Toxicity of nanoparticles on insects: A Review

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 49 - 61, 31.12.2018

Benay Sezer Tunçsoy

Öz

The rapid development of nanomaterials in various fields of science results in being in need of understanding their toxic effects on development and physiology of non-target organisms and environment. Increased production and widespread use of these nanomaterials led to their release into the environment; nevertheless, the knowledge of their behaviour in organisms is scarce. Due to their physical and chemical characteristics, nanoparticles could be more toxic for the organisms than ion forms. Besides, they may enhance the enzymatic antioxidant defence systems, DNA damage, membrane permeability, cell death and also lead to genotoxicity and neurotoxicity in the organisms. Nanoparticles are also growing application in the field of pest management of insects. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the adverse effects of nanoparticles on insect species. Hence, in this study, it is summarized the current knowledge about the toxic effects of nanoparticles against insects. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioxidant enzymes, DNA damage, Genotoxicity, Nanoparticles, Neurotoxicity

Nanopartiküllerin böcekler üzerine toksik etkileri: Derleme

Öz

Bilimde birçok alanda nanomateryallerin kullanımının hızlı bir şekilde artması sonucu bu partiküllerin hedef olmayan organizmaların gelişim ve fizyolojileri ile çevre üzerine toksik etkilerinin belirlenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Nanomateryallerin üretimi ve yaygın kullanımları, çevreye salınımlarını artırmasına rağmen, canlı organizmalardaki davranışları tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Nanopartiküller fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerinden dolayı, canlı organizmalarda iyon formlarına göre daha toksik olabilmektedirler. Bunun yanı sıra, enzimatik antioksidan savunma sistemleri üzerinde olumsuz etkilere, DNA hasarına, membran geçirgenliğine, hücre ölümüne neden olmakla birlikte, genotoksik ve nörotoksik etkileri de bulunmaktadır. Son yıllarda, nanopartiküller tarımsal alanlarda zararlılarla mücadelede de kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu yüzden nanopartiküllerin böcekler üzerine olumsuz etkilerinin belirlenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu amaç kapsamında, nanopartiküllerin böcekler üzerine toksik etkileri hakkında güncel bilgiler özetlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioksidan Enzimler, DNA hasarı, Genotoksisite, Nanopartiküller, Nörotoksisite

Kaynakça

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