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THE PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM AND IT'S USAGE IN DENTAL PRACTICE

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 2010 Sayı: 3, 213 - 220, 01.03.2010

Öz

-

Kaynakça

  • Wang RR, Fenton A. Titanium for prosthodontic review applications: Quintessence Int 1996; 27: 401-408. of the literature.
  • Van Noort R. Introduction To Dental Materials. Edinburgh ; New York : Mosby: 2002: 221-230.
  • Brown D. All you wanted to know about titanium, but were afraid to ask. Br Dent J 1997; 182: 393- 394.
  • Lautenschlager EP, Monaghan P. Titanium and titanium alloys as dental materials. Int Dent J 1993; 43: 245-253.
  • Roach M. Base Metal Alloys Used for Dental Restorations and Implants. Dent Clin N Am 2007; 51: 603-627.
  • Mark JJ, Waqar A. Surface Engineered Surgical Tools and Medical Devices. New York: Springer, 2007: 533-576.
  • Craig RG, Powers JM. Restorative Dental Materials. Missouri: Mosby, 2002:480-513.
  • Contreras EF, Henriques GE, Giolo SR, Nobilo MA. Fit of cast commercially pure titanium and Ti-6Al- 4V alloy crowns before and after marginal refinement by electrical discharge machining. J Prosthet Dent 2002; 88: 467-472.
  • Niinomi M. Mechanical properties of biomedical titanium alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 1998; 243: 231- 236.
  • Adhestop website. CP titanium. Available at: www.medinfo.dist.unige.it./adhestop/cp_titanium. htm.
  • Niinomi M. Metallic biomaterials. J Artif Organs 2008; 11: 105-110.
  • Koike M, Fujii H. In vitro assessment of corrosive properties of titanium as a biomaterial. J Oral Rehabil 2001; 28: 540-548.
  • Koike M, Cai Z, Fujii H, Brezner M, Okabe T. Corrosion behavior of cast titanium with reduced surface reaction layer made by a face-coating method. Biomaterials 2003; 24: 4541-4549.
  • Cai Z, Nakajima H, Woldu M, Berglund A, Bergman M, Okabe T. In vitro corrosion resistance of titanium made using different fabrication methods. Biomaterials 1999;20:183-90.
  • Okabe T, Ohkubo C, Watanabe I, Okuno O, Takada Y. The Present Status of Dental Titanium Casting. J Met 1998; 50: 24-29.
  • Ida K, Tsutsumi S, Togaya T. Titanium or titanium alloys for dental casting. J Dent Res 1984; 63: 985-993.
  • Klinger E, Walter M. Cyclarc method of titanium casting. Dent Labor 1991; 39: 177-179.
  • Hamanaka E, Doi H, Yoneyama T, Okuno O. Dental casting of titanium and Ni-Ti alloys by a new casting machine. J Dent Res 1989; 66: 1529-1533.
  • Zhang Z, Tamaki Y, Hotta Y, Miyazaki T. Novel method for titanium crown casting using a combination of wax patterns fabricated by a CAD/CAM system and a non-expanded investment. Dent Mater 2006; 22: 681-687.
  • Mori T, Jean-Louis M, Yabugami M, Togaya T. The effects of casting investment type on the fit of cast titanium crowns. Aust Dent J 1994; 39: 348-352.
  • Paulino SM, Leal MB, Pagnano VO, Bezzon OL. The castability of pure titanium compared with Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr-Be alloys J Prosthet Dent 2007; 98: 445- 454.
  • Lygre H. Prosthodontic biomaterials and adverse reactions: a critical review of the clinical and research literature. Acta Odontol Scand 2002; 60: 1-9.
  • Niinomi M. Recent Metallic Materials for Biomedical Applications. Metal Mater Trans A 2002; 33A 477- 486.
  • Eisenbarth E, Velten D, Ullera M, Thull R, Breme J. Biocompatibility of b-stabilizing elements of titanium alloys. Biomaterials 2004; 25: 5705-5713.
  • Hellden LB, Derand T, Johansson S, Lindberg A. The CrescoTi Precision method: description of a simplified superstructures with passive fit to osseointegrated implants. J Prosthet Dent. 1999;82:487–491.
