Comparison of Resistance Rates and Detection of Five Resistance Genes (Bts) in Ten Local Wheat Varieties against Common Bunt Disease

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 37 - 45, 22.08.2016

İsmail Poyraz , Nurcan Gümüş

https://doi.org/10.18036/btdc.78679

Cited By: 1

Öz

Common bunt caused by Tilletia sp. is a very destructive and dangerous fungal disease. It is a seed-borne disease in wheat and may cause serious economic losses in worldwide. Wheat cultivars including resistance genes are used as an alternative fight method instead of chemical fungicides against common bunt disease. These resistance genes in wheat are called as bt genes. Until today, a little number of bt genes in wheat has been detected by some molecular markers. There aren’t yet developed molecular markers for detection of all bt genes in wheat. In this study, detection of five bt genes called as bt-5, bt-8, bt-10, bt-11 and bt-12 was carried in ten registered local wheat varieties (Sertak 52, Bolal 2973, Demir, Kutluk, Harmankaya 99, Pehlivan, Tosun Bey, 4-11, Sönmez 01, Bezostaja-1) in Eskişehir and Bilecik regions, using PCR-based molecular markers (Microsatellite and RAPD). PCR-amplified fragments were separated on 1.3% agarose gel containing ethidium bromide (0.5 μg/ml). Gels were visualized under UV light and digitally photographed. The obtained DNA bands were scored as present or absent for detection of bt genes. For comparison, the virulence rates of five Tilletia foetida (syn. leaves) isolates against ten wheat varieties were obtained from our field results. We observed that wheat varieties including bt-10 and bt11 genes as Kutluk and 4-11 varieties are more resistant to disease in field. We showed analysis results for five bt genes in all wheat varieties and resistance rates in field.

COMPARISON OF RESISTANCE RATES AND DETECTION OF FIVE RESISTANCE GENES (BTS) IN TEN LOCAL WHEAT VARIETIES AGAINST COMMON BUNT DISEASE

Öz

Sürme (Tilletia sp.) buğdayda çok tehlikeli bir tohum hastalığıdır ve ciddi ekonomik kayıplara neden olabilir. Direnç genleri içeren buğday kültürleri, sürme hastalığına karşı mücadelede fungusidlerin yerine alternatif bir mücadele yöntemidir. Buğdaydaki bu direnç genleri bt genleri olarak adlandırılır. Bugüne kadar buğdayda bt genlerinin çok az bir kısmı bazı moleküler markörler ile tespit edilmiştir. Buğdayda tüm bt genlerinin tespiti için geliştirilmiş moleküler markörler bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, PCR tabanlı moleküler markörler (Mikrosatellit ve RAPD) kullanılarak tescilli 10 buğday çeşidinde (Sertak 52, Bolal 2973, Demir, Kutluk, Harmankaya 99, Pehlivan, Tosun Bey, 4-11, Sönmez 01, Bezostaja-1) bazı bt genlerinin (bt-5, bt-8, bt-10, bt-11 and bt-12) tespiti gerçekleştirilmiştir. PCR ile çoğaltılan fragmentler, ethidium bromide (0.5 μg/ml) içeren %1.3’lük agaroz jelde ayrılmıştır. Jeller UV ışık altında gözlenmiş ve dijital olarak fotoğraflanmıştır. Elde edilen DNA bantları bt genleri için var veya yok olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Karşılaştırma yapmak için, 10 buğday çeşidine karşı beş Tilletia foetida (syn. leaves) izolatının hastalık yapma oranı tarla verilerinden elde edilmiştir. Kutluk ve 4-11 gibi bt10 ve bt11 genlerini içeren buğday çeşitlerin tarlada hastalığa karşı daha dirençli oldukları gözlenmiştir. Tüm buğday çeşitlerindeki beş bt geni için analiz sonuçları ve tarladaki direnç oranlarını gösterilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Buğday, Bt direnç genleri, Sürme, Moleküler markörler

Kaynakça

• Matanguihan JB, Jones SS. A New Pathogenic Race of Tilletia caries possessing the broadest virulence spectrum of known races Online Plant Health Progress, 2011. doi:10.1094/PHP-2010-0520- RS.
• Yarullina LG, Kasimova RI, Kuluev BR, Surina OB, Yarullina LM, Ibragimov R I. Comparative Study of bunt pathogen resistance to the effects of fungicides in callus co-cultures Triticum aestivum with Tilletia caries Agricultural Sciences 5: 906-912, 2014.
• El-Naimi M, Toubia-Rahme H, Mamluk OF. Organic seed-treatment as a substitute for chemical seed-treatment to control common bunt of wheat European Journal of Plant Pathology 106: 433-437, Josefsen L, Christiansen KS. PCR as a tool for the early detection and diagnosis of common bunt in wheat, caused by Tilletia tritici Mycol. Res. 106: 1287-1292, 2002.
• Waldow F, Jahn M. Investigations in the regulation of common bunt (Tilletia tritici) of winter wheat with regard to threshold values, cultivar susceptibility and non-chemical protection measures Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 114: 269-275, 2007.
• Dumalasová V, Bartoš P. Effect of Inoculum Doses on Common Bunt Infection on Wheat Caused by Tilletia tritici and T. laevis Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. 44 (2): 73-77, 2008.
• Goates BJ, Wilcoxson RD, Saari EE. “common bunt and dwarf bunt” Bunt and Smut Diseases of Wheat Concepts and Methods of Disease Management CIMMYT 19-30, 1996.
• Laroche A, Demeke T, Gaudet DA, Puchalscki B, Frick M, Mckenzie R. Development of the PCR marker for rapid identification of the Bt10 gene for common bunt resistance in wheat Genome : 217-223, 2000.
• Fofana B, Humphreys DG, Cloutier S, McCartney CA, Somers DJ. Mapping quantitative trait loci controlling common bunt resistance in a doubled haploid population derived from the spring wheat cross RL4452xAC Domain Mol Breeding 21: 317-325, 2008.
• Wang S, Knox RE, DePauw RM, Clarke FR, Clarke JM, Thomas JB. Markers to a common bunt resistance gene derived from ‘Blizzard’ wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and mapped To chromosome arm 1BS Theor. Appl. Genetics 119: 541–553, 2009.
• Ganal MW, Röder MS. Microsatellite and SNP markers in wheat breeding. In: Varshney RK, Tuberosa R. (Eds.) Genomics Assisted Crop Improvement: Genomics Applications in Crops 2: 1-24, Doyle JJ, Doyle JL. A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue Phytochem. Bull. 19: 11-15, 1987.
• Ingold CT. The basidium of Tilletia and its evolution Mycologist 11(3): 98-100, 1997.
• Datta R, Singh H, Gupta VS, Ranjekar PK, Dhaliwal HS. Gene-for-gene relationship for resistance in wheat to isolates of Karnal bunt Neovossiaindica Plant Breeding 118: 362-364, 1999. http://arastirma.tarim.gov.tr/gktaem/Menu/12/Tescilli-Cesitlerimiz. Zone Agricultural Research Institute: Registered varieties. http://arastirma.tarim.gov.tr/ttae/Link/1/Cesitlerimiz. of Trakya Agricultural Research Institute: Registered varieties.
• Menzies JG, Knox RE, Popovic Z, Procunier JD. Common bunt resistance gene Bt10 located on wheat chromosome 6D. Canadian Journal of Plant Sciences 86:1409-1412, 2006.
• Cota LC, Pamfil D, Botez C, Grigoras M. Preliminary Studies on Microsatellite Marker Analysis of Resistance to Common Bunt in several Wheat Genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj 38/2: 42-47, 2010.