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Comparison of Accommodation Amplitude Measured by Autorefractometry and the Negative Lens Test

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 98 - 102, 23.09.2025

Öz

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To compare accommodation amplitude (AA) values obtained using an objective technique (autorefractometry) with those derived from a subjective method (negative lens test).
Methods: In this prospective study, 142 participants were stratified into two age groups: <40 years (Group 1) and ≥40 years (Group 2). The dominant eye of each subject was identified using the Miles test. AA was first measured with an autorefractometer (Tonoref III, NIDEK Co., Ltd.) and subsequently with the negative lens test. Anterior segment biometric parameters were also recorded with an optical biometer (LS‑900, Haag‑Streit AG, Switzerland). Measurements were analyzed according to refractive status within each age group.
Results: The mean age of the cohort was 36.4 ± 11.9 years (range, 18–60). Mean AA determined by autorefractometry was 1.89 ± 1.74 D, significantly lower than that obtained with the negative lens test (6.01 ± 2.56 D; p<0.001). In Group 1, no significant differences in AA were observed among myopic (n=48), hyperopic (n=10), and emmetropic (n=25) subjects using either method (p=0.430 and p=0.320, respectively). In Group 2, autorefractometric AA was significantly higher in myopic (n=11) and emmetropic (n=18) eyes compared with hyperopic eyes (n=30) (p=0.030 and p=0.020), whereas there was no difference between myopic and emmetropic eyes (p=0.980). Negative lens test results showed no significant intergroup differences (p=0.200).
Conclusions: AA values measured with the negative lens test are not interchangeable with those obtained by autorefractometry. Additionally, objective methods yield lower AA values in hyperopic individuals over 40 years of age.
Keywords: Accommodation amplitude, Autorefractometry, Negative lens test

Proje Numarası

2021/10-10 nolu karar

Kaynakça

  • 1. Ozulken K. Objective Accommodation Measurements by Using a New Autorefractometer Device. Beyoglu Eye Journal. 2019; 4(3): 149-155.
  • 2. Weng CC, Hwang DK, Liu CJL. Repeatability of the amplitude of accommodation measured by a new generation autorefractor. PLoS One. 2020 Jan 27;15(1):e0224733.
  • 3. Momeni-Moghaddam H, Ng J, Cesana B, Yekta A, Sedaghat M. Accommodative amplitude using the minus lens at different near distances. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2017;65(3):223.
  • 4. Park SM, Moon BY, Kim SY, Yu DS. Diurnal variations of amplitude of accommodation in different age groups. PLoS One. 2019;14(11):e0225754.
  • 5. Aboumourad R, Anderson HA. Comparison of Dynamic Retinoscopy and Autorefraction for Measurement of Accommodative Amplitude. Optometry and Vision Science. 2019;96(9):670–7.
  • 6. Anderson HA, Hentz G, Glasser A, Stuebing KK, Manny RE. Minus-Lens–Stimulated Accommodative Amplitude Decreases Sigmoidally with Age: A Study of Objectively Measured Accommodative Amplitudes from Age 3. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science. 2008;49(7):2919.
  • 7. Hirota M, Morimoto T, Miyoshi T, Fujikado T. Simultaneous Measurement of Objective and Subjective Accommodation in Response to Step Stimulation. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science. 2020;61(13):38.
  • 8. Anderson HA, Stuebing KK. Subjective versus Objective Accommodative Amplitude. Optometry and Vision Science. 2014;91(11):1290–301.
  • 9. Momeni-Moghaddam H, Kundart J, Askarizadeh F. Comparing measurement techniques of accommodative amplitudes. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2014;62(6):683.
  • 10. León A, Estrada JM, Rosenfield M. Age and the amplitude of accommodation measured using dynamic retinoscopy. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics. 2016;36(1):5–12.
  • 11. Harb E, Thorn F, Troilo D. Characteristics of accommodative behavior during sustained reading in emmetropes and myopes. Vision Res. 2006; (16):2581–92.