  • Wataha JC. Alloys for prosthodontic restorations. J Prosthet Dent 2002; 87: 351-363.
  • Oh K-T, Shim H-M, Kim K-N. Properties of Titanium–Silver Alloys for Dental Application. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2005; 74B: 649-659.
  • Shim H-M, Oh K-T, Woo J-Y, Hwang C-J, Kim K- NK. Corrosion Resistance of Titanium–Silver Alloys in an Artificial Saliva Containing Fluoride Ions. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2005; 73B: 252-259.
  • Zhang BB, et al. Effect of Ag on the corrosion behavior of Ti-Ag alloys in artificial saliva solutions. Dent doi:10.1016/j.dental.2008.10.016. 2009;
  • Cheng WW, Ju CP, Chern Lin JH. Structure, castability commercially pure and alloyed titanium cast in graphite mould. J Oral Rehabil 2007; 34: 528-540.
  • Nissin Co. Instruction manual of Selevest CB, C&B Investment for Pure Titanium, 1999.
  • Doi H, Yoneyama T, Kotake M, Hamanaka H. Corrosion resistance on the reacted surface of titanium castings with a phosphate bonded silica investment. J Dent Mater 1992;11:672–8.
  • Luo XP, Guo TW, Ou YG, Liu Q. Titanium casting into phosphate bonded investment with zirconite. Dent Mater 2002; 18: 512-515.
  • Persson M, Andersson M, Bergman B. The accuracy of a high-precision digitizer for CAD/CAM of crowns. J Prosthet Dent 1995;74:223-9.
  • Boeckler AF, Lee H, Stadler A, Setz JM. Prospective observation of CAD/CAM titanium ceramic single crowns: A three-year follow up. J Prosthet Dent 2009; 102: 290-297.
  • Andersonn M, Bergman B, Bessing C, Ericson G, Et al. Clinical result with titanium crowns fabricated with machine duplication and spark erosion. Acta Odontol Scand 1989; 47: 279-286.
  • Samet N, Resheff B, Gelbard S, et al. A CAD/CAM system for the production of metal copings for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations. J Prosthet Dent 1995; 73: 457-463.
  • Besimo C, Jeger C, R G. Marginal adaptation of titanium frameworks produced by CAD/CAM techniques. Int J Prosthodont 1997; 10: 541-546.
  • Leong D, Chai J, Lautenschlager E, et al. Marginal fit of machine-milled titanium and cast titanium single crowns. Int J Prosthodont 1994; 7: 440-447.
  • Witkowski S, Komine F, Gerds T. Marginal accuracy of titanium copings fabricated by casting and CAD/CAM techniques. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 96: 47-52.
  • Bird DC, Chambers D, Peters OA. Usage Parameters of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments: A Survey of Endodontists in the United States. Journal of Endodontics 2009; 35: 1193-1197.
  • Peters OA. Current Challenges and Concepts in the Preparation of Root Canal Systems: A Review. Journal of Endodontics 2004; 30: 559-567.
  • Y G, N GELU. Comparison of curved canals preparations using profile, GT and Hero 642 rotary files. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2006; 33: 131- 136.
  • Da Silva L, Martinez A, Rilo B, Santana U. Titanium for removable denture bases. J Oral Rehabil. 2000;27:131–135.
  • Au AR, Lechner SK, Thomas CJ, Mori T, Chung P. Titanium for removable partial dentures (III). 2- year clinical follow-up in an undergraduate programme. J Oral Rehabil. 2000;27:979–985.
  • Berg E. Dentists’ opinions on aspects of cast titanium restorations. J Dent 1997;25:113-7.
  • Kononen M, Rintanen J, Waltimo A, Kempainen P. Titanium framework removable partial denture used for patient allergic to other metals: a clinical report and literature review. J Prosthet Dent. 1995;73:4–7.
  • Sadeq A, Cai Z, Woody RD, Miller AW. Effects of interfacial variables on ceramic adherence to cast and machined commercially pure titanium. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 2003; 90: 10-17.
