Spatiotemporal changes of carbon storage in Çaltepe Forest Planning Unit

Öz

Forest ecosystems play a crucial role in mitigating climate change as they are the largest carbon sinks. The objective of this study was to reveal the potential effects of forest dynamics on carbon sequestration and to contribute to planning studies. In this study, the changes in biomass and carbon storage areas in the 1999 and 2014 planning periods of the Çaltepe Forest Planning Unit. This calculation was carried out using widely accepted guidelines and coefficients, and the spatial distribution of biomass and C storage was mapped using GIS. As a result, the total biomass of the forested area increased by 53.42% in the period 1999-2014, from 781039.2 Mg to 1198263.51 Mg. On the other hand, the total amount of carbon storage increased from 1146019.35 Mg to 1448400.56 Mg in the period 1999-2014, an increase of about 26.39%. The contributions to the carbon (C) pool came from soil organic carbon with 60.12% and 53.28% of total C storage; from aboveground with 26.64% and 32.38%; from belowground with 7.66% and 9.27%; from litter with 5.33% and 4.77%; and from deadwood with 0.25% and 0.30% in 1999 and 2014, respectively. The average annual C sequestration was 1.95 Mg ha-1 yr-1, of which 1.06 Mg ha-1 yr-1 occurred in aboveground, 0.53 Mg ha-1 yr-1 in soil, 0.3 Mg ha-1 yr-1 in belowground, 0.05 Mg ha-1 yr-1 in litter and 0.01 Mg ha-1 yr-1 in deadwood. Results have shown that; to increase the amount of biomass and carbon sequestration capacity in forest areas, it is necessary to increase maintenance activities, select appropriate species in afforestation areas, and ensure sustainable carbon management by reducing social pressure on forests. As long as the sustainability of carbon pools on land is ensured, the effects of climate change will be mitigated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Climate change
• carbon pool
• land use changes
• spatiotemporal patterns
• Forest ecosystems

Çaltepe Orman Planlama Birimindeki karbon depolamasının zamansal ve konumsal değişimi

Öz

Orman ekosistemleri, en büyük karbon yutakları olmaları nedeniyle iklim değişikliğinin azaltılmasında önemli bir paya sahiptirler. Bu çalışmada amaç, orman dinamiklerinin karbon birikimi üzerindeki potansiyel etkilerini ortaya koymak ve planlama çalışmalarına katkıda bulunmaktır. Bu çalışmada Çaltepe Orman Planlama Birimi'nin, 1999-2014 yılları arasında biyokütle ve karbon depolama alanlarındaki değişimleri analiz edilmiştir. İlgili hesaplamalar, yaygın olarak kabul edilen kılavuzlar ve katsayılar kullanılarak yapılmış, biyokütle ve C depolamanın zamansal ve konumsal dağılımı CBS kullanılarak haritalanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, 1999-2014 döneminde ormanlık alanın toplam biyokütlesi %53.42 oranında artarak 781039.2 megaramdan (tondan) 1198263.51 megagrama (tona) yükselmiştir. Diğer taraftan, 1999-2014 döneminde toplam karbon depolama miktarı, yaklaşık %26.9 oranında artışla, 1146019.35 Mg'dan 1448400.56 Mg'a yükselmiştir. 1999 ve 2014 yıllarında C havuzuna katkı sırasıyla %60.12 ve %53.28 ile toprak organik karbonundan, %26.64 ve %32.38 ile toprak üstünden, %7.66 ve %9.27 ile toprak altından, %5.33 ve %4.77 ile ölü örtüden ve %0.25 ölü örtüden ve %0.30 ile ölü odundan gelmiştir. 1.06 Mg ha-1 yıl-1'ı toprak üstü, 0.53 Mg ha-1 yıl-1'ı toprak, 0.3 Mg ha-1 yıl-1'ı toprak altı, 0.05 Mg ha-1 yıl-1'ı ölü örtü ve 0.01 ha-1 yıl-1'ı ölü odun karbonu olmak üzere, araştırma alanının yıllık ortalama C tutulumu 1.95 Mg ha-1 yıl-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar göstermiştir ki; orman alanlarında biyokütle miktarını ve karbon tutma kapasitesini artırmak için bakım faaliyetlerinin artırılması, ağaçlandırmada uygun türlerin seçilmesi ve ormanlar üzerindeki sosyal baskının azaltılarak, sürdürülebilir karbon yönetiminin sağlanması gerekmektedir. Karasal alanlardaki karbon havuzlarının sürdürülebilirliği sağlandığı sürece iklim değişikliğinin etkileri de azaltılmış olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İklim değişikliği
• Karbon havuzu
• Arazi kullanım değişiklikleri
• Mekansal-zamansal örüntüler
• Orman ekosistemi

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