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Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 23, 305 - 318, 30.03.2023

Dinçer Günay

https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1253104
Cited By: 1

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Albrecht, M. (1997). A History of Roman Literature From Livius Andronicus to Boethius. Vol. I. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
  • Alföldi, A. (1976). Redeunt Saturnia regna. V: Zum Gottesgnadentum des Sulla, Chiron, 0(6), 143-158.
  • Bayet, J. (1984). Histoire Politique et Psychologique de la Religion Romaine. Ed. Payot. Paris.
  • Baz, F. (1998). Roma İmparator Kültü. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). (Danışman: Prof. Dr. Bülent İplikçioğlu). İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Beard, M. (1990). Priesthood in the Roman Republic. (Ed. M. Beard & J. A. North). Pagan Priests: Religion and Power in the Ancient World İçinde (s. 17-48). Ithaca / New York.
  • Beard, M., North, J. & Price, S. (1998). Religions of Rome: Volume 1: A History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bianchi, E. (2010). Il Rex Sacrorum a Roma e Nell’Italia Antica. Milano.
  • Botsford, G. W. (1909). The Roman Assemblies from their Origin to the End of the Republic. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  • Broughton, T. R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol.1: 509 BC-100 BC. New York: American Philological Association.
  • Burrell, B. (2004). Neokoroi: Greek Cities and Roman Emperors. Boston: Brill.
  • Cassius Dio Cocceianus (1989). Dio’s Roman History, (Trans. E. Carry). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). De Senectute; De Amicitia; De Divinatione, (Trans. W. A. Falconer). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). Pro Archia, Post Reditum in Senatu, Post Reditum ad Quirites, De Domo Sua, De Haruspicum Responsis, Pro Plancio, (Trans. N. H. Watts). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1933). On the Nature of the Gods. Academics, (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (2000). De Legibus, (Trans. C.W. Keyes). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cumont, F. (1929). Les Religions Orientales Dans le Paganisme Romain. Paris: Paul Geuthner.
  • Cunningham, S. (2003). Divination for Beginners: Reading the Past, Present & Future. Minnesota: Llewellyn Worldwide Publishers.
  • Dinçol, A. (1982). Hititler. Görsel Anadolu Tarihi Ansiklopedisi 1İçinde (s. 17-120). İstanbul: Görsel Yayınları.
  • Dionysius of Halicarnassus (1937). Roman Antiquities, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. E. Cary). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Dumézil, G. (1996). Archaic Roman Religion, with an Appendix on the Religion of the Etruscans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Düll, R. (1972). Rechtsprobleme im Bereich des Römischen Sakralrechts. ANRW, 1(2), 283-294.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2003). Roma Dini. İstanbul: Türk Eskiçağ Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yayınları.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2011). Roma’nın Gizem Dinleri. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Erhat, A. (1993). Mitoloji Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Fantham, E. (2003). The Angry Poet and the Angry Gods: Problems of Theodicy in Lucan’s Epic of Defeat. (Ed. S. Braund & G. W. Most). Ancient Anger. Perspectives from Homer to Galen İçinde (s. 229–249). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Fowler, W. W. (1911). The Religious Experience of the Roman People, from the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus. London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume I: Books 1-5), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume II: Books 6-13), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Glare, P.G.W. (1968). Oxford Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hoffman, M. W. (1952). The College of Quindecimviri (Sacris Faciundis) in 17 B. C. The American Journal of Philology, 73(3), 289-294.
  • Jannot, J. R. (2005). Religion in Ancient Etruria. ABD: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Kent, R.G. (1913). The Vedic Path of the Gods and the Roman Pontifex. Classical Philology, 8(3), 317-326.
  • Kilgour, A. (1938). The Ambarvalia and the Sacrificivm Deae Diae. Mnemosyne, 6(3), 225-240.
  • Lintott, A. (1999). The Constitution of the Roman Republic. Clarendon Press.
  • Livius (1919). History of Rome, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1922). History of Rome, (Volume II: Books 3-4), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1924). History of Rome, (Volume III: Books 5-7), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1924.
  • Livius (2021). History of Rome, (Volume VIII: Books 28–30), (Ed & Trans. J. C. Yardley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • McGeough, K. (2004). The Romans: New Perspectives. Abc-Clio Publishers.
  • Mommsen, T. (1875). Römisches Staatsrecht 2. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Mommsen, T. (1887). Römisches Staatsrecht 3. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Morgan, G. M. (1974). Priests and Physical Fitness. The Classical Quarterly, 24(1), 137-141.
  • North, J. & Marincola, J. (2000). Roman Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Orlin, E. (1997). Temples, Religion, and Politics in the Roman Republic. Leiden: E.J. Bril.
  • Ovidius (1931). Fasti, (Trans. James G. Frazer; Düz. G. P. Goold). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Pauly-Wissowa. (1896). Real-Encyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Edited in Succession by Kroll). Mittelhaus and Ziegler.
  • Peck, H. T. (1896). Pontifex. Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. New York: Harper & Brothers.
  • Plinius (1950). Natural History, (Volume V: Books 17-19), (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Plutarkhos (1914). Lives I. Theseus and Romulus. Lycurgus and Numa. Solon and Publicola, (Trans. B. Perrin). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. London.
  • Rainer, J. M. (1997). Einführung in das römische Staatsrecht. Die Anfänge und die Republik. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
  • Rochberg, F. (2004). The Heavenly Writing: Divination, Horoscopy and Astronomy in Mesopotamian Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Rüpke, J. & Santangelo, F. (2017). Public Priests and Religious Innovation in Imperial Rome. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Rüpke, J. (2001). Die Religion der Römer. München: CHBeck.
  • Rüpke, J. (2018). Pantheon. A New History of Roman Religion, (Trans. D.M. B. Richardson). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Scullard, H. H. (1981). Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic. New York: Cornell University Press.
  • Spaeth, B. S. (1996). The Roman Goddess Ceres. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Suetonius (1914). Lives of the Caesar, (Volume I: Julius. Augustus. Tiberius. Gaius. Caligula), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe. Int. K. R. Bradley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Szemler, G. J. (1972). The Priests Of The Roman Republic. A Study Of Interactions Between Priesthoods And Magistracies. Bruxelles: Latomus.
  • Taylor, L. R. (1942). The Election of the Pontifex Maximus in the Late Republic. Classical Philology, 37(4), 421-424.
  • Turner, V. & Valuer, I. (1968). Religious Specialists: Sociological Study. (by. D. L. SILLS). International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, (Vol. 13) İçinde. New York.
  • Ünal, A. (2003). Hititler Devrinde Anadolu II. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Varro (1938). On the Latin Language, (Volume I: Books 5-7), (Trans. Roland G. Kent). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Walde, A. & Hoffman, J. B. (1954). Lateinisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, (Vol. 2), (3rd. Ed). Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung.
  • Wissowa, G. (1912). Religion und Kultus der Römer (Handbuch der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Vol. 4), (2nd Ed). München.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 23, 305 - 318, 30.03.2023