  • McLean JW, von Fraunhofer JA. The estimation of cement film thickness by an in vivo technique. Br Dent J 1971;131:107-11.
  • Blackman R, Baez R, Barghi N. Marginal accuracy and geometry of cast titanium copings. J Prosthet Dent 1992;67:435-40.
  • Leong D, Chai J, Lautenschlager EP, Gilbert J. Marginal fit of machinemilled titanium and cast titanium single crowns. Int J Prosthodont 1994; 7:440-7.
  • Besimo C, Jeger C, Guggenheim R. Marginal adaptation of titanium frameworks produced by CAD/CAM techniques. Int J Prosthodont 1997; 10:541-6.
  • Fonseca JC, Henriques GE, Sobrinho LC, de Goes MF. Stress-relieving and porcelain firing cycle influence on marginal fit of commercially pure titanium copings. Dent Mater 2003;19: 686-91.
  • Tan PL, Gratton DG, Diaz-Arnold AM, Holmes DC. An in vitro comparison of vertical marginal gaps of CAD/CAM restorations. J Prosthodont 2008; 17: 378-383.
  • Witkowski S, Komine F, Gerds T. Marginal accuracy of titanium copings fabricated by casting and CAD/CAM techniques. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 96: 47-52.
  • Ohkubo C, Hanatani S, Hosoi T. Present status of titanium removable dentures – a review of the literature. J Oral Rehabil 2008; 35: 706-714.
  • Cecconi BT, Koeppen RG, Phoenix RD, Cecconi ML. Casting titanium partial denture frameworks: a radiographic 2002;87:277–280. J Prosthet Dent.
  • Baltag I, Watanabe K, Miyakawa O. Internal porosity of cast titanium removable partial dentures: influence of sprue direction and diameter on porosity in simplified circumferential clasps. Dent Mater. 2005;21:530–537.
  • Jang KS, Youn SJ, Kim YS. Comparison of castability and surface roughness of commercially pure titanium and cobaltchromium denture frameworks. J Prosthet Dent. 2001;86:93–98.
  • Ichikawa T, Hirota K, Kanitani H, Miyake Y, Matsumoto N. In vitro adherence of Streptococcus constellatus to dense hydroxyapatite and titanium. J Oral Rehabil. 1998;25:125–127.
  • Olmedo DG, Tasat D, Guglielmotti MB, Cabrini RL. Titanium transport through the blood stream. An experimental study on rats. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 2003: 1099-1103.
  • Urban RM, Jacobs JJ, Tomlinson MJ, Gavrilovic J, Black J, Peoc'h M. Dissemination of wear particles to the liver, spleen, and abdominal lymph nodes of patients with hip or knee replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2000; 82: 457-476.
  • Cortada M, Giner L, Costa S, Gil FJ, Rodriguez D, Planell JA. Galvanic corrosion behavior of titanium implants coupled to dental alloys. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2000; 11: 287-293.
  • Valentine-Thon E, Schiwara HW. Validity of MELISA for metal sensitivity testing. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2003; 24: 57-64.
  • Tamai K, Mitsumori M, Fujishiro S, Kokubo M, Ooya N, Nagata Y, et al. A case of allergic reaction to surgical metal clips inserted for postoperative boost irradiation in a patient undergoing breast- conserving therapy. Breast Cancer 2001; 8: 90-92.
  • Wang RR, Li Y. In vitro evaluation of biocompatibilty of experimental titanyum alloys for dental restorations. J Prosthet Dent 1998; 80: 495- 500.
  • Faria ACL, Rosa AL, Rodrigues RCS, Riberio R. In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Dental Alloys and cpTi Obtained by Casting. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2008; 85B: 504-508.
  • Bachle M, Kohal RJ. A systematic review of the influence of different titanium surfaces on proliferation, differentiation and protein synthesis of osteoblast- like MG63 cells. Clin Oral Impl Res 2004; 15: 683-692.
  • Koike M, Lockwood PE, JC W, Okabe T. Initial Cytotoxicity of Novel Titanium Alloys. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 83B 2007: 327- 331.

