TRABZON İLİNDE, 3-6 YAŞ GRUBU ÇOCUKLARDA ERKEN ÇOCUKLUK ÇAĞI ÇÜRÜĞÜ PREVALANSI VE İLİŞKİLİ RİSK FAKTÖRLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 4, 589 - 596, 15.10.2019

Sema Aydınoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.554428

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın
amacı, Trabzon ilindeki anaokullarında öğrenimine devam etmekte olan 1083 okul
öncesi çocuğun çürük (decayed) kayıp (missing) dolgulu (filled) diş (teeth)
(dmf-t) indeks değerlerinin yaş, cinsiyet, sosyoekonomik durum, ağız sağlığı
alışkanlıkları ve beslenme gibi çeşitli risk faktörleri ile olan ilişkisini değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Biri özel
olmak üzere sekiz anaokulunda öğrenimine devam etmekte olan 3-6 yaş arası çocuklar
bu araştırmaya dahil edildi. Gerekli verilerin elde edilebilmesi için
çocukların beslenme ve ağız sağlığı alışkanlıkları ile ilişkili soruları içeren
anket formları velilere gönderildi. Çocukların ağız içi muayeneleri Dünya
Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) kriterlerine göre, gün ışığında ayna ve sond yardımıyla
yapılarak dmf-t indeksleri kayıt altına alındı. Araştırmada elde edilen tüm
veriler ki-kare testi uygulanarak hesaplandı. Akabinde istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı bulunan verilere lojistik regresyon analizi yapıldı.

Bulgular: Yapılan
değerlendirmeler sonucunda, erken çocukluk çağı çürüğü (EÇÇ) ve şiddetli erken
çocukluk çağı çürüğü (Ş-EÇÇ) prevalansları sırasıyla; %63,1 ve 20,4 olarak
tespit edildi. Ortalama dmf-t değeri 2,95±3,60 olarak bulundu. EÇÇ prevalansının
ve ortalama dmf-t skorunun yaşla beraber anlamlı şekilde arttığı görüldü. EÇÇ
sıklığının altı aydan fazla anne sütü alanlarda, dişlerini hiç
fırçalamayanlarda ve daha önce hiç diş hekimine gitmeyen çocuklarda daha yüksek
olduğu belirlendi. Yoğurt ve peynir tüketiminin ise; çocuklarda diş çürüğünü
önlemede ve çürüğün şiddetini azaltmada istatistiksel olarak önemli olduğu
saptandı.

Sonuç: Trabzon
İlindeki okul öncesi çocuklardaki çürük prevalansının çok yüksek olduğu görüldü.
Bir topluluğun dental tedavi ihtiyacının tespitinde gerekli olan en önemli
bilgiler dmf-t indeksleri, ağız sağlığı alışkanlıkları, beslenme ve
sosyodemografik unsurlardan elde edilmektedir. Bu yönde yapılan araştırmalar
ile ağız sağlığı konusunda bilgi düzeyinin artmasına ve ebeveynlerin
bilinçlendirilmesine katkıda bulunulabilir.

Anahtar kelimeler: Erken çocukluk
çağı çürüğü, okul öncesi çocuklar, çürük sıklığı, EÇÇ

Prevalence of Early
Childhood Caries and Associated Risk Factors among 3-6-year-old Children in
Trabzon

ABSTRACT

Aim: The aim
of this survey is to evaluate the relationship between dmf-t index and various risk factors such as age, gender,
socioeconomic status, nutrition and oral health habits of 1083 preschool
children who have been attending the preschools in Trabzon.

Material and Methods: Children, ages between 3 and 6 years old from 7 state schools and 1
private school, have been included for this research. Questionnaires were used
to collect the necessary data. Children were examined using an intraoral mirror
and a probe in a day light. The chi-square test was used to analyze data. In
addition, multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate
the magnitude of the relationship between dental caries and its associated risk
factors.

Results: The
results revealed that the prevalence
of ECC in preschool children was 63.1% and that of S-ECC was 20.4%. The mean
dmf-t score was found to be 2.95 ± 3.60. It was shown that ECC prevalence and
mean dmf-t increased significantly with age. The prevalence of ECC was
significantly higher in children who were breastfed for longer than six months,
those who had never brushed their teeth and those who had a previous dental
visit. However, yogurt and cheese consumption was statistically significant in
preventing ECC and affecting the severity of dental caries.

Conclusion: The most important data which is
necessary to determine the dental treatment requirements of  communities is obtained from the dmft
indicies, oral health habits, nutrition and socioeconomic status. Studies in
this direction make contribution to raise oral health knowledge level and  consciousness of parents.

Key Words: Early
childhood caries, preschool children, caries prevalence, ECC

Anahtar Kelimeler

Erken çocukluk çağı çürüğü, okul öncesi çocuklar, çürük sıklığı

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