Dinçer Günay

https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1253104
Cited By: 1

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Albrecht, M. (1997). A History of Roman Literature From Livius Andronicus to Boethius. Vol. I. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
  • Alföldi, A. (1976). Redeunt Saturnia regna. V: Zum Gottesgnadentum des Sulla, Chiron, 0(6), 143-158.
  • Bayet, J. (1984). Histoire Politique et Psychologique de la Religion Romaine. Ed. Payot. Paris.
  • Baz, F. (1998). Roma İmparator Kültü. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). (Danışman: Prof. Dr. Bülent İplikçioğlu). İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Beard, M. (1990). Priesthood in the Roman Republic. (Ed. M. Beard & J. A. North). Pagan Priests: Religion and Power in the Ancient World İçinde (s. 17-48). Ithaca / New York.
  • Beard, M., North, J. & Price, S. (1998). Religions of Rome: Volume 1: A History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bianchi, E. (2010). Il Rex Sacrorum a Roma e Nell’Italia Antica. Milano.
  • Botsford, G. W. (1909). The Roman Assemblies from their Origin to the End of the Republic. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  • Broughton, T. R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol.1: 509 BC-100 BC. New York: American Philological Association.
  • Burrell, B. (2004). Neokoroi: Greek Cities and Roman Emperors. Boston: Brill.
  • Cassius Dio Cocceianus (1989). Dio’s Roman History, (Trans. E. Carry). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). De Senectute; De Amicitia; De Divinatione, (Trans. W. A. Falconer). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). Pro Archia, Post Reditum in Senatu, Post Reditum ad Quirites, De Domo Sua, De Haruspicum Responsis, Pro Plancio, (Trans. N. H. Watts). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1933). On the Nature of the Gods. Academics, (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (2000). De Legibus, (Trans. C.W. Keyes). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cumont, F. (1929). Les Religions Orientales Dans le Paganisme Romain. Paris: Paul Geuthner.
  • Cunningham, S. (2003). Divination for Beginners: Reading the Past, Present & Future. Minnesota: Llewellyn Worldwide Publishers.
  • Dinçol, A. (1982). Hititler. Görsel Anadolu Tarihi Ansiklopedisi 1İçinde (s. 17-120). İstanbul: Görsel Yayınları.
  • Dionysius of Halicarnassus (1937). Roman Antiquities, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. E. Cary). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Dumézil, G. (1996). Archaic Roman Religion, with an Appendix on the Religion of the Etruscans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Düll, R. (1972). Rechtsprobleme im Bereich des Römischen Sakralrechts. ANRW, 1(2), 283-294.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2003). Roma Dini. İstanbul: Türk Eskiçağ Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yayınları.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2011). Roma’nın Gizem Dinleri. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Erhat, A. (1993). Mitoloji Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Fantham, E. (2003). The Angry Poet and the Angry Gods: Problems of Theodicy in Lucan’s Epic of Defeat. (Ed. S. Braund & G. W. Most). Ancient Anger. Perspectives from Homer to Galen İçinde (s. 229–249). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Fowler, W. W. (1911). The Religious Experience of the Roman People, from the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus. London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume I: Books 1-5), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume II: Books 6-13), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Glare, P.G.W. (1968). Oxford Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hoffman, M. W. (1952). The College of Quindecimviri (Sacris Faciundis) in 17 B. C. The American Journal of Philology, 73(3), 289-294.
  • Jannot, J. R. (2005). Religion in Ancient Etruria. ABD: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Kent, R.G. (1913). The Vedic Path of the Gods and the Roman Pontifex. Classical Philology, 8(3), 317-326.
  • Kilgour, A. (1938). The Ambarvalia and the Sacrificivm Deae Diae. Mnemosyne, 6(3), 225-240.
  • Lintott, A. (1999). The Constitution of the Roman Republic. Clarendon Press.
  • Livius (1919). History of Rome, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1922). History of Rome, (Volume II: Books 3-4), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1924). History of Rome, (Volume III: Books 5-7), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1924.
  • Livius (2021). History of Rome, (Volume VIII: Books 28–30), (Ed & Trans. J. C. Yardley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • McGeough, K. (2004). The Romans: New Perspectives. Abc-Clio Publishers.
  • Mommsen, T. (1875). Römisches Staatsrecht 2. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Mommsen, T. (1887). Römisches Staatsrecht 3. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Morgan, G. M. (1974). Priests and Physical Fitness. The Classical Quarterly, 24(1), 137-141.
  • North, J. & Marincola, J. (2000). Roman Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Orlin, E. (1997). Temples, Religion, and Politics in the Roman Republic. Leiden: E.J. Bril.
  • Ovidius (1931). Fasti, (Trans. James G. Frazer; Düz. G. P. Goold). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Pauly-Wissowa. (1896). Real-Encyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Edited in Succession by Kroll). Mittelhaus and Ziegler.
  • Peck, H. T. (1896). Pontifex. Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. New York: Harper & Brothers.
  • Plinius (1950). Natural History, (Volume V: Books 17-19), (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Plutarkhos (1914). Lives I. Theseus and Romulus. Lycurgus and Numa. Solon and Publicola, (Trans. B. Perrin). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. London.
  • Rainer, J. M. (1997). Einführung in das römische Staatsrecht. Die Anfänge und die Republik. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
  • Rochberg, F. (2004). The Heavenly Writing: Divination, Horoscopy and Astronomy in Mesopotamian Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Rüpke, J. & Santangelo, F. (2017). Public Priests and Religious Innovation in Imperial Rome. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Rüpke, J. (2001). Die Religion der Römer. München: CHBeck.
  • Rüpke, J. (2018). Pantheon. A New History of Roman Religion, (Trans. D.M. B. Richardson). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Scullard, H. H. (1981). Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic. New York: Cornell University Press.
  • Spaeth, B. S. (1996). The Roman Goddess Ceres. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Suetonius (1914). Lives of the Caesar, (Volume I: Julius. Augustus. Tiberius. Gaius. Caligula), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe. Int. K. R. Bradley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Szemler, G. J. (1972). The Priests Of The Roman Republic. A Study Of Interactions Between Priesthoods And Magistracies. Bruxelles: Latomus.
  • Taylor, L. R. (1942). The Election of the Pontifex Maximus in the Late Republic. Classical Philology, 37(4), 421-424.
  • Turner, V. & Valuer, I. (1968). Religious Specialists: Sociological Study. (by. D. L. SILLS). International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, (Vol. 13) İçinde. New York.
  • Ünal, A. (2003). Hititler Devrinde Anadolu II. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Varro (1938). On the Latin Language, (Volume I: Books 5-7), (Trans. Roland G. Kent). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Walde, A. & Hoffman, J. B. (1954). Lateinisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, (Vol. 2), (3rd. Ed). Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung.
  • Wissowa, G. (1912). Religion und Kultus der Römer (Handbuch der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Vol. 4), (2nd Ed). München.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 23, 305 - 318, 30.03.2023

