Mikovirüslerin Rhizoctonia solani Kühn ve diğer bazı bitki patojenlerinde kullanım olanakları

Öz

Bitki patojeni fungusların da yer aldığı birçok organizmada yaygın olarak bulunan mikovirüsler, biyolojik mücadelede alternatif bir kullanım olanağı sağlayan obligat parazitlerdir. Çoğunluğu biyolojik ajan olarak mikoviral dsRNA genomuna sahip olmakla birlikte, DNA genomlarına sahip olanları da bulunmaktadır. Mikovirüsler, fungus hücrelerinde hücre birleşmesi yoluyla, hücre bölünmesi ve eşeyli, eşeysiz spor formları ile yayılış göstermektedir. Enfekte ettikleri funguslarda bazı morfolojik ve fizyolojik farklılıklara sebebiyet vermekte, virülensi artırma ve azaltma yönünde etkide bulunmaktadırlar. Bu derlemede mikovirüslerin Rhizoctonia solani ve diğer bazı funguslara karşı etkileri ve virülensi azaltma etkisinden yola çıkarak, bitki hastalıklarıyla biyolojik mücadelede kullanım olanakları araştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mikovirüsler
• dsRNA
• Hipovirulenslik
• Biyolojik kontrol
• Rhizoctonia solani

The usage of mycoviruses in Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and some plant pathogens

Öz

Mycoviruses, which are commonly found in many organisms including plant pathogenic fungi, are obligate parasites that provide an alternative use in biological control. Although the majority have mycoviral dsRNA genome as biological agent, there are also those with DNA genomes. Mycoviruses are spread in fungus cells through cell fusion, cell division and sexual and asexual spore forms. In fungi infected by mycoviruses, they cause some morphological and physiological differences and have an effect on increasing and decreasing virulence. In this review, it was aimed to give information on the effects of mycoviruses against some fungi, including Rhizoctonia solani, and their use in biological control against plant diseases, based on the effect of reducing virulence.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mycovirus
• dsRNA
• Hypovirulence
• Biological control
• Rhizoctonia solani

Kaynakça

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