KANSER HASTALARINDA UYKU SORUNLARININ YÖNETİMİNDE NON-FARMAKOLOJİK YAKLAŞIMLAR

Öz

Kanser hastalığına bağlı tedavilerin yan etkileri ve bireye özgü psikososyal distres faktörleri sonucu kanser hastaları sıklıkla uyku bozukluklarıyla karşılaşmaktadır. Uyku bozuklukları, kanser hastalarının yaşam kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkileyebilir ve iyileşme sürecini yavaşlatabilir. Bu nedenle, bireye özgü uyku bozukluğunun tespiti ve kişiselleştirilmiş bir tedavi yöntemi gereklidir. Kanser hastalarında uyku bozuklukları için çeşitli sınıflandırmalar mevcuttur. En yaygın uyku bozuklukları arasında insomnia/uyku-uyanıklık bozuklukları, obstrüktif uyku apnesi gibi solunum problemleri, sirkadiyen ritim uyku-uyanıklık bozuklukları, huzursuz bacak sendromu gibi uyku ile ilgili hareket bozuklukları yer almaktadır. Uyku bozukluklarının şiddeti ve süresi, kanserin türüne, tedavi yöntemlerine ve psikososyal faktörlere bağlı olarak çeşitlilik gösterebilir. Bu durum, uyku bozukluklarının bireyselleştirilmiş bir yaklaşım gerektirdiği anlamına gelmektedir. Son yıllarda kanser hastalarında uyku bozukluklarının tedavisinde non-farmakolojik yöntemlerin kullanılması çeşitli avantajları nedeniyle daha fazla araştırılmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerin etkileri sayesinde kanser hastalarında uyku ve yaşam kalitesi arttığı gözlenmektedir. Örneğin, bilişsel davranışçı terapi uyku bozukluklarını tedavi etmek amacıyla yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ek olarak, non- farmakolojik yaklaşımlar arasında manipülatif yöntemler ve çeşitli zihin- beden müdahaleleri yer almaktadır. Kanser hastalarında uyku bozuklukları tedavi edilmezse, hastaların yaşam kalitesi ve vücuttaki çeşitli sistemler olumsuz etkilenebilir. Bu nedenle, kanser hastalarında uyku bozukluklarının erken tanınması ve uygun tedavi stratejilerinin belirlenmesi, uyku bozuklukları tedavisinde non-farmakolojik yöntemler aracılığıyla bireyselleştirilmiş bir tedavi sunmak için gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• uyku
• kanser
• uyku sorunları
• non-farmakolojik

NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL METHODS FOR SLEEP PROBLEMS IN PATIENTS WITH CANCER

Öz

Cancer patients often encounter sleep disorders because of the side effects of treatments related to cancer and individual psychosocial distress factors. Sleep disorders can negatively affect the quality of life of patients with cancer and the healing process. Therefore, the diagnosis of sleep disorder specific to the individual and a personalized treatment method are required. There are many classifications for sleep disorders in patients with cancer. The most common sleep disorders include insomnia/sleep-wake disorders, respiratory problems such as obstructive sleep apnea, sleep-related movement disorders such as circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, restless legs syndrome. The severity and duration of sleep disorders may vary depending on the type of cancer, treatment methods and psychosocial factors. Thus, the sleep disorders require an individualized approach. In recent years, the use of non-pharmacological methods in the treatment of sleep disorders in patients who have cancers has been investigated more due to its various advantages. Thanks to the effects of these methods, the quality of sleep and quality of life are developed in patients who have cancer. For instance, cognitive behavioral therapy is commonly applied to treat sleep disorders. In addition, other non-pharmacological approaches include manipulative methods and many mind-body interventions. If sleep disorders are not treated in patients with cancer, their quality of life and various systems in the body may be adversely affected. Therefore, early detection of sleep disorders in these patients and determination of appropriate treatment strategies are necessary to offer an individualized treatment for sleep disorders through non-pharmacological methods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sleep, cancer, sleep problems, non-pharmacological

Kaynakça

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