Dinçer Günay

https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1253104
Cited By: 1

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Albrecht, M. (1997). A History of Roman Literature From Livius Andronicus to Boethius. Vol. I. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
  • Alföldi, A. (1976). Redeunt Saturnia regna. V: Zum Gottesgnadentum des Sulla, Chiron, 0(6), 143-158.
  • Bayet, J. (1984). Histoire Politique et Psychologique de la Religion Romaine. Ed. Payot. Paris.
  • Baz, F. (1998). Roma İmparator Kültü. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). (Danışman: Prof. Dr. Bülent İplikçioğlu). İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Beard, M. (1990). Priesthood in the Roman Republic. (Ed. M. Beard & J. A. North). Pagan Priests: Religion and Power in the Ancient World İçinde (s. 17-48). Ithaca / New York.
  • Beard, M., North, J. & Price, S. (1998). Religions of Rome: Volume 1: A History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bianchi, E. (2010). Il Rex Sacrorum a Roma e Nell’Italia Antica. Milano.
  • Botsford, G. W. (1909). The Roman Assemblies from their Origin to the End of the Republic. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  • Broughton, T. R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol.1: 509 BC-100 BC. New York: American Philological Association.
  • Burrell, B. (2004). Neokoroi: Greek Cities and Roman Emperors. Boston: Brill.
  • Cassius Dio Cocceianus (1989). Dio’s Roman History, (Trans. E. Carry). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). De Senectute; De Amicitia; De Divinatione, (Trans. W. A. Falconer). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). Pro Archia, Post Reditum in Senatu, Post Reditum ad Quirites, De Domo Sua, De Haruspicum Responsis, Pro Plancio, (Trans. N. H. Watts). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1933). On the Nature of the Gods. Academics, (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (2000). De Legibus, (Trans. C.W. Keyes). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cumont, F. (1929). Les Religions Orientales Dans le Paganisme Romain. Paris: Paul Geuthner.
  • Cunningham, S. (2003). Divination for Beginners: Reading the Past, Present & Future. Minnesota: Llewellyn Worldwide Publishers.
  • Dinçol, A. (1982). Hititler. Görsel Anadolu Tarihi Ansiklopedisi 1İçinde (s. 17-120). İstanbul: Görsel Yayınları.
  • Dionysius of Halicarnassus (1937). Roman Antiquities, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. E. Cary). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Dumézil, G. (1996). Archaic Roman Religion, with an Appendix on the Religion of the Etruscans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Düll, R. (1972). Rechtsprobleme im Bereich des Römischen Sakralrechts. ANRW, 1(2), 283-294.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2003). Roma Dini. İstanbul: Türk Eskiçağ Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yayınları.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2011). Roma’nın Gizem Dinleri. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Erhat, A. (1993). Mitoloji Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Fantham, E. (2003). The Angry Poet and the Angry Gods: Problems of Theodicy in Lucan’s Epic of Defeat. (Ed. S. Braund & G. W. Most). Ancient Anger. Perspectives from Homer to Galen İçinde (s. 229–249). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Fowler, W. W. (1911). The Religious Experience of the Roman People, from the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus. London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume I: Books 1-5), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume II: Books 6-13), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Glare, P.G.W. (1968). Oxford Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hoffman, M. W. (1952). The College of Quindecimviri (Sacris Faciundis) in 17 B. C. The American Journal of Philology, 73(3), 289-294.
  • Jannot, J. R. (2005). Religion in Ancient Etruria. ABD: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Kent, R.G. (1913). The Vedic Path of the Gods and the Roman Pontifex. Classical Philology, 8(3), 317-326.
  • Kilgour, A. (1938). The Ambarvalia and the Sacrificivm Deae Diae. Mnemosyne, 6(3), 225-240.
  • Lintott, A. (1999). The Constitution of the Roman Republic. Clarendon Press.
  • Livius (1919). History of Rome, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1922). History of Rome, (Volume II: Books 3-4), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1924). History of Rome, (Volume III: Books 5-7), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1924.
  • Livius (2021). History of Rome, (Volume VIII: Books 28–30), (Ed & Trans. J. C. Yardley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • McGeough, K. (2004). The Romans: New Perspectives. Abc-Clio Publishers.
  • Mommsen, T. (1875). Römisches Staatsrecht 2. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Mommsen, T. (1887). Römisches Staatsrecht 3. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Morgan, G. M. (1974). Priests and Physical Fitness. The Classical Quarterly, 24(1), 137-141.
  • North, J. & Marincola, J. (2000). Roman Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Orlin, E. (1997). Temples, Religion, and Politics in the Roman Republic. Leiden: E.J. Bril.
  • Ovidius (1931). Fasti, (Trans. James G. Frazer; Düz. G. P. Goold). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Pauly-Wissowa. (1896). Real-Encyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Edited in Succession by Kroll). Mittelhaus and Ziegler.
  • Peck, H. T. (1896). Pontifex. Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. New York: Harper & Brothers.
  • Plinius (1950). Natural History, (Volume V: Books 17-19), (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Plutarkhos (1914). Lives I. Theseus and Romulus. Lycurgus and Numa. Solon and Publicola, (Trans. B. Perrin). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. London.
  • Rainer, J. M. (1997). Einführung in das römische Staatsrecht. Die Anfänge und die Republik. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
  • Rochberg, F. (2004). The Heavenly Writing: Divination, Horoscopy and Astronomy in Mesopotamian Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Rüpke, J. & Santangelo, F. (2017). Public Priests and Religious Innovation in Imperial Rome. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Rüpke, J. (2001). Die Religion der Römer. München: CHBeck.
  • Rüpke, J. (2018). Pantheon. A New History of Roman Religion, (Trans. D.M. B. Richardson). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Scullard, H. H. (1981). Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic. New York: Cornell University Press.
  • Spaeth, B. S. (1996). The Roman Goddess Ceres. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Suetonius (1914). Lives of the Caesar, (Volume I: Julius. Augustus. Tiberius. Gaius. Caligula), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe. Int. K. R. Bradley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Szemler, G. J. (1972). The Priests Of The Roman Republic. A Study Of Interactions Between Priesthoods And Magistracies. Bruxelles: Latomus.
  • Taylor, L. R. (1942). The Election of the Pontifex Maximus in the Late Republic. Classical Philology, 37(4), 421-424.
  • Turner, V. & Valuer, I. (1968). Religious Specialists: Sociological Study. (by. D. L. SILLS). International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, (Vol. 13) İçinde. New York.
  • Ünal, A. (2003). Hititler Devrinde Anadolu II. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Varro (1938). On the Latin Language, (Volume I: Books 5-7), (Trans. Roland G. Kent). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Walde, A. & Hoffman, J. B. (1954). Lateinisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, (Vol. 2), (3rd. Ed). Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung.
  • Wissowa, G. (1912). Religion und Kultus der Römer (Handbuch der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Vol. 4), (2nd Ed). München.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 23, 305 - 318, 30.03.2023