DENTAL UYGULAMALARDA TİTANYUM VE ÖZELLİKLERİ

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 2010 Sayı: 3, 213 - 220, 01.03.2010

Öz

Titanyum, 1950’li yıllarda ilk olarak havacılık endüstrisinde “muhteşem metal” olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Sonraki dönemde ise medikal ve dental alanda geniş bir kullanım alanı bulmuştur. Titanyum ve alaşımları, mükemmel biyolojik uyumları ve korozyon dirençleri, düşük elastiklik değerleri ve yüksek direnç gibi özellikleri sayesinde diş hekimliğinde dental implantların, hareketli ve sabit protezlerin yapımında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte titanyumun sabit ve hareketli protezlerde kullanılmasında optimum özellik ve üretim yöntemlerinin belirlenmesi için yeni çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu makale diş hekimliğinde titanyum uygulamaları hakkında genel bilgi veren bir literatür taramasıdır. kelimeler

Kaynakça

  • Wang RR, Fenton A. Titanium for prosthodontic review applications: Quintessence Int 1996; 27: 401-408. of the literature.
  • Van Noort R. Introduction To Dental Materials. Edinburgh ; New York : Mosby: 2002: 221-230.
  • Brown D. All you wanted to know about titanium, but were afraid to ask. Br Dent J 1997; 182: 393- 394.
  • Lautenschlager EP, Monaghan P. Titanium and titanium alloys as dental materials. Int Dent J 1993; 43: 245-253.
  • Roach M. Base Metal Alloys Used for Dental Restorations and Implants. Dent Clin N Am 2007; 51: 603-627.
  • Mark JJ, Waqar A. Surface Engineered Surgical Tools and Medical Devices. New York: Springer, 2007: 533-576.
  • Craig RG, Powers JM. Restorative Dental Materials. Missouri: Mosby, 2002:480-513.
  • Contreras EF, Henriques GE, Giolo SR, Nobilo MA. Fit of cast commercially pure titanium and Ti-6Al- 4V alloy crowns before and after marginal refinement by electrical discharge machining. J Prosthet Dent 2002; 88: 467-472.
  • Niinomi M. Mechanical properties of biomedical titanium alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 1998; 243: 231- 236.
  • Adhestop website. CP titanium. Available at: www.medinfo.dist.unige.it./adhestop/cp_titanium. htm.
  • Niinomi M. Metallic biomaterials. J Artif Organs 2008; 11: 105-110.
  • Koike M, Fujii H. In vitro assessment of corrosive properties of titanium as a biomaterial. J Oral Rehabil 2001; 28: 540-548.
  • Koike M, Cai Z, Fujii H, Brezner M, Okabe T. Corrosion behavior of cast titanium with reduced surface reaction layer made by a face-coating method. Biomaterials 2003; 24: 4541-4549.
  • Cai Z, Nakajima H, Woldu M, Berglund A, Bergman M, Okabe T. In vitro corrosion resistance of titanium made using different fabrication methods. Biomaterials 1999;20:183-90.
  • Okabe T, Ohkubo C, Watanabe I, Okuno O, Takada Y. The Present Status of Dental Titanium Casting. J Met 1998; 50: 24-29.
  • Ida K, Tsutsumi S, Togaya T. Titanium or titanium alloys for dental casting. J Dent Res 1984; 63: 985-993.
  • Klinger E, Walter M. Cyclarc method of titanium casting. Dent Labor 1991; 39: 177-179.
  • Hamanaka E, Doi H, Yoneyama T, Okuno O. Dental casting of titanium and Ni-Ti alloys by a new casting machine. J Dent Res 1989; 66: 1529-1533.
  • Zhang Z, Tamaki Y, Hotta Y, Miyazaki T. Novel method for titanium crown casting using a combination of wax patterns fabricated by a CAD/CAM system and a non-expanded investment. Dent Mater 2006; 22: 681-687.
  • Mori T, Jean-Louis M, Yabugami M, Togaya T. The effects of casting investment type on the fit of cast titanium crowns. Aust Dent J 1994; 39: 348-352.
  • Paulino SM, Leal MB, Pagnano VO, Bezzon OL. The castability of pure titanium compared with Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr-Be alloys J Prosthet Dent 2007; 98: 445- 454.
  • Lygre H. Prosthodontic biomaterials and adverse reactions: a critical review of the clinical and research literature. Acta Odontol Scand 2002; 60: 1-9.
  • Niinomi M. Recent Metallic Materials for Biomedical Applications. Metal Mater Trans A 2002; 33A 477- 486.
