AWARENESS OF PATIENTS ON ORAL EXAMINATION AND HYGIENE DURING AND BEFORE PREGNANCY: A SURVEY STUDY

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 4, 545 - 551, 15.10.2020

Kübra Törenek Ağırman Binali Çakır

https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.780139

Öz

Aim: Pregnancy is characterized by complex physiological changes that can adversely affect oral health. Therefore, the utmost attention should be careful about oral hygiene. This study aimed is to investigate the awareness of patients about oral examination and hygiene during and before pregnancy.
Material and Methods: In November and December 2018, the questionnaire we prepared for patients who came to our clinic from 18 years old and above cities and surrounding cities was completed and the results were evaluated statistically.
Results: Of the 380 patients who participated in the study, 251 said that dental examination is necessary before pregnancy. However, 73.5% (n: 72) of the patients stated that although they went to a gynecologist and obstetrician before pregnancy, 64.3% (n: 63) did not go to a dentist for a dental examination. Only 34 patients (34.7%) reported that they applied to a dentist for dental problems during pregnancy. The remaining majority (n: 64; 65.3%) did not experience any problems with the teeth or go to the dentist, even if they did.
Conclusion: It is very important that patients who apply to various health institutions before pregnancy are informed about the importance of oral examination and directed to the relevant authorities for oral examination. Despite many studies carried out in our country in this regard, it is seen that there is not enough awareness in our region. The multidisciplinary approach of medicine and dentists is of great importance in awareness before and during pregnancy.
Keywords: dentistry; oral health; pregnancy

Hastaların Gebelikte ve Öncesinde Ağız Muayenesi ve Hijyeni Konusunda Farkındalığı: Anket Çalışması
Özet
Amaç: Gebelik, ağız sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkileyebilecek karmaşık fizyolojik değişiklikler ile karakterizedir. Bu nedenle ağız hijyenine azami özen gösterilmelidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hastaların gebelik sürecinde ve öncesinde oral muayene ve hijyen konusundaki farkındalıklarını araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2018 Kasım ve Aralık aylarında, 18 yaş ve üstü şehir ve çevre illerden kliniğimize gelen hastalar için hazırladığımız anket dolduruldu ve sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 380 hastadan 251’i gebelik öncesinde diş muayenesinin gerekli olduğunu söyledi. Bununla birlikte hastaların% 73,5'i (n: 72) gebeliğinden önce bir jinekolog ve doğum uzmanına gitmesine rağmen,% 64,3'ü (n: 63) diş muayenesi için bir diş hekimine gitmediğini belirtti. Sadece 34 hasta (% 34.7), gebelik sürecinde dişlerle ilgili sorunları için bir diş hekimine başvurduğunu bildirdi. Geriye kalan büyük çoğunluğun ise (n: 64;% 65.3) dişlerde herhangi bir problem yaşamadığı veya yaşamış olsalar bile diş hekimine gitmediği görüldü.
Sonuç: Gebelikten önce çeşitli sağlık kurumlarına başvuran hastaların, oral muayenenin önemi konusunda bilgilendirilmeleri ve oral muayene için ilgili makamlara yönlendirilmeleri büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu konuda ülkemizde yürütülen pek çok çalışmaya rağmen bölgemizde yeterli farkındalığın oluşmadığı görülmektedir. Tıp ve diş hekimlerinin multidisipliner yaklaşımı gebelik öncesi ve sürecinde farkındalık konusunda büyük önem taşımaktadır.
Anahtar Sözcükler: ağız sağlığı; diş hekimliği; gebelik