Dinçer Günay

https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1253104
Cited By: 1

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Albrecht, M. (1997). A History of Roman Literature From Livius Andronicus to Boethius. Vol. I. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
  • Alföldi, A. (1976). Redeunt Saturnia regna. V: Zum Gottesgnadentum des Sulla, Chiron, 0(6), 143-158.
  • Bayet, J. (1984). Histoire Politique et Psychologique de la Religion Romaine. Ed. Payot. Paris.
  • Baz, F. (1998). Roma İmparator Kültü. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). (Danışman: Prof. Dr. Bülent İplikçioğlu). İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Beard, M. (1990). Priesthood in the Roman Republic. (Ed. M. Beard & J. A. North). Pagan Priests: Religion and Power in the Ancient World İçinde (s. 17-48). Ithaca / New York.
  • Beard, M., North, J. & Price, S. (1998). Religions of Rome: Volume 1: A History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bianchi, E. (2010). Il Rex Sacrorum a Roma e Nell’Italia Antica. Milano.
  • Botsford, G. W. (1909). The Roman Assemblies from their Origin to the End of the Republic. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  • Broughton, T. R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol.1: 509 BC-100 BC. New York: American Philological Association.
  • Burrell, B. (2004). Neokoroi: Greek Cities and Roman Emperors. Boston: Brill.
  • Cassius Dio Cocceianus (1989). Dio’s Roman History, (Trans. E. Carry). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). De Senectute; De Amicitia; De Divinatione, (Trans. W. A. Falconer). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). Pro Archia, Post Reditum in Senatu, Post Reditum ad Quirites, De Domo Sua, De Haruspicum Responsis, Pro Plancio, (Trans. N. H. Watts). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1933). On the Nature of the Gods. Academics, (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (2000). De Legibus, (Trans. C.W. Keyes). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cumont, F. (1929). Les Religions Orientales Dans le Paganisme Romain. Paris: Paul Geuthner.
  • Cunningham, S. (2003). Divination for Beginners: Reading the Past, Present & Future. Minnesota: Llewellyn Worldwide Publishers.
  • Dinçol, A. (1982). Hititler. Görsel Anadolu Tarihi Ansiklopedisi 1İçinde (s. 17-120). İstanbul: Görsel Yayınları.
  • Dionysius of Halicarnassus (1937). Roman Antiquities, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. E. Cary). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Dumézil, G. (1996). Archaic Roman Religion, with an Appendix on the Religion of the Etruscans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Düll, R. (1972). Rechtsprobleme im Bereich des Römischen Sakralrechts. ANRW, 1(2), 283-294.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2003). Roma Dini. İstanbul: Türk Eskiçağ Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yayınları.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2011). Roma’nın Gizem Dinleri. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Erhat, A. (1993). Mitoloji Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Fantham, E. (2003). The Angry Poet and the Angry Gods: Problems of Theodicy in Lucan’s Epic of Defeat. (Ed. S. Braund & G. W. Most). Ancient Anger. Perspectives from Homer to Galen İçinde (s. 229–249). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Fowler, W. W. (1911). The Religious Experience of the Roman People, from the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus. London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume I: Books 1-5), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume II: Books 6-13), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Glare, P.G.W. (1968). Oxford Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hoffman, M. W. (1952). The College of Quindecimviri (Sacris Faciundis) in 17 B. C. The American Journal of Philology, 73(3), 289-294.
  • Jannot, J. R. (2005). Religion in Ancient Etruria. ABD: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Kent, R.G. (1913). The Vedic Path of the Gods and the Roman Pontifex. Classical Philology, 8(3), 317-326.
  • Kilgour, A. (1938). The Ambarvalia and the Sacrificivm Deae Diae. Mnemosyne, 6(3), 225-240.
  • Lintott, A. (1999). The Constitution of the Roman Republic. Clarendon Press.
  • Livius (1919). History of Rome, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1922). History of Rome, (Volume II: Books 3-4), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1924). History of Rome, (Volume III: Books 5-7), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1924.
  • Livius (2021). History of Rome, (Volume VIII: Books 28–30), (Ed & Trans. J. C. Yardley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • McGeough, K. (2004). The Romans: New Perspectives. Abc-Clio Publishers.
  • Mommsen, T. (1875). Römisches Staatsrecht 2. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Mommsen, T. (1887). Römisches Staatsrecht 3. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Morgan, G. M. (1974). Priests and Physical Fitness. The Classical Quarterly, 24(1), 137-141.
  • North, J. & Marincola, J. (2000). Roman Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Orlin, E. (1997). Temples, Religion, and Politics in the Roman Republic. Leiden: E.J. Bril.
  • Ovidius (1931). Fasti, (Trans. James G. Frazer; Düz. G. P. Goold). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Pauly-Wissowa. (1896). Real-Encyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Edited in Succession by Kroll). Mittelhaus and Ziegler.
  • Peck, H. T. (1896). Pontifex. Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. New York: Harper & Brothers.
  • Plinius (1950). Natural History, (Volume V: Books 17-19), (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Plutarkhos (1914). Lives I. Theseus and Romulus. Lycurgus and Numa. Solon and Publicola, (Trans. B. Perrin). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. London.
  • Rainer, J. M. (1997). Einführung in das römische Staatsrecht. Die Anfänge und die Republik. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
  • Rochberg, F. (2004). The Heavenly Writing: Divination, Horoscopy and Astronomy in Mesopotamian Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Rüpke, J. & Santangelo, F. (2017). Public Priests and Religious Innovation in Imperial Rome. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Rüpke, J. (2001). Die Religion der Römer. München: CHBeck.
  • Rüpke, J. (2018). Pantheon. A New History of Roman Religion, (Trans. D.M. B. Richardson). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Scullard, H. H. (1981). Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic. New York: Cornell University Press.
  • Spaeth, B. S. (1996). The Roman Goddess Ceres. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Suetonius (1914). Lives of the Caesar, (Volume I: Julius. Augustus. Tiberius. Gaius. Caligula), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe. Int. K. R. Bradley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Szemler, G. J. (1972). The Priests Of The Roman Republic. A Study Of Interactions Between Priesthoods And Magistracies. Bruxelles: Latomus.
  • Taylor, L. R. (1942). The Election of the Pontifex Maximus in the Late Republic. Classical Philology, 37(4), 421-424.
  • Turner, V. & Valuer, I. (1968). Religious Specialists: Sociological Study. (by. D. L. SILLS). International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, (Vol. 13) İçinde. New York.
  • Ünal, A. (2003). Hititler Devrinde Anadolu II. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Varro (1938). On the Latin Language, (Volume I: Books 5-7), (Trans. Roland G. Kent). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Walde, A. & Hoffman, J. B. (1954). Lateinisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, (Vol. 2), (3rd. Ed). Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung.
  • Wissowa, G. (1912). Religion und Kultus der Römer (Handbuch der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Vol. 4), (2nd Ed). München.