  • Eisenbarth E, Velten D, Ullera M, Thull R, Breme J. Biocompatibility of b-stabilizing elements of titanium alloys. Biomaterials 2004; 25: 5705-5713.
  • Hellden LB, Derand T, Johansson S, Lindberg A. The CrescoTi Precision method: description of a simplified superstructures with passive fit to osseointegrated implants. J Prosthet Dent. 1999;82:487–491.
  • Wataha JC. Alloys for prosthodontic restorations. J Prosthet Dent 2002; 87: 351-363.
  • Oh K-T, Shim H-M, Kim K-N. Properties of Titanium–Silver Alloys for Dental Application. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2005; 74B: 649-659.
  • Shim H-M, Oh K-T, Woo J-Y, Hwang C-J, Kim K- NK. Corrosion Resistance of Titanium–Silver Alloys in an Artificial Saliva Containing Fluoride Ions. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2005; 73B: 252-259.
  • Zhang BB, et al. Effect of Ag on the corrosion behavior of Ti-Ag alloys in artificial saliva solutions. Dent doi:10.1016/j.dental.2008.10.016. 2009;
  • Cheng WW, Ju CP, Chern Lin JH. Structure, castability commercially pure and alloyed titanium cast in graphite mould. J Oral Rehabil 2007; 34: 528-540.
  • Nissin Co. Instruction manual of Selevest CB, C&B Investment for Pure Titanium, 1999.
  • Doi H, Yoneyama T, Kotake M, Hamanaka H. Corrosion resistance on the reacted surface of titanium castings with a phosphate bonded silica investment. J Dent Mater 1992;11:672–8.
  • Luo XP, Guo TW, Ou YG, Liu Q. Titanium casting into phosphate bonded investment with zirconite. Dent Mater 2002; 18: 512-515.
  • Persson M, Andersson M, Bergman B. The accuracy of a high-precision digitizer for CAD/CAM of crowns. J Prosthet Dent 1995;74:223-9.
  • Boeckler AF, Lee H, Stadler A, Setz JM. Prospective observation of CAD/CAM titanium ceramic single crowns: A three-year follow up. J Prosthet Dent 2009; 102: 290-297.
  • Andersonn M, Bergman B, Bessing C, Ericson G, Et al. Clinical result with titanium crowns fabricated with machine duplication and spark erosion. Acta Odontol Scand 1989; 47: 279-286.
  • Samet N, Resheff B, Gelbard S, et al. A CAD/CAM system for the production of metal copings for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations. J Prosthet Dent 1995; 73: 457-463.
  • Besimo C, Jeger C, R G. Marginal adaptation of titanium frameworks produced by CAD/CAM techniques. Int J Prosthodont 1997; 10: 541-546.
  • Leong D, Chai J, Lautenschlager E, et al. Marginal fit of machine-milled titanium and cast titanium single crowns. Int J Prosthodont 1994; 7: 440-447.
  • Witkowski S, Komine F, Gerds T. Marginal accuracy of titanium copings fabricated by casting and CAD/CAM techniques. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 96: 47-52.
  • Bird DC, Chambers D, Peters OA. Usage Parameters of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments: A Survey of Endodontists in the United States. Journal of Endodontics 2009; 35: 1193-1197.
  • Peters OA. Current Challenges and Concepts in the Preparation of Root Canal Systems: A Review. Journal of Endodontics 2004; 30: 559-567.
  • Y G, N GELU. Comparison of curved canals preparations using profile, GT and Hero 642 rotary files. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2006; 33: 131- 136.
  • Da Silva L, Martinez A, Rilo B, Santana U. Titanium for removable denture bases. J Oral Rehabil. 2000;27:131–135.
  • Au AR, Lechner SK, Thomas CJ, Mori T, Chung P. Titanium for removable partial dentures (III). 2- year clinical follow-up in an undergraduate programme. J Oral Rehabil. 2000;27:979–985.
  • Berg E. Dentists’ opinions on aspects of cast titanium restorations. J Dent 1997;25:113-7.
  • Kononen M, Rintanen J, Waltimo A, Kempainen P. Titanium framework removable partial denture used for patient allergic to other metals: a clinical report and literature review. J Prosthet Dent. 1995;73:4–7.
  • Sadeq A, Cai Z, Woody RD, Miller AW. Effects of interfacial variables on ceramic adherence to cast and machined commercially pure titanium. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 2003; 90: 10-17.
