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ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION

Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 30 Haziran 2025
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ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION

Öz

This study investigates the transformation of tepetate renders through the addition of heteropolysaccharides and industrial byproducts for use in architectural restoration, with a focus on sustainable and eco-friendly practices. Tepetate, a volcanic soil common in Mexico, has limitations as a plaster material due to its poor cohesiveness and durability. We hypothesized that the addition of mucilage from endemic plants (Opuntia aciculata, Agave lechuguilla, and Cyrtopodium macrobulbon) and industrial byproducts (glycerol) could improve tepetate properties for restoration applications while promoting ecological conservation and resource efficiency. We conducted experiments using various concentrations (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) of these additives and subjected samples to cohesiveness, aging, compression strength, and water absorption tests. Results showed significant improvements in tepetate properties, with some variations depending on the additive type and concentration. Notably, agave mucilage at 0.5% concentration achieved the highest compressive strength (42.09 kg/cm²), while glycerol at 1.5% demonstrated superior water resistance. All additive mixtures reduced water requirements by at least 40% compared to the control sample, with some achieving up to 62.5 % reduction. This water-saving aspect, combined with the use of natural and waste materials, underscores the ecological benefits of the proposed approach. The addition of these natural and industrial additives can effectively enhance tepetate performance as a rendering material, offering a sustainable solution for architectural conservation. These findings contribute to the development of improved, environmentally friendly materials for the restoration of cultural heritage buildings, aligning with principles of resource conservation and circular economy practices in the field of restoration.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tepetate renders, Heteropolysaccharides, Sustainable restoration, Endemic plants, Construction materials

Kaynakça

  1. Armendáriz, M. (2012). Materiales de alta densidad utilizando tepetate. Tesis de Maestría en Ciencias Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Querétaro. http://ri-ng.uaq.mx/handle/123456789/418
  2. ASTM. (2000). Standard Practice for Exposing Non-metallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources. Designation: G 151-00.
  3. ASTM. (1998). Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials. Designation: G 154-98.
  4. Cardeño, F., Gallego, L. J., & Rios, L. A. (2011). Refinación de la Fase Glicerina del Biodiesel de Aceite de Palma empleando Ácidos Minerales. Información tecnológica, 22(6), 15-24.
  5. Dai, S., & Zhong, Y. (2019). Sacrificial Protection for Architectural Heritage Conservation and Preliminary Approaches to Restore Historic Fair-Faced Brick Façades in China. Built Heritage, 3(1), 37-46.
  6. García-Alonso, L., & Guerrero-Baca, L. (2022). MOISTURE RESISTANCE OF EARTHEN COATINGS STABILIZED WITH GLYCEROL. Art GRID - Journal of Architecture Engineering and Fine Arts, 4(1), 57-70. https://doi.org/10.57165/artgrid.1075488
  7. García-Alonso, L., & Ruvalcaba, J. L. (2020) Research and Conservation of Bio-cultural Heritage and Traditional Technologies 47th Conference of CIMUSET, Kyoto https://www.fichier-pdf.fr/2021/01/29/cimuset--kyoto-publication/preview/page/116/
  8. Gama-Castro, J. (2007). Los tepetates y su dinámica sobre la degradación y el riesgo ambiental: El caso del Glacis de Buenavista, Morelos. Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, 59(1), 133-145.
  9. Guerrero Baca, L., & Ávila-Boyas, E. García-Alonso, L (2022). El glicerol como estabilizante de revoques de tierra. Estoa. Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca, 11(21), 83-97.
  10. Guerrero Baca, L. (2018). Identificación y valoración del patrimonio precolombino construido con tierra modelada. Anales del Instituto de Arte Americano e Investigaciones Estéticas. Mario J. Buschiazzo, 48(1), 125-141.

Kaynak Göster

APA
García-alonso, L., Vázquez, M., & Guerrero, L. (2025). ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION. ArtGRID - Journal of Architecture Engineering and Fine Arts, 7(1), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.57165/artgrid.1563266
AMA
1.García-alonso L, Vázquez M, Guerrero L. ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION. ArtGRID. 2025;7(1):77-88. doi:10.57165/artgrid.1563266
Chicago
García-alonso, Lılıan, Monica Vázquez, ve Luis Guerrero. 2025. “ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION”. ArtGRID - Journal of Architecture Engineering and Fine Arts 7 (1): 77-88. https://doi.org/10.57165/artgrid.1563266.
EndNote
García-alonso L, Vázquez M, Guerrero L (01 Haziran 2025) ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION. ArtGRID - Journal of Architecture Engineering and Fine Arts 7 1 77–88.
IEEE
[1]L. García-alonso, M. Vázquez, ve L. Guerrero, “ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION”, ArtGRID, c. 7, sy 1, ss. 77–88, Haz. 2025, doi: 10.57165/artgrid.1563266.
ISNAD
García-alonso, Lılıan - Vázquez, Monica - Guerrero, Luis. “ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION”. ArtGRID - Journal of Architecture Engineering and Fine Arts 7/1 (01 Haziran 2025): 77-88. https://doi.org/10.57165/artgrid.1563266.
JAMA
1.García-alonso L, Vázquez M, Guerrero L. ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION. ArtGRID. 2025;7:77–88.
MLA
García-alonso, Lılıan, vd. “ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION”. ArtGRID - Journal of Architecture Engineering and Fine Arts, c. 7, sy 1, Haziran 2025, ss. 77-88, doi:10.57165/artgrid.1563266.
Vancouver
1.Lılıan García-alonso, Monica Vázquez, Luis Guerrero. ENHANCING TEPETATE RENDERS WITH ENDEMIC PLANT MUCILAGE AND SAFE ADDITIVES: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION. ArtGRID. 01 Haziran 2025;7(1):77-88. doi:10.57165/artgrid.1563266