ESKİ ROMA CUMHURİYETİ’NDE RAHİPLİK KURUMU

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 23, 305 - 318, 30.03.2023

Dinçer Günay

https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1253104
Cited By: 1

Öz

Eski Roma Cumhuriyet Dönemi devlet dininin varoluş nedeni devletin tanrılarla barışık (pax deum) olmasını sağlamaktır. Toplumun tamamını ilgilendiren sorunlar ortaya çıktığı zaman, tanrıların neye öfkelendiğini (ira deum) öğrenmek ve bu öfkeyi yatıştırmak için gerekli önlemlerin alınması gerekmektedir. Bu sebeple devlet yönetiminden sorumlu kişi ve kurumlar atacakları her adımdan önce tanrılara danışırlar ve onların onayını alırlardı. Romalılar, kendilerini sıkıntı içerisinde gördükleri zaman bunun sebebinin tanrıların dostluğunun ve lütfunun eksikliğinden kaynaklandığını düşünürlerdi. Romalılar için devletin ve toplumun esenliği insanlarla tanrılar arasında bir sorun olmamasına bağlıydı. Bu sebeple, tanrıların lütfunu kazanmak için oldukça dikkatli bir şekilde ritüeller düzenlenirdi. Tanrıların öfkelerinin nedenlerini anlamak, teskin etmek ve yapılacak ibadetleri yönetmek gibi faaliyetlerde ise en önemli rol rahiplere ve rahip kurullarına aitti. Rahiplerin başlıca sorumluluğu Roma devletinin varlığını ve bütünlüğünü korumak ve tüm vatandaşların çeşitli inanç ve faaliyetlerini kontrol etmektir. Rahipler ayrıca senatus’a ve magistratus’lara gerektiğinde dini konularda tavsiyelerde bulunurlardı. Eski Roma Cumhuriyeti inanç sisteminde çok sayıda tanrı ve tanrıça vardı. Roma rahipleri bu tanrıların kutsallığına inanır ve bu tanrılar için düzenlenen ritüellerini yönetirlerdi. Ayrıca Roma rahipleri, halkın tanrılarına tapınmalarını ve onlara saygı göstermelerini de sağlardı. Bu bakımdan Eski Roma Cumhuriyeti’nde rahipler, toplumunun dini ve kültürel yaşamında önemli bir rol oynamışlar ve toplumunun dinsel liderleri olarak görülmüşlerdir. Rahipler, Roma devlet dininin çok tanrılı yapısına uygun olarak yapılacak ritüellerin düzenlenmesi ve denetlenmesi için birçok kurul (collegia) oluşturmuşlardı. Roma’da rahip kurulları ve bunların üye sayıları Cumhuriyet Dönemi süresince çeşitli değişiklikler göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eski Roma Cumhuriyeti Rahip Kurulları Roma Dini Ritüel Kült

