Yangın Sonrası Orman Hasat Operasyonlarında Kesici İstifleyici Makinesinin Verimliliğinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Türkiye’de son yıllarda orman yangın sayıları ve yanan alan miktarlarında büyük bir artış meydana gelmiştir. Ekosistem dengesi üzerinde insan varlığının meydana getirdiği olumsuz etkiler, sıcaklığın artması, hava olaylarında meydana gelen büyük değişimler nedeniyle orman ekosisteminde de büyük olumsuzlukları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Yanan orman alanlarında bulunan odun ürününün en kısa zamanda alandan çıkarılması ve bir yıl içinde yanık sahaların tekrar ağaçlandırılabilmesi için gerekli çalışmaların hızlı ve ekonomik bir şekilde yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma Karabük bölgesinde 2025 yılı yaz aylarında meydana gelen orman yangını sahalarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yanan alanlardaki kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) meşçerelerinde Caterpillar 330 6C marka ekskavatöre monteli Woodcracker feller-buncher ile yapılan kesim çalışmaları incelenmiştir. Kesim çalışmalarında yanık sahada bulunan ağaçlar dip kısmından kesilerek yol kenarına istif edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda feller-buncher ağaç kesme makinesinin verimliliği bulunmuştur. Sonuçlara göre makinenin ortalama verimi 18.25 m3/sa olarak belirlenmiştir. Ortalama bir ağaç kesme ve taşıma döngüsü yaklaşık 46.92 saniye sürmüştür. Feller-buncher gibi kesim makineleri özellikle büyük yanık sahaların boşaltılmasında büyük bir avantaj sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Verimlilik
• Yangın
• Kesme
• Feller-buncher

Evaluation of Feller-Buncher Productivity in Post-Fire Forest Harvesting Operations

Öz

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in both the number of forest fires and the extent of burned areas in Türkiye. The negative impacts of human activity on ecosystem balance—such as rising temperatures and major changes in weather patterns—have also led to serious adverse effects on forest ecosystems. It is essential that the necessary operations be carried out quickly and economically in order to remove wood products from burned forest areas as soon as possible and to enable the reforestation of these sites within one year. This study was conducted in forest fire areas that occurred in the Karabük region during the summer of 2025. Cutting operations carried out in black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold.) stands in burned areas were examined using a Wood Cracker feller-buncher mounted on a Caterpillar 330 6C excavator. During the cutting operations, the trees in the burned area were cut at the base and stacked along the roadside. As a result of the study, the productivity of the feller-buncher cutting machine was determined. According to the results, the average productivity of the machine was found to be 18.25 m³/h. The average tree cutting and extraction cycle lasted 46.92 seconds. Feller-buncher-type cutting machines provide a significant advantage, especially in clearing large burned areas. In areas where slope is not excessively steep, the use of such harvesting machines in forestry is important in terms of productivity, environmental impact, and operational time.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Productivity
• Fire area
• Cutting
• Feller-buncher

Kaynakça

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