EVALUATION OF THE CYTOTOXICITY OF MATERIALS USED IN ORTHODONTICS

Öz

The defining the cytotoxicity of dental materials is of great important to ensure the safe treatment of patients. Cytotoxicity is defined as damaging the cell structure and function as a result of inhibition of the synthesis of various macromolecules. Cytotoxicity mechanisms are focused on oxidative stress and corrosion. Mechanisms of oxidative stress show effects as mutations resulted from free radicals production and DNA damage; mechanism of corrosion exhibits metal ion release as well. The most common materials used in orthodontics are; arch wires, brackets, adhesives and resin bonding agents, mini implants, acrylic resins, elastomeric materials, glass ionomer cements, solder alloys, magnets and Invisalign appliances. Biocompatibility of these materials depends on the metal composition,whether they are exposed to heat process, production method of them or the degree of polimerization of it. Therefore orthodontic materials should be considered in terms of cytotoxicity and ion release and certain measures should be taken for decreasing cytotoxic properties. Key-words: Orthodontic materials, bio-compatibility, cytotoxicity

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Orthodontic materials,bio-compatibility,cytotoxicity

ORTODONTİDE KULLANILAN MALZEMELERİN SİTOTOKSİSİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Hastaların güvenli tedavisini sağlamak için, dental materyallerin sitotoksisitesini tanımlamak çok önemlidir. Sitotoksisite, çeşitli makromoleküllerin sentezlenmesinin engellenmesi sonucu hücrenin fonksiyonlarında ve yapısında hasar meydana gelmesidir. Sitotoksisite mekanizmaları; oksidatif stres ve korozyon odaklıdır. Oksidatif stres mekanizması serbest radikal üretimi ve DNA hasarı sonucu mutasyonlar ile, korozyon ise metal iyon salınımı ile etki göstermektedir. Ortodontide en sık kullanılan materyaller; ark telleri, braketler, rezin adezivler ve bonding ajanlar, mini implantlar, akrilik rezinler, elastomerik maddeler, cam iyonomer simanlar, lehim alaşımlar, magnetler ve invisalign apareylerdir. Bu materyallerin biyo-uyumlulukları metal kompozisyo- nuna, ısıl işlem görüp görmediğine, üretim yöntemine veya polimerizasyon derecesine bağlıdır. Bu nedenle ortodontik malzemeler sitotoksisite ve iyon salınımı açısından iyi değerlendirilmeli ve sitotoksik özellikleri azaltmak için bazı önlemler alınmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ortodontik materyal, biyouyumluluk, sitotoksisite

Kaynakça

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