Otorefraktometri ve Negatif Lens Testi ile Elde Edilen Akomodasyon Amplitüd Değerlerinin Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 98 - 102, 23.09.2025

Öz

Amaç: Akomodasyon amplitüdü (AA) değerlerini objektif yöntemlerden otorefraktometre kullanarak ve subjektif yöntemlerden negatif lens testi ile ölçerek karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.
Metod: Prospektif olarak planlanan çalışmaya toplam 142 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar, yaşa göre 40 yaş altı (Grup 1) ve 40 yaş üstü (Grup 2) olarak 2 gruba ayrıldı. Hastaların baskın gözleri Miles testi ile belirlenerek önce otorefraktometre (Tonoref III, NIDEK Co., Ltd.) kullanılarak daha sonra da negatif lens testi ile AA hesaplandı. Ayrıca optik biyometri (LS-900, Haag-Strait AG, İsviçre) cihazı ile hastaların ön segmente ait biyometrik parametreleri ölçüldü. Elde edilen veriler her iki grupta hastaların refraksiyon durumlarına göre karşılaştırıldı.
Sonuç: Ortalama yaş 36,39± 11,93(18-60) yıldı. Otorefraktometre ile ölçülen ortalama AA değeri 1,89±1,74 D iken negatif lens testi ile ölçülen ortalama AA değeri ise 6,01±2,56 D idi (p<0,001). Grup 1’de miyop (n=48), hipermetrop (n=10) ve emetrop (n=25) hastalar arasında hem otorefraktometre ile ölçülen AA hem de negatif lens testi ile bulunan AA açısından refraksiyon durumlarına göre anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p değeri sırasıyla 0,430 ve 0,320). Grup 2’de otorefraktometre ile ölçülen AA miyop(n=11) ve emetrop(n=18) hastalarda hipermetrop(n=30) hastalara göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek (p=0,030, p=0,020) iken, miyop ve emetrop hastalar arasında ise anlamlı farklılık gözlenmemiştir (p=0,980). Negatif lens testi ile ölçülen AA gruplar arasında farklılık göstermemiştir (p=0,200).
Tartışma: Negatif lens testi ile ölçülen AA otorefraktometre ile ölçülen AA ile aynı sonucu vermemekte olup birbirlerinin yerine kullanılamayacağı sonucuna ulaştık. Ayrıca 40 yaş üstündeki hipermetrop bireylerde AA değerleri objektif yöntemler ile daha düşük bulunmuştur.

Proje Numarası

2021/10-10 nolu karar

Kaynakça

  • 1. Ozulken K. Objective Accommodation Measurements by Using a New Autorefractometer Device. Beyoglu Eye Journal. 2019; 4(3): 149-155.
  • 2. Weng CC, Hwang DK, Liu CJL. Repeatability of the amplitude of accommodation measured by a new generation autorefractor. PLoS One. 2020 Jan 27;15(1):e0224733.
  • 3. Momeni-Moghaddam H, Ng J, Cesana B, Yekta A, Sedaghat M. Accommodative amplitude using the minus lens at different near distances. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2017;65(3):223.
  • 4. Park SM, Moon BY, Kim SY, Yu DS. Diurnal variations of amplitude of accommodation in different age groups. PLoS One. 2019;14(11):e0225754.
  • 5. Aboumourad R, Anderson HA. Comparison of Dynamic Retinoscopy and Autorefraction for Measurement of Accommodative Amplitude. Optometry and Vision Science. 2019;96(9):670–7.
  • 6. Anderson HA, Hentz G, Glasser A, Stuebing KK, Manny RE. Minus-Lens–Stimulated Accommodative Amplitude Decreases Sigmoidally with Age: A Study of Objectively Measured Accommodative Amplitudes from Age 3. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science. 2008;49(7):2919.
  • 7. Hirota M, Morimoto T, Miyoshi T, Fujikado T. Simultaneous Measurement of Objective and Subjective Accommodation in Response to Step Stimulation. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science. 2020;61(13):38.
  • 8. Anderson HA, Stuebing KK. Subjective versus Objective Accommodative Amplitude. Optometry and Vision Science. 2014;91(11):1290–301.
  • 9. Momeni-Moghaddam H, Kundart J, Askarizadeh F. Comparing measurement techniques of accommodative amplitudes. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2014;62(6):683.
  • 10. León A, Estrada JM, Rosenfield M. Age and the amplitude of accommodation measured using dynamic retinoscopy. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics. 2016;36(1):5–12.
  • 11. Harb E, Thorn F, Troilo D. Characteristics of accommodative behavior during sustained reading in emmetropes and myopes. Vision Res. 2006; (16):2581–92.
Toplam 11 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ferhat Sarıbaş 0000-0003-0366-1894

Melike Deniz 0009-0009-2750-8350

Enes Uyar 0000-0003-2544-3580

Proje Numarası 2021/10-10 nolu karar
Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Eylül 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Ağustos 2025
Kabul Tarihi 26 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3

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