Effects of salt water intrusion on biochemical components of Alder and Ash tree fresh leaves in Karacabey Coastal Forested Wetland

Öz

Coastal forested wetlands provide substantial benefits to society, such as wave attenuation, erosion control, biodiversity support, and carbon sequestration. Many of these unique coastal ecosystems have been drained for various reasons, while those that remain are now threatened by salt water intrusion and sea level rise due to climate change. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of soil salinity on the biochemical components of the fresh leaves of alder (Alnus glutinosa L. Gaertn) and ash tree (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) which are the dominant tree species in Karacabey coastal forested wetland next to the Sea of Marmara in Türkiye. For this purpose, fresh leaf and soil samples of alder and ash trees were collected from three zones (Z1: 0-1 km, Z2: 1 to 2 km and Z3: 2 to 3 km) from the inner border (Z3) of the forested wetland to the coastline (Z1) of the Sea of Marmara. The fresh leaf samples were analyzed for photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids), anthocyanin, xanthophylls, free amino acids, total nitrate, proline, total polyphenols, total soluble tannins, total phenolic compounds, glucose, sucrose and total carbohydrates. The soil samples were analyzed for soil pH, electrical conductivity and soil texture. The results showed that the soil salinity decreased from the coastline (Z1) towards the inner border (Z3). Similarly, mean photosynthetic pigments and anthocyanin, xanthophyll also decreased from the Z1 towards Z3, whereas mean total polyphenols and total soluble tannin concentrations increased for the both tree species. The other biochemical compounds showed either an increase or a decrease according to the tree species. These pioneer results illustrate the important point that biotic or abiotic environment in which tree grows significantly change the specific biochemical components in the fresh leaves of alder and ash trees in the coastal forested wetlands. In turn, these changes may result in variation in nutrient cycling, carbon cycling, and organic matter turnover rates in these forest ecosystems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alnus glutinosa
• Fraxinus angustifolia
• Türkiye
• Photosynthetic pigments
• Soil salinity

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK 1001

Proje Numarası

121O702

Teşekkür

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) (Project no:121O702) for its financial support to carry out this research. General Directorate of Forestry, Department of International Relations, Education and Research for granting permission to work in Karacabey Coastal Forested Wetlands.

Karacabey Kıyı Subasar Ormanlarında Kızılağaç ve Dişbudak yeşil yapraklarının biyokimyasal bileşimi üzerinde tuzlu su girişinin etkisi

Öz

Deniz kıyısı subasar ormanlar, deniz dalga etkisinin azaltılması, erozyon kontrolü, biyolojik çeşitlilik ve karbon tutma gibi önemli faydalar sağlamaktadır. Bu eşsiz kıyı ekosistemlerinin birçoğu çeşitli sebeplerle kurutulurken, geriye kalanları günümüzde iklim değişikliğinin etkisiyle denizden tuzlu su girişi ve deniz seviyesinin yükselmesi tehdidi altındadır. Bu çalışmada, Marmara Denizi kıyısında yer alan Karacabey subasar ormanlarının asli ağaç türleri olan kızılağaç (Alnus glutinosa L. Gaertn) ve dişbudak (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) ağaçlarının yeşil yapraklarının biyokimyasal bileşimi üzerinde toprak tuzluluğu etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla ağaçların yaprakları subasar ormanların yayılış yaptığı deniz kıyısı ile iç kısım arasındaki üç zondan (Z1: 0-1 km, Z2: 1 to 2 km and Z3: 2 to 3 km) örneklenmiştir. Yaprak örnekleri üzerinde, fotosentetik pigmentler (klorofil a, klorofil b ve karotenidler), antosiyanin, ksantofiller, serbest amino asitler, toplam nitrat, prolin, toplam polifenoller, toplam çözünür tanenler, toplam fenolik bileşikler, glikoz, sukroz ve toplam karbonhidrat analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toprak örneklerinin ise pH, elektriksel iletkenlik ve tekstürü belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, toprak tuzluluğunun kıyı şeridinden (Z1) iç sınıra (Z3) doğru azaldığını göstermiştir. Benzer şekilde, ortalama fotosentetik pigmentler ve antosiyanin, ksantofilin de Z1'den Z3'e doğru azalırken, toplam polifenoller ve çözünür tanen konsantrasyonları her iki ağaç türü içinde artmıştır. Diğer biyokimyasal bileşikler de ağaç türlerine göre artış veya azalma göstermiştir. Bu öncül sonuçlar, kıyı subasar ormanlarının yetişme ortamı şartlarının (abiyotik veya biyotik), Kızılağaç ve Dişbudak ağaçlarının yeşil yapraklarının biyokimyasal bileşenlerinde önemli ölçüde değişikliğe neden olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu değişiklikler ise, zaman içinde bu subasar orman ekosistemlerinin besin döngüsü, karbon döngüsü ve organik madde dönüşüm süreçlerinin değişimine neden olabilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fotosentetik pigmentler
• toprak tuzluluğu
• Alnus glutinosa
• Fraxinus angustifolia
• Türkiye

Proje Numarası

121O702

Kaynakça

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