Kişisel deneyimleri ışığında osteoartrit tanısı alan hastalarda hastalık algısı: karma yöntem araştırması

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 21 - 30, 27.02.2026

Damla Bakkallar , Işıl Işık , Gül Ergün

https://doi.org/10.54270/atljm.2026.105

https://izlik.org/JA23DA54MB

Öz

Bu çalışma, osteoartrit tanısı almış ve diz protezi ameliyatı planlanan bireylerin hastalık algılarını, kişisel deneyimleri ışığında değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, karma yöntem desenine göre yürütülmüştür. Nicel aşamada 50 hasta yer alırken, nitel aşamada 10 hasta ile derinlemesine bireysel görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Hastalık Algısı Ölçeği ve Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Nicel veriler SPSS 21.0 programı ile Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal-Wallis testleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiş; nitel veriler ise Colaizzi’nin fenomenolojik analiz yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda dört ana tema belirlenmiştir: Hastalık Algısı, Hastalığın Etkileri, Tedavi ve Hastalığın Doğası. Katılımcıların en sık bildirdiği semptomlar; ağrı (%96), eklem sertliği (%96), yorgunluk (%94) ve güç kaybı (%86) olmuştur. Görüşmelerde, osteoartritin sıklıkla yaşlılıkla ilişkilendirildiği, bireylerin sosyal yaşamlarında ciddi kısıtlamalar yaşadığı ve mevcut tedavi yaklaşımlarının genellikle yetersiz bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Osteoartrit tanısı alan bireylerin hastalık algıları; tedaviye uyum, yaşam kalitesi ve cerrahiye yönelik kararları doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle hemşirelerin, hastalık algısına yönelik değerlendirme ve müdahale planlarını multidisipliner ekip içerisinde geliştirmeleri kritik öneme sahiptir.

Etik Beyan

Çalışma, Yeditepe Üniversitesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’nun onayı ile yürütülmüştür (Karar No: 770, Tarih: 07.12.2017). Aydınlatılmış Onam: Araştırma, Helsinki Bildirgesi ilkelerine uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, yöntemi ve gizlilik ilkeleri tüm katılımcılara açıklanmış, her bir katılımcıdan yazılı aydınlatılmış onam alınmıştır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu çalışma herhangi bir kurum, kuruluş veya fon tarafından maddi olarak desteklenmemiştir.

Teşekkür

Araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılan tüm hastalara katkılarından dolayı içten teşekkür ederiz.

Illness perceptions in patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis in light of their personal experiences: a mixed-methods study

https://izlik.org/JA23DA54MB

Öz

This study aimed to evaluate the illness perceptions of individuals diagnosed with osteoarthritis and scheduled for knee replacement surgery, through the lens of their personal experiences. A mixed-methods research design was employed. The quantitative phase included 50 patients, while the qualitative phase involved in-depth individual interviews with 10 patients. Data collection tools included a Personal Information Form, the Illness Perception Questionnaire, and a Semi-Structured Interview Form. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0, employing Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Qualitative data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method, yielding four main themes: Illness Perception, Impact of the Illness, Treatment, and Nature of the Illness. Pain (96%), joint stiffness (96%), fatigue (94%), and loss of strength (86%) were the most commonly reported symptoms. Qualitative findings revealed that participants frequently associated osteoarthritis with aging, experienced significant restrictions in their social lives, and perceived current treatment options as largely inadequate. Patients' perceptions of osteoarthritis significantly influence their treatment adherence, quality of life, and decisions regarding surgical intervention. Accordingly, it is essential for nurses to develop illness perception–oriented assessment and intervention strategies as part of the multidisciplinary care team.

Anahtar Kelimeler

osteoarthritis , illness perception , knee replacement , personal experience , mixed-methods

Etik Beyan

The study was approved by the Yeditepe University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Decision no: 770, Date: 07.12.2017). Informed Consent: The research was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The aim, method, and confidentiality principles of the study were explained to all participants, and written informed consent was obtained from each participant.

Destekleyen Kurum

This study did not receive any financial support from any institution, organization, or funding agency.

Teşekkür

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all patients who voluntarily participated in this research.

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