Metabolik Olarak Sağlıklı Obezite

Yıl 2024, , 40 - 45, 07.02.2024

Betül Koçak , Ayşenur Emirhüseyinoğlu , Müveddet Emel Alphan

https://doi.org/10.54270/atljm.2023.44

Öz

Obezite, gün geçtikçe insidansı artan ve 21. yüzyılın pandemisi olarak kabul edilen bir hastalıktır. Obeziteye neden olan genetik faktörlerin yanı sıra esas nedenler yüksek enerjili besinleri içeren, doymuş yağ ve basit şekerden zengin beslenme tipi ve hareketsiz yaşam tarzıdır. Obezite, bireyi sadece fiziksel olarak etkilemez, birçok metabolik sorunu beraberinde getirir. Ancak, her obez bireyde metabolik sağlık sorunları görülmeyebilir. “Metabolik olarak sağlıklı obezite” olarak tanımlanan bu kavramın altında birçok faktör yatmakla birlikte hepsi tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Genel geçer tanı kriterlerinin olmaması, metabolik olarak sağlıklı obezite prevalansı hakkında kesin bilgiye ulaşılmasını engellese de bu fenotipe sahip bireylerin kardiyometabolik risk açısından daha avantajlı olduğu bilinmektedir. Obezitesi olan tüm bireylerde erken ölüm, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, tip 2 diyabet ve kanser riskini azaltmak için metabolik ve kardiyovasküler anormallikler göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bu makalenin ele aldığı araştırmalar, metabolik sağlıklı obezlerden metabolik sağlıksız obezlere dönüşüm ve tezahürlerin daha iyi önlenmesi için belirleyicileri ve değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerini aydınlatmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

obezite; metabolik olarak iyi huylu, metabolik sendrom, fazla kilolu

METABOLICALLY HEALTHY OBESITY

Öz

Obesity is a disease whose incidence is increasing day by day and is accepted as the pandemic of the 21st century. In addition to genetic factors that cause obesity, the main causes are a diet containing high-energy foods, rich in saturated fat and simple sugar, and a sedentary lifestyle. Obesity does not only affect the individual physically, but also brings along many metabolic problems. However, metabolic health problems may not be seen in every obese individual. Although there are many factors underlying this concept, which is defined as "metabolically healthy obesity", not all of them have been fully elucidated. Although the lack of general diagnostic criteria prevents definitive information on the prevalence of metabolically healthy obesity, it is known that individuals with this phenotype are more advantageous in terms of cardiometabolic risk. Metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities should be considered to reduce the risk of early death, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and cancer in all individuals with obesity. Researches in this article should enlighten determinants and modifiable risk factors for better prevention of metabolic healthy obese to metabolic unhealthy obese conversions and manifestations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

obesity; metabolically benign, metabolic syndrome, overweight

Kaynakça

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