Kaynakça

  • Albrecht, M. (1997). A History of Roman Literature From Livius Andronicus to Boethius. Vol. I. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
  • Alföldi, A. (1976). Redeunt Saturnia regna. V: Zum Gottesgnadentum des Sulla, Chiron, 0(6), 143-158.
  • Bayet, J. (1984). Histoire Politique et Psychologique de la Religion Romaine. Ed. Payot. Paris.
  • Baz, F. (1998). Roma İmparator Kültü. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). (Danışman: Prof. Dr. Bülent İplikçioğlu). İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Beard, M. (1990). Priesthood in the Roman Republic. (Ed. M. Beard & J. A. North). Pagan Priests: Religion and Power in the Ancient World İçinde (s. 17-48). Ithaca / New York.
  • Beard, M., North, J. & Price, S. (1998). Religions of Rome: Volume 1: A History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bianchi, E. (2010). Il Rex Sacrorum a Roma e Nell’Italia Antica. Milano.
  • Botsford, G. W. (1909). The Roman Assemblies from their Origin to the End of the Republic. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  • Broughton, T. R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol.1: 509 BC-100 BC. New York: American Philological Association.
  • Burrell, B. (2004). Neokoroi: Greek Cities and Roman Emperors. Boston: Brill.
  • Cassius Dio Cocceianus (1989). Dio’s Roman History, (Trans. E. Carry). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). De Senectute; De Amicitia; De Divinatione, (Trans. W. A. Falconer). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). Pro Archia, Post Reditum in Senatu, Post Reditum ad Quirites, De Domo Sua, De Haruspicum Responsis, Pro Plancio, (Trans. N. H. Watts). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1933). On the Nature of the Gods. Academics, (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (2000). De Legibus, (Trans. C.W. Keyes). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cumont, F. (1929). Les Religions Orientales Dans le Paganisme Romain. Paris: Paul Geuthner.
  • Cunningham, S. (2003). Divination for Beginners: Reading the Past, Present & Future. Minnesota: Llewellyn Worldwide Publishers.
  • Dinçol, A. (1982). Hititler. Görsel Anadolu Tarihi Ansiklopedisi 1İçinde (s. 17-120). İstanbul: Görsel Yayınları.
  • Dionysius of Halicarnassus (1937). Roman Antiquities, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. E. Cary). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Dumézil, G. (1996). Archaic Roman Religion, with an Appendix on the Religion of the Etruscans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Düll, R. (1972). Rechtsprobleme im Bereich des Römischen Sakralrechts. ANRW, 1(2), 283-294.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2003). Roma Dini. İstanbul: Türk Eskiçağ Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yayınları.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2011). Roma’nın Gizem Dinleri. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Erhat, A. (1993). Mitoloji Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Fantham, E. (2003). The Angry Poet and the Angry Gods: Problems of Theodicy in Lucan’s Epic of Defeat. (Ed. S. Braund & G. W. Most). Ancient Anger. Perspectives from Homer to Galen İçinde (s. 229–249). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Fowler, W. W. (1911). The Religious Experience of the Roman People, from the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus. London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume I: Books 1-5), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume II: Books 6-13), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Glare, P.G.W. (1968). Oxford Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hoffman, M. W. (1952). The College of Quindecimviri (Sacris Faciundis) in 17 B. C. The American Journal of Philology, 73(3), 289-294.
  • Jannot, J. R. (2005). Religion in Ancient Etruria. ABD: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Kent, R.G. (1913). The Vedic Path of the Gods and the Roman Pontifex. Classical Philology, 8(3), 317-326.
  • Kilgour, A. (1938). The Ambarvalia and the Sacrificivm Deae Diae. Mnemosyne, 6(3), 225-240.
  • Lintott, A. (1999). The Constitution of the Roman Republic. Clarendon Press.
  • Livius (1919). History of Rome, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1922). History of Rome, (Volume II: Books 3-4), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1924). History of Rome, (Volume III: Books 5-7), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1924.
  • Livius (2021). History of Rome, (Volume VIII: Books 28–30), (Ed & Trans. J. C. Yardley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • McGeough, K. (2004). The Romans: New Perspectives. Abc-Clio Publishers.
  • Mommsen, T. (1875). Römisches Staatsrecht 2. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Mommsen, T. (1887). Römisches Staatsrecht 3. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Morgan, G. M. (1974). Priests and Physical Fitness. The Classical Quarterly, 24(1), 137-141.
  • North, J. & Marincola, J. (2000). Roman Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Orlin, E. (1997). Temples, Religion, and Politics in the Roman Republic. Leiden: E.J. Bril.
  • Ovidius (1931). Fasti, (Trans. James G. Frazer; Düz. G. P. Goold). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Pauly-Wissowa. (1896). Real-Encyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Edited in Succession by Kroll). Mittelhaus and Ziegler.
  • Peck, H. T. (1896). Pontifex. Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. New York: Harper & Brothers.
  • Plinius (1950). Natural History, (Volume V: Books 17-19), (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Plutarkhos (1914). Lives I. Theseus and Romulus. Lycurgus and Numa. Solon and Publicola, (Trans. B. Perrin). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. London.
  • Rainer, J. M. (1997). Einführung in das römische Staatsrecht. Die Anfänge und die Republik. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
  • Rochberg, F. (2004). The Heavenly Writing: Divination, Horoscopy and Astronomy in Mesopotamian Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Rüpke, J. & Santangelo, F. (2017). Public Priests and Religious Innovation in Imperial Rome. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Rüpke, J. (2001). Die Religion der Römer. München: CHBeck.
  • Rüpke, J. (2018). Pantheon. A New History of Roman Religion, (Trans. D.M. B. Richardson). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Scullard, H. H. (1981). Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic. New York: Cornell University Press.
  • Spaeth, B. S. (1996). The Roman Goddess Ceres. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Suetonius (1914). Lives of the Caesar, (Volume I: Julius. Augustus. Tiberius. Gaius. Caligula), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe. Int. K. R. Bradley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Szemler, G. J. (1972). The Priests Of The Roman Republic. A Study Of Interactions Between Priesthoods And Magistracies. Bruxelles: Latomus.
  • Taylor, L. R. (1942). The Election of the Pontifex Maximus in the Late Republic. Classical Philology, 37(4), 421-424.
  • Turner, V. & Valuer, I. (1968). Religious Specialists: Sociological Study. (by. D. L. SILLS). International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, (Vol. 13) İçinde. New York.
  • Ünal, A. (2003). Hititler Devrinde Anadolu II. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Varro (1938). On the Latin Language, (Volume I: Books 5-7), (Trans. Roland G. Kent). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Walde, A. & Hoffman, J. B. (1954). Lateinisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, (Vol. 2), (3rd. Ed). Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung.
  • Wissowa, G. (1912). Religion und Kultus der Römer (Handbuch der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Vol. 4), (2nd Ed). München.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 23, 305 - 318, 30.03.2023

