Interdental Stripping Techniques in Orthodontics

Öz

Interdental stripping involves removal of enamel from the mesial or distal surfaces of the teeth. It is a common procedure in orthodontics. The indications for interdental stripping are lack of space, Bolton tooth-size discrepancy, tooth reshaping, maintenance of dental arch stabilization, correction of morphologic anomalies and black triangles. Since 1944, when Ballard first used interdental stripping for the anterior segment, there have been many different techniques created for it. Several procedures are used in daily orthodontics to perform precise interdental stripping as part of the treatment plan. These procedures are metal strip, stripping disks, air rotor stripping, segmental disks, Profin stripping tips and sonic stripping tips. When side effects of interdental stripping in clinical indications are assessed, long-term results of interdental stripping show no iatrogenic damage, dental caries, gingival problems, or increased alveolar bone loss. However, numerous studies show that removal of this outer enamel leaves many grooves and furrows on the surfaces of the teeth. Polishing the stripped enamel surface after interdental stripping can decrease surface roughness. In this review, it is aimed to evaluate the clinical indications, properties, working principles, effects and side effects of the interdental stripping techniques recently used in the orthodontic treatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• interdental stripping
• interproximal reduction
• orthodontics
• space gaining

ORTODONTİDE ARAYÜZ AŞINDIRMA YÖNTEMLERİ

Öz

Arayüz aşındırması, dişin mesial veya distal yüzeyinden minenin aşındırılmasını içermektedir. Ortodontide yaygın kullanılan bir işlemdir. Arayüz aşındırmasının endikasyon-ları yer darlığı, Bolton diş-boyut uyumsuzluğu, diş formlarının düzeltilmesi, dental arkın stabilizasyonun sağlanması, morfolojik anomalilerin ve üçgen alanların düzeltilmesidir. 1944’te Ballard'ın anterior bölgede ilk kez arayüz aşındırması uygulamasından beri, bunun için birçok farklı teknik geliştirilmiştir. Günümüzde ortodonti alanında arayüz aşındırması, birçok yöntem kullanılarak tedavi planlamasına dahil edilmektedir. Bu yöntemler stripping zımparaları, stripping diskleri, air rotor stripping, segmental diskler, Profin stripping uçları ve sonik stripping uçlarıdır. Arayüz aşındırmasının klinik uygulamalar sonucu yan etkileri değerlendirildiğinde, arayüz aşındırmasının uzun dönem sonuçlarında herhangi bir iyatrojenik hasara, dental çürüğe, gingival problemlere yada alveolar kemik kaybında artışa rastlanmamıştır. Ancak birçok çalışma, minenin aşındırılması sonrası diş yüzeyinde olukların ve çizgilerin kaldığını göstermiştir. Arayüz aşındırması sonrası aşındırılmış mine yüzeyinin parlatılması ise yüzey pürüzlülüğünü azaltabilmektedir. Bu derlemede arayüz aşındırma tekniklerinin özellikleri, çalışma prensipleri, etkileri ve yan etkilerinin güncellenerek değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• interdental stripping
• interproksimal redüksiyon
• ortodonti
• yer kazanma

Kaynakça

1. 1. Rossouw PE, Tortorella A. Enamel reduction procedures in orthodontic treatment. Vol. 69, Journal (Canadian Dental Association). 2003. p. 378–83.
2. 2. Barcoma E, Shroff B, Best AM, Shoff MC, Lindauer SJ. Interproximal reduction of teeth: Differences in perspective between orthodontists and dentists. Angle Orthod. 2015;85(5):820–5.
3. 3. Peck H, Peck S. An index for assessing tooth shape deviations as applied to the mandibular incisors. Am J Orthod. 1972;61(4):384–401.
4. 4. Peck S, Peck H. Crown dimensions and mandibular incisor alignment. Angle Orthod. 1972;42(2):148–53.
5. 5. Lapenaite E, Lopatiene K. Interproximal enamel reduction as a part of orthodontic treatment. Balt Dent Maxillofac J [Internet]. 2014;16(1):19–24. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24824056
6. 6. Tarnow DP, Magner AW, Fletcher P. The effect of the distance from the contact point to the crest of bone on the presence or absence of the interproximal dental papilla. J Periodontol. 1992;63(12):995–6.
7. 7. Manisalı Y, Koray F. Ağız-dİş embriyolojisi ve histoloji si. İstanbul: Yenilik Basımevi. 1982;73–98.
8. 8. Gillings B, Buonocore M. An Investigation of Enamel Thickness in Human Lower Incisor Teeth. J Dent Res. 1961;40(1):105–18.

