Öz
Tajikistan, one of the countries that gained its independence with the collapse of the Soviet Union, started to return to its own historical and cultural values when the Soviet pressure ended and started to work to awaken a national consciousness. Thus, action was taken for the process of building national identity. Therefore, there has been an orientation to the main reference sources that distinguish the Tajiks from the other peoples of the region. In this study, the process of national identity construction in Tajikistan was examined and the main reference sources of Tajiks were emphasized in this process. And the components of the Tajik national identity, built on the axis of language and history, were tried to be determined. In this context, the ethnic origin of Tajiks is discussed and the role of Tajik/Persian language in the identity construction process is examined. In addition, it was tried to determine what kind of path was followed in the identity construction process and which elements were determinative in the construction of the identity in question. In this study, it has been investigated which historical roots of Tajikistan's leading intellectuals in the process of identity construction and how historical identity is based on Great Khorasan. When the literature is examined, it is understood that two important factors, language and history, are decisive in the construction of Tajikistan's national identity. Tajikistan has historically based its roots on the Samani State, and it has been tried to build a bridge with the past by emphasizing the construction of an identity based on history and language. In the same way, it is aimed to raise national awareness about Tajik language and culture by focusing on Persian language.