Dinçer Günay

https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1253104
Cited By: 1

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Albrecht, M. (1997). A History of Roman Literature From Livius Andronicus to Boethius. Vol. I. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
  • Alföldi, A. (1976). Redeunt Saturnia regna. V: Zum Gottesgnadentum des Sulla, Chiron, 0(6), 143-158.
  • Bayet, J. (1984). Histoire Politique et Psychologique de la Religion Romaine. Ed. Payot. Paris.
  • Baz, F. (1998). Roma İmparator Kültü. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). (Danışman: Prof. Dr. Bülent İplikçioğlu). İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Beard, M. (1990). Priesthood in the Roman Republic. (Ed. M. Beard & J. A. North). Pagan Priests: Religion and Power in the Ancient World İçinde (s. 17-48). Ithaca / New York.
  • Beard, M., North, J. & Price, S. (1998). Religions of Rome: Volume 1: A History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bianchi, E. (2010). Il Rex Sacrorum a Roma e Nell’Italia Antica. Milano.
  • Botsford, G. W. (1909). The Roman Assemblies from their Origin to the End of the Republic. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  • Broughton, T. R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol.1: 509 BC-100 BC. New York: American Philological Association.
  • Burrell, B. (2004). Neokoroi: Greek Cities and Roman Emperors. Boston: Brill.
  • Cassius Dio Cocceianus (1989). Dio’s Roman History, (Trans. E. Carry). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). De Senectute; De Amicitia; De Divinatione, (Trans. W. A. Falconer). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1923). Pro Archia, Post Reditum in Senatu, Post Reditum ad Quirites, De Domo Sua, De Haruspicum Responsis, Pro Plancio, (Trans. N. H. Watts). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (1933). On the Nature of the Gods. Academics, (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicero (2000). De Legibus, (Trans. C.W. Keyes). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cumont, F. (1929). Les Religions Orientales Dans le Paganisme Romain. Paris: Paul Geuthner.
  • Cunningham, S. (2003). Divination for Beginners: Reading the Past, Present & Future. Minnesota: Llewellyn Worldwide Publishers.
  • Dinçol, A. (1982). Hititler. Görsel Anadolu Tarihi Ansiklopedisi 1İçinde (s. 17-120). İstanbul: Görsel Yayınları.
  • Dionysius of Halicarnassus (1937). Roman Antiquities, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. E. Cary). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Dumézil, G. (1996). Archaic Roman Religion, with an Appendix on the Religion of the Etruscans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Düll, R. (1972). Rechtsprobleme im Bereich des Römischen Sakralrechts. ANRW, 1(2), 283-294.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2003). Roma Dini. İstanbul: Türk Eskiçağ Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yayınları.
  • Dürüşken, Ç. (2011). Roma’nın Gizem Dinleri. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Erhat, A. (1993). Mitoloji Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Fantham, E. (2003). The Angry Poet and the Angry Gods: Problems of Theodicy in Lucan’s Epic of Defeat. (Ed. S. Braund & G. W. Most). Ancient Anger. Perspectives from Homer to Galen İçinde (s. 229–249). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Fowler, W. W. (1911). The Religious Experience of the Roman People, from the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus. London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume I: Books 1-5), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume II: Books 6-13), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Glare, P.G.W. (1968). Oxford Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hoffman, M. W. (1952). The College of Quindecimviri (Sacris Faciundis) in 17 B. C. The American Journal of Philology, 73(3), 289-294.
  • Jannot, J. R. (2005). Religion in Ancient Etruria. ABD: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Kent, R.G. (1913). The Vedic Path of the Gods and the Roman Pontifex. Classical Philology, 8(3), 317-326.
  • Kilgour, A. (1938). The Ambarvalia and the Sacrificivm Deae Diae. Mnemosyne, 6(3), 225-240.
  • Lintott, A. (1999). The Constitution of the Roman Republic. Clarendon Press.
  • Livius (1919). History of Rome, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1922). History of Rome, (Volume II: Books 3-4), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1924). History of Rome, (Volume III: Books 5-7), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1924.
  • Livius (2021). History of Rome, (Volume VIII: Books 28–30), (Ed & Trans. J. C. Yardley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • McGeough, K. (2004). The Romans: New Perspectives. Abc-Clio Publishers.
  • Mommsen, T. (1875). Römisches Staatsrecht 2. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Mommsen, T. (1887). Römisches Staatsrecht 3. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Morgan, G. M. (1974). Priests and Physical Fitness. The Classical Quarterly, 24(1), 137-141.
  • North, J. & Marincola, J. (2000). Roman Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Orlin, E. (1997). Temples, Religion, and Politics in the Roman Republic. Leiden: E.J. Bril.
  • Ovidius (1931). Fasti, (Trans. James G. Frazer; Düz. G. P. Goold). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Pauly-Wissowa. (1896). Real-Encyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Edited in Succession by Kroll). Mittelhaus and Ziegler.
  • Peck, H. T. (1896). Pontifex. Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. New York: Harper & Brothers.
  • Plinius (1950). Natural History, (Volume V: Books 17-19), (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Plutarkhos (1914). Lives I. Theseus and Romulus. Lycurgus and Numa. Solon and Publicola, (Trans. B. Perrin). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. London.
  • Rainer, J. M. (1997). Einführung in das römische Staatsrecht. Die Anfänge und die Republik. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
  • Rochberg, F. (2004). The Heavenly Writing: Divination, Horoscopy and Astronomy in Mesopotamian Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Rüpke, J. & Santangelo, F. (2017). Public Priests and Religious Innovation in Imperial Rome. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Rüpke, J. (2001). Die Religion der Römer. München: CHBeck.
  • Rüpke, J. (2018). Pantheon. A New History of Roman Religion, (Trans. D.M. B. Richardson). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Scullard, H. H. (1981). Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic. New York: Cornell University Press.
  • Spaeth, B. S. (1996). The Roman Goddess Ceres. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Suetonius (1914). Lives of the Caesar, (Volume I: Julius. Augustus. Tiberius. Gaius. Caligula), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe. Int. K. R. Bradley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Szemler, G. J. (1972). The Priests Of The Roman Republic. A Study Of Interactions Between Priesthoods And Magistracies. Bruxelles: Latomus.
  • Taylor, L. R. (1942). The Election of the Pontifex Maximus in the Late Republic. Classical Philology, 37(4), 421-424.
  • Turner, V. & Valuer, I. (1968). Religious Specialists: Sociological Study. (by. D. L. SILLS). International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, (Vol. 13) İçinde. New York.
  • Ünal, A. (2003). Hititler Devrinde Anadolu II. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Varro (1938). On the Latin Language, (Volume I: Books 5-7), (Trans. Roland G. Kent). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Walde, A. & Hoffman, J. B. (1954). Lateinisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, (Vol. 2), (3rd. Ed). Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung.
  • Wissowa, G. (1912). Religion und Kultus der Römer (Handbuch der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Vol. 4), (2nd Ed). München.