  • McLean JW, von Fraunhofer JA. The estimation of cement film thickness by an in vivo technique. Br Dent J 1971;131:107-11.
  • Blackman R, Baez R, Barghi N. Marginal accuracy and geometry of cast titanium copings. J Prosthet Dent 1992;67:435-40.
  • Leong D, Chai J, Lautenschlager EP, Gilbert J. Marginal fit of machinemilled titanium and cast titanium single crowns. Int J Prosthodont 1994; 7:440-7.
  • Besimo C, Jeger C, Guggenheim R. Marginal adaptation of titanium frameworks produced by CAD/CAM techniques. Int J Prosthodont 1997; 10:541-6.
  • Fonseca JC, Henriques GE, Sobrinho LC, de Goes MF. Stress-relieving and porcelain firing cycle influence on marginal fit of commercially pure titanium copings. Dent Mater 2003;19: 686-91.
  • Tan PL, Gratton DG, Diaz-Arnold AM, Holmes DC. An in vitro comparison of vertical marginal gaps of CAD/CAM restorations. J Prosthodont 2008; 17: 378-383.
  • Witkowski S, Komine F, Gerds T. Marginal accuracy of titanium copings fabricated by casting and CAD/CAM techniques. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 96: 47-52.
  • Ohkubo C, Hanatani S, Hosoi T. Present status of titanium removable dentures – a review of the literature. J Oral Rehabil 2008; 35: 706-714.
  • Cecconi BT, Koeppen RG, Phoenix RD, Cecconi ML. Casting titanium partial denture frameworks: a radiographic 2002;87:277–280. J Prosthet Dent.
  • Baltag I, Watanabe K, Miyakawa O. Internal porosity of cast titanium removable partial dentures: influence of sprue direction and diameter on porosity in simplified circumferential clasps. Dent Mater. 2005;21:530–537.
  • Jang KS, Youn SJ, Kim YS. Comparison of castability and surface roughness of commercially pure titanium and cobaltchromium denture frameworks. J Prosthet Dent. 2001;86:93–98.
  • Ichikawa T, Hirota K, Kanitani H, Miyake Y, Matsumoto N. In vitro adherence of Streptococcus constellatus to dense hydroxyapatite and titanium. J Oral Rehabil. 1998;25:125–127.
  • Olmedo DG, Tasat D, Guglielmotti MB, Cabrini RL. Titanium transport through the blood stream. An experimental study on rats. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 2003: 1099-1103.
  • Urban RM, Jacobs JJ, Tomlinson MJ, Gavrilovic J, Black J, Peoc'h M. Dissemination of wear particles to the liver, spleen, and abdominal lymph nodes of patients with hip or knee replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2000; 82: 457-476.
  • Cortada M, Giner L, Costa S, Gil FJ, Rodriguez D, Planell JA. Galvanic corrosion behavior of titanium implants coupled to dental alloys. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2000; 11: 287-293.
  • Valentine-Thon E, Schiwara HW. Validity of MELISA for metal sensitivity testing. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2003; 24: 57-64.
  • Tamai K, Mitsumori M, Fujishiro S, Kokubo M, Ooya N, Nagata Y, et al. A case of allergic reaction to surgical metal clips inserted for postoperative boost irradiation in a patient undergoing breast- conserving therapy. Breast Cancer 2001; 8: 90-92.
  • Wang RR, Li Y. In vitro evaluation of biocompatibilty of experimental titanyum alloys for dental restorations. J Prosthet Dent 1998; 80: 495- 500.
  • Faria ACL, Rosa AL, Rodrigues RCS, Riberio R. In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Dental Alloys and cpTi Obtained by Casting. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2008; 85B: 504-508.
  • Bachle M, Kohal RJ. A systematic review of the influence of different titanium surfaces on proliferation, differentiation and protein synthesis of osteoblast- like MG63 cells. Clin Oral Impl Res 2004; 15: 683-692.
  • Koike M, Lockwood PE, JC W, Okabe T. Initial Cytotoxicity of Novel Titanium Alloys. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 83B 2007: 327- 331.
Toplam 69 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Yrd. Doç.dr. İsmail Hakkı Uzun Bu kişi benim

