Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Temelli Erozyon Analizi: Entropi-WASPAS Yaklaşımıyla Derindere Havzası’nın (Ardahan) Önceliklendirilmesi

Öz

Bu araştırmada, Derindere Havzası’nın morfometrik özellikleri ve erozyon riski alt havza ölçeğinde nesnel kriterler kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Havzanın morfometri parametreleri, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) verilerinden elde edilen Sayısal Yükseklik Modeli (SYM) kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Entropi yöntemi ile kriter ağırlıkları nesnel olarak belirlenmiş ve ardından ÇKKV yöntemlerinden WASPAS (Ağırlıklı Toplu Toplam Ürün Değerlendirmesi) uygulanarak alt havzaların erozyon riski sınıflandırılmıştır. Analizler, özellikle çatallanma oranı (Rb) ve akarsu uzunluk oranı (Rl) gibi parametrelerin erozyon potansiyelinde belirleyici olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bağıl rölyef (Rhp) ve engebelilik indeksi (Rn) ise yüksek eğimli alt havzaların erozyona karşı duyarlılığını artırmaktadır. Entropi-WASPAS entegrasyonu sonucu, AH-4 “Çok Yüksek” erozyon riski taşıyan alan olarak tanımlanırken, diğer alt havzalar “Çok Düşük” sınıfında yer almıştır. Orman ekosistemleri, havzanın topografik yapısına bağlı olarak toprak koruma ve su kalitesinin artırılmasında önemli bir işlev üstlenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, yüksek risk taşıyan alt havzalarda orman örtüsünün korunması ve iyileştirilmesi; erozyonun azaltılması ve su kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir yönetimi açısından öncelikli müdahale alanı olarak önerilmektedir. Morfometrik parametrelerin, erozyon riskini doğru biçimde yansıttığı ve Entropi-WASPAS tabanlı çok kriterli karar verme yaklaşımlarının kaynakların etkili şekilde tahsisi açısından güçlü bir karar destek aracı sunduğu görülmektedir. İleriye dönük olarak, iklim değişikliği ve arazi kullanımındaki değişimlerin etkilerini içeren çok boyutlu analizlerin gerçekleştirilmesi, havza yönetimi kararlarının doğruluğunu ve uygulanabilirliğini artıracaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ardahan
• Erozyon riski
• Entropi
• Morfometri

Erosion Analysis Based on Multi-Criteria Decision-Making: Prioritization of the Derindere Watershed (Ardahan) Using the Entropy-WASPAS Approach

Öz

In this research, the morphometric characteristics and erosion risk of the Derindere Watershed were assessed at the sub-basin scale using objective criteria. The morphometric parameters were derived from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generated from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data. Criterion weights were objectively determined through the Entropy method, and subsequently, the WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment) technique, one of the MCDM approaches, was employed to classify erosion risk across the sub-basins. The analyses indicated that parameters such as the bifurcation ratio (Rb) and stream length ratio (Rl) were key determinants of erosion potential. Furthermore, relative relief (Rhp) and the ruggedness index (Rn) revealed that steeply sloping sub-basins exhibit greater susceptibility to erosion. Through the integration of Entropy and WASPAS, the SW-4 was identified as an area of 'Very High' erosion risk, whereas the remaining sub-basins were classified as 'Very Low.' Forest ecosystems were found to play a crucial role in soil conservation and water quality enhancement, conditioned by the topographic structure of the watershed. Accordingly, preserving and rehabilitating forest cover in high-risk sub-basins is recommended as a priority intervention strategy to mitigate erosion and promote the sustainable management of water resources. The findings demonstrate that morphometric parameters accurately reflect erosion risk, while the Entropy–WASPAS-based multi-criteria decision-making framework offers a robust decision-support tool for the effective allocation of resources. Looking forward, incorporating multidimensional analyses that integrate the impacts of climate change and land-use dynamics will enhance both the accuracy and applicability of watershed management decisions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ardahan
• Erosion risk
• Entropy
• Morphometry

Kaynakça

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