Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Antimicrobial Properties of Bacillus velezensis from Endemic Allium tuncelianum Soil

Öz

Antibiotic resistance is a growing global concern that requires the discovery of new antimicrobial agents. Bacillus velezensis, a spore-forming gram-positive bacterium, is known for producing bioactive compounds such as lipopeptides (surfactin, phenjicin, iturin) and polyketides (difficidin, macrolactin). These substances exhibit broad spectrum antimicrobial properties, suppress plant pathogens and promote plant growth. This study investigates the isolation, identification and antimicrobial potential of B. velezensis from soil associated with the endemic Allium tuncelianum in Türkiye. B. velezensis strain ŞK_B3 was identified using 16S rDNA sequencing and tested for antimicrobial activity against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. Although it has moderate activity compared to standard antibiotics such as streptomycin and penicillin, its activity against gram-positive bacteria has been found to be particularly remarkable. The results showed that it has moderate inhibitory activity especially against gram-positive bacteria. This highlights its potential as a biocontrol agent and a source of new antibiotics in agriculture. Further studies are needed to elucidate the active compounds and to increase the antimicrobial activity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bacillus velezensis
• Secondary metabolites
• 16S rDNA gene
• Antibacterial

Proje Numarası

1919B012220217

Endemik Tunceli Sarımsağı (Allium tuncelianum) Toprağından Bacillus velezensis İzolasyonu, Moleküler Tanımlanması ve Antimikrobiyal Özellikleri

Öz

Antibiyotik direnci, yeni antimikrobiyal ajanların keşfini gerektiren, her geçen gün büyüyen küresel bir endişedir. Spor oluşturan gram pozitif bir bakteri olan Bacillus velezensis, lipopeptitler (sürfaktin, fenjisin, iturin) ve poliketidler (difficidin, makrolaktin) gibi biyoaktif bileşikler üretmesiyle bilinmektedir. Bu maddeler geniş spektrumlu antimikrobiyal özellikler göstermekle beraber, bitki patojenlerini baskılar ve bitki büyümesini teşvik eder. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'deki endemik Tunceli sarımsağı (Allium tuncelianum (Kollmann) Özhatay, B. Mathew ve Şiraneci) ile ilişkili topraktan B. velezensis'in izolasyonunu, tanımlanmasını ve antimikrobiyal potansiyelini araştırmaktadır. B. velezensis ŞK_B3 suşu, 16S rDNA dizilemesi kullanılarak tanımlandı ve gram pozitif (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) ve gram negatif (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bakterilere karşı antimikrobiyal aktivite açısından test edildi. Streptomisin ve penisilin gibi standart antibiyotiklere kıyasla orta düzeyde aktivite gösterse de, etkinliği özellikle gram pozitif bakterilere karşı dikkat çekici olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, özellikle gram pozitif bakterilere karşı orta düzeyde inhibitör aktivitesi olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu da tarımda bir biyokontrol ajanı ve yeni antibiyotik kaynağı olarak potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır. Etkin bileşiklerin aydınlatılması ve antimikrobiyal etkinliğin artırılması için daha ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bacillus velezensis
• İkincil metabolitler
• 16S rDNA geni
• Antibakteriyel

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu çalışma, TÜBİTAK 2209/A - Üniversite Öğrencileri Yurt İçi Araştırma Projeleri Destek Programı (Proje No: 1919B012220217) kapsamında desteklenmektedir.

Proje Numarası

1919B012220217

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