Prof. Dr. Funda Bayındır Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2010
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2010 Cilt: 2010 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Uzun, Y. D. İ. H., & Bayındır, P. D. F. (2010). DENTAL UYGULAMALARDA TİTANYUM VE ÖZELLİKLERİ. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 2010(3), 213-220.
AMA Uzun YDİH, Bayındır PDF. DENTAL UYGULAMALARDA TİTANYUM VE ÖZELLİKLERİ. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. Mart 2010;2010(3):213-220.
Chicago Uzun, Yrd. Doç.dr. İsmail Hakkı, ve Prof. Dr. Funda Bayındır. “DENTAL UYGULAMALARDA TİTANYUM VE ÖZELLİKLERİ”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2010, sy. 3 (Mart 2010): 213-20.
EndNote Uzun YDİH, Bayındır PDF (01 Mart 2010) DENTAL UYGULAMALARDA TİTANYUM VE ÖZELLİKLERİ. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2010 3 213–220.
IEEE Y. D. İ. H. Uzun ve P. D. F. Bayındır, “DENTAL UYGULAMALARDA TİTANYUM VE ÖZELLİKLERİ”, Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg, c. 2010, sy. 3, ss. 213–220, 2010.
ISNAD Uzun, Yrd. Doç.dr. İsmail Hakkı - Bayındır, Prof. Dr. Funda. “DENTAL UYGULAMALARDA TİTANYUM VE ÖZELLİKLERİ”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2010/3 (Mart 2010), 213-220.
JAMA Uzun YDİH, Bayındır PDF. DENTAL UYGULAMALARDA TİTANYUM VE ÖZELLİKLERİ. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2010;2010:213–220.
MLA Uzun, Yrd. Doç.dr. İsmail Hakkı ve Prof. Dr. Funda Bayındır. “DENTAL UYGULAMALARDA TİTANYUM VE ÖZELLİKLERİ”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 2010, sy. 3, 2010, ss. 213-20.
Vancouver Uzun YDİH, Bayındır PDF. DENTAL UYGULAMALARDA TİTANYUM VE ÖZELLİKLERİ. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2010;2010(3):213-20.

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