Viburnum opulus Çiçek ve Yaprak Ekstraktları ile Bunlardan Sentezlenen Bakır Temelli Hibrit Nanoçiçeklerin Antioksidan ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin Karşılaştırmalı İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Viburnum opulus L. bitkisinin çiçek ve yaprak kısımlarından elde edilen ekstraktlar kullanılarak bakır temelli hibrit nanoçiçekler (Cu-hNFs) sentezlenmiş ve elde edilen nanoçiçeklerin antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri ham ekstraktlarla karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Nanoçiçeklerin sentezinde organik bileşen olarak bitki ekstraktları, inorganik bileşen olarak ise Cu2+ iyonları kullanılmıştır. Sentezlenen Cu-hNFs’lerin morfolojik özellikleri SEM, elementel bileşimleri SEM-EDX ve yapısal özellikleri FT-IR analizleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. SEM görüntüleri, her iki ekstrakttan da başarılı şekilde çiçek benzeri üç boyutlu nanoyapıların oluştuğunu göstermiştir. EDX analizleri bakırın nanoçiçek yapısına başarıyla dahil edildiğini doğrulamış, FT-IR sonuçları ise nanoçiçek yapılarında fosfat gruplarının varlığını göstermiştir. EDX ile Cu, P ve O elementlerinin birlikte saptanması ve FT-IR analizinde fosfatla ilişkili bantların gözlenmesi, fosfat içeren bakır temelli yapıların oluşumuyla uyumludur. Antioksidan aktiviteler FRAP ve DPPH yöntemleri ile belirlenmiştir. Yaprak ekstraktı, çiçek ekstraktına kıyasla daha yüksek antioksidan aktivite göstermiştir. Buna karşın, nanoçiçek formuna dönüştürülmüş örneklerde antioksidan aktivitenin belirgin şekilde azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Antimikrobiyal aktivite disk difüzyon yöntemi kullanılarak Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ve Candida albicans üzerinde değerlendirilmiştir. Ham ekstraktlar zayıf düzeyde antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterirken, Cu-hNFs örneklerinde inhibisyon zonu gözlenmemiştir. Sonuçlar, V. opulus yaprak ekstraktının çiçek ekstraktına göre daha yüksek biyolojik aktiviteye sahip olduğunu ve nanoçiçek oluşumunun biyolojik aktivite profilini değiştirebildiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Viburnum opulus
• Hibrit nanoçiçek
• Bakır nanoçiçek
• Antioksidan aktivite
• Antimikrobiyal aktivite
• Yeşil sentez

Comparative Investigation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Viburnum opulus Flower and Leaf Extracts and Their Copper-Based Hybrid Nanoflowers

Öz

In this study, copper-based hybrid nanoflowers (Cu-hNFs) were synthesized using flower and leaf extracts of Viburnum opulus L., and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were comparatively evaluated with those of the crude extracts. Plant extracts were used as the organic component, whereas Cu2+ ions served as the inorganic component during nanoflower synthesis. The synthesized Cu-hNFs were characterized by SEM, EDX, and FT-IR analyses. SEM images revealed the successful formation of flower-like three-dimensional nanostructures from both flower and leaf extracts. EDX analysis confirmed the incorporation of copper into the nanoflower structures, while FT-IR spectra indicated the presence of phosphate groups. Taken together, the EDX and FT-IR findings are consistent with the formation of phosphate-containing copper-based structures. Antioxidant activities were determined using FRAP and DPPH assays. The leaf extract exhibited higher antioxidant activity than the flower extract. However, the antioxidant activities of the Cu-hNFs samples were markedly reduced compared with those of the crude extracts. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans using the disk diffusion method. While crude extracts exhibited weak antimicrobial activity, no inhibition zones were observed for the Cu-hNFs samples. The findings indicate that V. opulus leaf extract possesses higher biological activity than the flower extract and that nanoflower formation can alter the biological activity profile of plant-derived materials.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Viburnum opulus
• Hybrid nanoflower
• Copper nanoflower
• Antioxidant activity
• Antimicrobial activity
• Green synthesis

Kaynakça

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