COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF OMEGA 3 AND PROBIOTICS ON ALVEOLAR BONE LOSS IN RATS: AN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY

Öz

Aim: Omega 3 and probiotics have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects in periodontal disease pathogenesis. Inducible nitric oxide synthase is an important mediator regulating immune response. The objective of this study was to compare the impacts of omega 3 and probiotic supplementation on alveolar bone loss and gingival inducible nitric oxide synthase levels in an experimental periodontitis model. Material and Methods: Thirty-two rats were separated into 4 equal groups as control, periodontitis, omega 3, and probiotic. Omega 3 or probiotic was supplemented by oral gavage and experimental periodontitis was induced to the rats in periodontitis, omega 3, and probiotic groups by ligature. Alveolar bone loss was measured histometrically. The number of neutrophils was counted and gingival inducible nitric oxide synthase levels were analysed immunohistochemically. Results: Alveolar bone loss significantly increased in periodontitis induced groups, compared to control group and decreased in omega 3 and probiotic groups, compared to the periodontitis group (p <0.05). Probiotic group had further decrease in alveolar bone loss than the omega 3 group (p <0.05). The number of neutrophils and gingival inducible nitric oxide synthase levels were higher in the periodontitis, omega 3, and probiotic groups than those in the control group, and decreased in omega 3 and probiotic groups, compared to the periodontitis group (p <0.05). Conclusion: We suggest that omega 3 and probiotic administrations could reduce alveolar bone loss by decreasing gingival inducible nitric oxide synthase. Probiotic support seems to have more beneficial reducing alveolar bone loss, compared to omega 3. Key words: Fatty Acids, Probiotics, Alveolar Bone Loss, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II, Periodontitis OMEGA 3 VE PROBİYOTİKLERİN RATLARDA ALVEOLER KEMİK KAYBINA ETKİLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI: İMMÜNOHİSTOKİMYASAL BİR ÇALIŞMA Amaç: Omega 3 ve probiyotiklerin periodontal hastalık patogenezinde yararlı etkilerinin olduğu gösterilmiştir. İndüklenebilir nitrik oksit sentaz immün yanıtı düzenleyen önemli bir mediyatördür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, deneysel periodontitis modelinde omega 3 ve probiyotik desteğinin alveoler kemik kaybı ve dişeti indüklenebilir nitrik oksit sentaz seviyeleri üzerine olan etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Otuz iki sıçan kontrol, periodontitis, omega 3 ve probiyotik olarak 4 eşit gruba ayrıldı. Omega 3 ve probiyotik oral gavajla uygulandı ve periodontitis, omega 3 ve probiyotik gruplarındaki sıçanlara ligatür kullanılarak deneysel periodontitis oluşturuldu. Alveoler kemik kaybı histometrik olarak ölçüldü. Nötrofil sayısı hesaplandı ve dişeti indüklenebilir nitrik oksit sentaz seviyeleri immünohistokimyasal olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Alveoler kemik kaybı periodontitis indüklenen gruplarda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede arttı ve periodontitis grubuna kıyasla omega 3 ve probiyotik gruplarında azaldı (p <0.05). Alveoler kemik kaybı, probiyotik grubunda omega 3 grubuna göre daha fazla azaldı (p <0.05). Nötrofil sayıları ve dişeti indüklenebilir nitrik oksit sentaz seviyeleri kontrol grubuna göre periodontitis, omega 3 ve probiyotik gruplarında daha yüksekti ve periodontitis grubuyla kıyaslandığında omega 3 ve probiyotik gruplarında azaldı (p <0.05). Sonuç: Omega 3 ve probiyotik desteğinin dişeti indüklenebilir nitrik oksit sentaz seviyelerini azaltarak alveoler kemik kaybını düşürebildiğini öne sürmekteyiz. Alveoler kemik kaybını azaltmada probiyotik desteği, omega 3 ile karşılaştırıldığında daha yararlı görünmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yağ Asidleri, Probiyotikler, Alveoler Kemik Kaybı, Nitrik Oksit Sentaz Tip II, Periodontit

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Periodontitis
• Fatty Acids
• Alveolar Bone Loss
• itric Oxide Synthase Type II,

Kaynakça

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