İMPLANT DESTEKLİ PROTEZLERDE VİDA GEVŞEMESİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 1, 138 - 146, 15.01.2021

Hamiyet Güngör Erdoğan Elif Yiğit

Öz

Eksik dişlerin rehabilitasyonunda gün geçtikçe daha yaygın biçimde kullanılan tedavi prosedürlerinden biri de implant destekli restorasyonlardır. Oldukça yüksek başarı oranları bulunan implant destekli restorasyonların kullanım sıklığı arttıkça meydana gelen biyolojik ve mekanik komplikasyon oranları da artmıştır. Meydana gelen mekanik komplikasyonlar daha çok protetik üst yapı ile ilgilidir ve abutment vidasının gevşemesi, abutment vida kırığı, altyapı ve implant kırığı gibi sıralanabilir. Yapılan çalışmalarda en sık karşılaşılan mekanik komplikasyonlardan birinin ise vida gevşemesi olduğu belirtilmiştir. Meydana gelen vida gevşemesinin klinik ve radyografik olarak belirlenememesi ve bu sorunun giderilmemesi durumunda ise abutment vidasının ve implantın kırılması ile karşı karşıya kalınabilir. Abutment vidasının gevşemesinde; ön yük, yerleşme etkisi, implant abutment bağlantı tipi, restorasyon tipi, parafonksiyon ve kantilever varlığı gibi faktörlerin etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu derlemede implant destekli protezlerde meydana gelen vida gevşemesinin önemi, mekanizması ve nedenleri hakkında bilgi vermek amaçlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: implant destekli protezler, vida gevşemesi, komplikasyon

Screw Loosening on Implant Supported Prosthesis

ABSTRACT

Implant-supported restoration is one of the most commonly used treatment procedures in the rehabilitation of missing teeth. Due to its being a well-established procedure and high success rates, implant-supported restoration is gaining more attraction which also increased the rates of biological and mechanical complications in the implementations. The mechanical complications are mostly related to the prosthetic superstructure and can be listed as abutment screw loosening, abutment screw fracture, substructure and implant fracture. Among these, it is known that the screw loosening is the most commonly encountered mechanical complications. In case undetected in clinical and/or radiographic examination, screw loosening can lead to the screw or implant fractures over time. The factors associated with the screw loosening problem are the preload, the settling effect, the type of implant-abutment connection, the type of restoration, parafunction and the existance of cantilever. In this review, it is aimed to underline the importance of screw loosening in the implant supported prosthesis implementations, providing also the necessary information on the mechanism and the causes of this problem.
Key Words: implant supported prosthesis, screw loosening, complication

Anahtar Kelimeler

implant destekli protezler, vida gevşemesi, komplikasyon

Kaynakça

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