Marjinal Alan Koşullarında Miscanthus × giganteus’un Adaptasyon Yeteneği, Biyokütle Verimi ve Biyoyakıt Potansiyelinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, çok yıllık otsu bir C4 türü olan Miscanthus × giganteus, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University sınırları içerisinde yer alan düşük verimli, atıl bir alanda tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre ekilmiştir. Deneme parsellerinde 0, 60 ve 120 kg ha⁻¹ olmak üzere üç farklı gübre dozu uygulanmıştır. Fizyolojik özelliklere ilişkin ölçümler 2015 ve 2016 yıllarındaki vejetasyon dönemlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. İncelenen gaz değişim parametreleri; net asimilasyon hızı, transpirasyon hızı, stoma iletkenliği, su kullanım etkinliği ve su potansiyelidir. Bitki boyu, yaş ve kuru biyokütle ile toplam biyokütle içeriği (ekstraktif madde, holoselüloz oranı, lignin oranı ve kül içeriği) gibi büyümeye ilişkin parametreler analiz edilmiştir. Biyoyakıt üretim potansiyeli, M. giganteus’tan elde edilen biyokütleden teorik biyoetanol verimi ve verimliliklerinin hesaplanmasıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, marjinal arazi koşullarında yetiştirilen M. giganteus’un artan gübre dozlarından veya olumsuz çevresel koşullardan önemli ölçüde etkilenmediğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, gıda dışı bir enerji bitkisi olarak, dünya nüfusunun temel besin kaynaklarından bağımsız olması sayesinde küresel “gıda mı yakıt mı” tartışmasını da başarıyla bertaraf etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Miscanthus x giganteus
• Bioetanol
• Marjinal deneme alanı
• C4 fotosentetik izyolu

Evaluation of the Adaptability, Biomass Yield, and Biofuel Potential of Miscanthus × giganteus under Marginal Site

Öz

In this study, the perennial herbaceous C4 species Miscanthus × giganteus was planted using a randomized block design on a low-productivity, idle land located within the boundaries of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University. Three fertilizer levels 0, 60, and 120 kg ha⁻¹ were tested within the experimental blocks. Measurements of physiological traits were conducted during the vegetation period in 2015 and 2016. The gas-exchange parameters assessed included net assimilation rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, water-use efficiency, and water potential. Growth-related parameters such as plant height, fresh and dry biomass, and total biomass content (extractive matter, holocellulose ratio, lignin ratio, and ash content) were analyzed. The biofuel production potential was evaluated by calculating the theoretical bioethanol yields and efficiencies from the biomass extracted from M. giganteus. The results of this study demonstrate that M. giganteus, grown under marginal land conditions, was not significantly affected by increasing fertilizer concentrations or adverse environmental conditions. Moreover, as a non-food energy crop, it successfully avoids the global “food vs. fuel” debate by being independent of the primary food sources relied upon by the world population.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Miscanthus X giganteus
• Bioethanol
• Marginal trial fields
• C4 photosynthetic pathway

Kaynakça

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