Anahtar Kelimeler

dentistry, oral health, pregnancy

Kaynakça

• 1. Johnson K, Posner SF, Biermann J, Cordero JF, Atrash HK, Parker CS, et al. Recommendations to improve preconception health and health care United States. A report of the CDC/ATSDR Preconception Care Work Group and the Select Panel on Preconception Care. MMWR 2006; 55: 1-23.
• 2. Kirkham C, Harris S, Grzybowski S. Evidence-based prenatal care: Part I. General prenatal care and counseling issues. Am Fam Physician 2005; 71: 1307-16.
• 3. Moos MK, Dunlop AL, Jack BW, Nelson L, Coonrod DV, Long R, et al. Healthier women, healthier reproductive outcomes: recommendations for the routine care of all women of reproductive age. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 199: 280-9.
• 4. Atrash H, Jack BW, Johnson K, Coonrod DV, Moos MK, Stubblefield PG, et al. Where is the “W”oman in MCH? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 199: 259-65.
• 5. Jack BW, Atrash H, Coonrod DV, Moos MK, O'Donnell J, Johnson K. The clinical content of preconception care: an overview and preparation of this supplement. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 199: 266-79.
• 6. Habashneh R, Guthmiller JM, Levy S, Johnson GK, Squier C, Dawson DV, et al. Factors related to utilization of dental services during pregnancy. J Clin Periodontol 2005; 32: 815-21.
• 7. Honkala S, Al-Ansari J. Self-reported oral health, oral hygiene habits, and dental attendance of pregnant women in Kuwait. J Clin Periodontol 2005; 32(7): 809-14.
• 8. Rakchanok N, Amporn D, Yoshıda Y, Rashıd HO, Sakamoto J. Dental Caries and Gingivitis Among Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women In Chiang Mai, Thailand. Nagoya J Med Sci 2010; 72: 43-50.
• 9. Karunachandra NN, Perera IR, Fernando G. Oral health status during pregnancy: rural–urban comparisons of oral disease burden among antenatal women in Sri Lanka. Rural and Remote Health 2012; 12: 1902.
• 10. Kazemy H, Mohseni H, Oskouie SF, Haghani H. The Association between Knowledge, Attitude and Performance in Pregnant Women toward Dental Hygiene during Pregnancy. Iran J Nurs 2005; 18(43): 31-8.
• 11. Hashim R. Self-reported oral health, oral hygiene habits and dental service utilization among pregnant women in United Arab Emirates. Int J Dent Hyg 2012; 10(2): 142-6.
• 12. Kılınç G, Koca H. Oral Health During Pregnancy And The Clinic Appearance Of Pregnancy Tumor (Case Report). Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2015; 24(-3): 29-32.
• 13. George A, Johnson M, Duff M, Ajwani S, Bhole S, Blinkhorn A, et al. Midwives and oral health care during pregnancy: perceptions of pregnant women in south-western Sydney, Astralia. J Clin Nurs 2011; 21: 1087-96.
• 14. Offenbacher S, Katz V, Fertik G, Collins J, Boyd D, Maynor G, et al. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm low birth weight. J Periodontol 1996; 67(10): 1103-13.
• 15. Xiong X, Buekens P, Fraser WD, Beck J, Offenbacher S. Periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review. BJOG 2006; 113(2): 135-43.
• 16. Pitiphat W, Joshipura KJ, Gillman MW, Williams PL, Douglass CW, Rich-Edwards JW. Maternal periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2008; 36(1): 3-11.
• 17. Ruma M, Boggess K, Moss K, Jared H, Murtha A, Beck J, et al. Maternal periodontal disease, systemic inflammation, and risk for preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 198(4): 389.
• 18. Vergnes J. Studies suggest an association between maternal periodontal disease and preeclampsia. Evidence Based Dentistry 2008; 9(1): 46-7.
• 19. Shetty M, Shetty PK, Ramesh A, Thomas B, Prabhu S, Rao A. Periodontal disease in pregnancy is a risk factor for preeclampsia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2010; 89(5): 718-21.
• 20. Christensen LB, Jensen D, Peterson P. Selfreported gingival conditions and self-care in the oral health of Danish women during pregnancy. J Clin Periodontol 2003; 30: 949-53.
• 21. Saraç A, Kümbüloğlu Ö, Hatipoğlu HA, User A. [The Relationship Between Prevalence of Periodontal Disorder and Social Status in Dental Students (Epidemiological Study)]. J Fac Dent Cumhuriyet Uni 2007; 10(1): 10-5.
• 22. Köse S, Güven D, Mert E, Eraslan E, Esen S. [The Effectiveness of Oral Hygiene Training in 12-13 Age Group Children]. J Anatolian Nurs and Health Sci 2010; 13: 44-52.
• 23. Gökalp S, Doğan Güçiz B, Tekçiçek M Berberoğlu A, Ünlüer Ş. [The Oral Health Profile of 5, 12 and 15 Year Olds, Turkey-2004]. J Hacettepe Uni Dent 2007; 31(4): 3-10.
• 24. Detman LA, Cottrell BH, Denis-Luque MF. Exploring Dental Care Misconceptions and Barriers in Pregnancy. Birth 2010; 37(4): 318-24.
• 25. Claas BM, Ellison-Loschmann L, Jeffreys M. Self-reported oral health care and access to oral health information among pregnant women in Wellington, New Zealand. J N Z Med Assoc 2011; 124(1339):37-50.
• 26. Mangskau KA, Arrindell B. Pregnancy and oral health: utilization of the oral health care system by pregnant women in North Dakota. Northwest Dent 1996;75:823-8.
• 27. Timothé P, Eke PI, Presson SM, Malvitz DM. Dental care use among pregnant women in the United States reported in 1999 and 2002. Prev Chronic Dis 2005; 2(1).
• 28. Marchi KS, Fisher-Owens SA, Weintraub JA, Yu Z, Braveman PA. Most Pregnant Women in California Do Not Receive Dental Care: Findings from a Population-Based Study. Public Health Rep 2010;125:831-42.
• 29. Wilder R, Robinson C, Jared HL, Lieff S, Boggess K. Obstetricians’ knowledge and practice behaviors concerning periodontal health and preterm delivery and low birth weight. J Dent Hyg 2007;81(4):81.
• 30. Thomas NJ, Middleton PF, Crowther CA. Oral and dental health care practices in pregnant women in Australia: a postnatal survey. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2008; 8:13-9.
• 31. Hamissi J, BakianianVaziri P, Davalloo A. Evaluating Oral Hygiene Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Women. Iranian J Publ Health 2010;39(1):28-31.
• 32. Kısa S, Zeyneloğlu S. [Inpatient Postpartum Women’s Status of Oral Hygiene Habits and Visit to The Dentist during their Most Recent Pregnancy]. TAF Prev Med Bull 2013;12(1).
• 33. Cruz G, Roldos I, Puerta D, Salazar C. Community -based, culturally appropriate oral health promotion program. N Y State Dent J 2005; 71:34-8.
• 34. Özcan E, Evcil S, Turgut H, Yıldız M. [An evaluatıon between the applıcatıon reason-educatıon level and settlement-tooth brushıng habıt ın the patıents applıed to faculty clınıcs]. J Fac Dent Ata Uni 2005; 15(3): 15-9.
• 35. Morgan MA, Crall J, Goldenberg RL, Schulkin J. Oral health during pregnancy. J Mat Fet Neonatal Med 2009; 1:1-7.
• 36. Turan T, Ceylan SS, Teyikçi S. [Influencing Factors and Situation of The Mothers To Take Regular Prenatal Care]. Fırat Uni J Health Sci 2008; 3(9): 157-71.