THE INSTITUTION OF THE PRIESTHOOD IN THE ANCIENT ROMAN REPUBLIC

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 23, 305 - 318, 30.03.2023

Dinçer Günay

https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1253104
Cited By: 1

Öz

The reason for the existence of the state religion of the Ancient Roman Republic Period was to ensure that the state was at peace with the gods (pax deum). When problems about the whole society arise, it is necessary to learn what the gods are angry with (ira deum) and to take necessary measures to calm this anger. For this reason, people and institutions responsible for state administration would consult the gods and get their approval before every step they would take. When the Romans saw themselves in distress, they thought it was due to a lack of friendship and grace from the gods. For the Romans, the well-being of the state and society depended on the absence of conflict between humans and gods. For this reason, rituals were carefully organized to gain the favor of the gods. In activities such as understanding the causes of the gods’ anger, appeasing and administering the worship services, the most important role belonged to the priests and colleges of priests. The main responsibility of the priests is to protect the existence and integrity of the Roman state and to control the various beliefs and activities of all citizens. Priests also advised the senate and magistrates on religious matters when necessary. There were many gods and goddesses in the belief system of the Ancient Roman Republic. Roman priests believed in the holiness of these gods and conducted rituals for these gods. Roman priests also ensured that the people worshipped and honoured their gods. In this respect, priests in the Ancient Roman Republic played an important role in the religious and cultural life of the society and were regarded as religious leaders of the society. The priests had formed many colleges (collegia) for the regulation and supervision of the rituals to be performed in accordance with the polytheistic structure of the Roman state religion. Colleges of priests in Rome and the number of their members showed various changes during the Republican Period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ancient Roman Republic Colleges of Priests Roman Religion Ritual Cult

Kaynakça

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  • Erhat, A. (1993). Mitoloji Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Fantham, E. (2003). The Angry Poet and the Angry Gods: Problems of Theodicy in Lucan’s Epic of Defeat. (Ed. S. Braund & G. W. Most). Ancient Anger. Perspectives from Homer to Galen İçinde (s. 229–249). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Fowler, W. W. (1911). The Religious Experience of the Roman People, from the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus. London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume I: Books 1-5), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Gellius (1927). Attic Nights, (Volume II: Books 6-13), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Glare, P.G.W. (1968). Oxford Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hoffman, M. W. (1952). The College of Quindecimviri (Sacris Faciundis) in 17 B. C. The American Journal of Philology, 73(3), 289-294.
  • Jannot, J. R. (2005). Religion in Ancient Etruria. ABD: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Kent, R.G. (1913). The Vedic Path of the Gods and the Roman Pontifex. Classical Philology, 8(3), 317-326.
  • Kilgour, A. (1938). The Ambarvalia and the Sacrificivm Deae Diae. Mnemosyne, 6(3), 225-240.
  • Lintott, A. (1999). The Constitution of the Roman Republic. Clarendon Press.
  • Livius (1919). History of Rome, (Volume I: Books 1-2), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1922). History of Rome, (Volume II: Books 3-4), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Livius (1924). History of Rome, (Volume III: Books 5-7), (Trans. B. O. Foster). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1924.
  • Livius (2021). History of Rome, (Volume VIII: Books 28–30), (Ed & Trans. J. C. Yardley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • McGeough, K. (2004). The Romans: New Perspectives. Abc-Clio Publishers.
  • Mommsen, T. (1875). Römisches Staatsrecht 2. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Mommsen, T. (1887). Römisches Staatsrecht 3. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel.
  • Morgan, G. M. (1974). Priests and Physical Fitness. The Classical Quarterly, 24(1), 137-141.
  • North, J. & Marincola, J. (2000). Roman Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Orlin, E. (1997). Temples, Religion, and Politics in the Roman Republic. Leiden: E.J. Bril.
  • Ovidius (1931). Fasti, (Trans. James G. Frazer; Düz. G. P. Goold). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Pauly-Wissowa. (1896). Real-Encyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Edited in Succession by Kroll). Mittelhaus and Ziegler.
  • Peck, H. T. (1896). Pontifex. Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. New York: Harper & Brothers.
  • Plinius (1950). Natural History, (Volume V: Books 17-19), (Trans. H. Rackham). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Plutarkhos (1914). Lives I. Theseus and Romulus. Lycurgus and Numa. Solon and Publicola, (Trans. B. Perrin). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. London.
  • Rainer, J. M. (1997). Einführung in das römische Staatsrecht. Die Anfänge und die Republik. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
  • Rochberg, F. (2004). The Heavenly Writing: Divination, Horoscopy and Astronomy in Mesopotamian Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Rüpke, J. & Santangelo, F. (2017). Public Priests and Religious Innovation in Imperial Rome. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Rüpke, J. (2001). Die Religion der Römer. München: CHBeck.
  • Rüpke, J. (2018). Pantheon. A New History of Roman Religion, (Trans. D.M. B. Richardson). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Scullard, H. H. (1981). Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic. New York: Cornell University Press.
  • Spaeth, B. S. (1996). The Roman Goddess Ceres. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Suetonius (1914). Lives of the Caesar, (Volume I: Julius. Augustus. Tiberius. Gaius. Caligula), (Trans. J. C. Rolfe. Int. K. R. Bradley). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Szemler, G. J. (1972). The Priests Of The Roman Republic. A Study Of Interactions Between Priesthoods And Magistracies. Bruxelles: Latomus.
  • Taylor, L. R. (1942). The Election of the Pontifex Maximus in the Late Republic. Classical Philology, 37(4), 421-424.
  • Turner, V. & Valuer, I. (1968). Religious Specialists: Sociological Study. (by. D. L. SILLS). International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, (Vol. 13) İçinde. New York.
  • Ünal, A. (2003). Hititler Devrinde Anadolu II. İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Varro (1938). On the Latin Language, (Volume I: Books 5-7), (Trans. Roland G. Kent). Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Walde, A. & Hoffman, J. B. (1954). Lateinisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, (Vol. 2), (3rd. Ed). Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung.
  • Wissowa, G. (1912). Religion und Kultus der Römer (Handbuch der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, (Vol. 4), (2nd Ed). München.
Toplam 64 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Dinçer Günay 0000-0003-1424-7971

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mart 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 23

Kaynak Göster

APA Günay, D. (2023). ESKİ ROMA CUMHURİYETİ’NDE RAHİPLİK KURUMU. Asya Studies, 7(23), 305-318. https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.1253104

Cited By

Antik Dünya’da Ateizm
AKRA Kültür Sanat ve Edebiyat Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.31126/akrajournal.1344627
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