9. 9. Harris EF, Hicks JD. A radiographic assessment of enamel thickness in human maxillary incisors. Arch Oral Biol. 1998;43(10):825–31.
10. 10. Tagtekin DA, Öztürk F, Lagerweij M, Hayran O, Stookey GK, Çaliskan Yanikoglu F. Thickness measurement of worn molar cusps by ultrasound. Caries Res. 2005;39(2):139–43.
11. 11. Hall NE, Lindauer SJ, Tüffekçi E, Shroff B. Predictors of variation in mandibular incisor enamel thickness. J Am Dent Assoc. 2007;138(6):809–15.
12. 12. Hudson AL. A study of the effects of mesiodistal reduction of mandibular anterior teeth. Am J Orthod. 1956;42(8):615–24.
13. 13. Sheridan JJ. Air-rotor stripping. J Clin Orthod JCO. 1985;19(1):43.
14. 14. Piacentini C, Sfondrini G. A scanning electron microscopy comparison of enamel polishing methods after air-rotor stripping. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;109(1):57–63.
15. 15. Joseph VP, Rossouw PE, Basson NJ. Orthodontic microabrasive reproximation. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 1992;102(4):351–9.
16. 16. Tuverson DL. Anterior interocclusal relations Part I. Am J Orthod. 1980;78(4):361–70.
17. 17. Stroud JL, Buschang PH, Goaz PW. Sexual dimorphism in mesiodistal dentin and enamel thickness. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 1994;23(3):169–71.
18. 18. Bolton W. Disharmony in tooth size and it relation to the analysis and treatment of maloclussion. Vol. 28, The Angle orthodontist. 1958. p. 113–30.
19. 19. Bishara SE, Denehy GE, Goepferd SJ. A conservative postorthodontic treatment of enamel stains. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 1987;92(1):2–7.
20. 20. Stroud JL, English J, Buschang PH. Enamel thickness of the posterior dentition: Its implications for nonextraction treatment. Angle Orthod. 1998;68(2):141–6.
21. 21. Germeç D, Taner TU. Effects of extraction and nonextraction therapy with air-rotor stripping on facial esthetics in postadolescent borderline patients. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2008;133(4):539–49.
22. 22. Peck H, Peck S. Reproximation (enamel stripping) as an essential orthodontic treatment ingredient. In: Transactions of the 3rd international orthodontic congress London: Staples. 1975. p. 513–23.
23. 23. Nie Q, Lin J. Comparison of intermaxillary tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999;116(5):539–44.
24. 24. Aasen TO, Espeland L. An approach to maintain orthodontic alignment of lower incisors without the use of retainers. Eur J Orthod. 2005;27(3):209–14.
25. 25. Sheridan JJ, Ledoux PM. Air-rotor stripping and proximal sealants. An SEM evaluation. J Clin Orthod JCO. 1989;23(12):790–4.
26. 26. Danesh G, Hellak A, Lippold C, Ziebura T, Schafer E. Enamel surfaces following interproximal reduction with different methods. Angle Orthod. 2007;77(6):1004–10.
27. 27. Arman A, Cehreli SB, Ozel E, Arhun N, Çetinşahin A, Soyman M. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of enamel after various stripping methods. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2006;130(2).
28. 28. Meredith L, Farella M, Lowrey S, Cannon RD, Mei L. Atomic force microscopy analysis of enamel nanotopography after interproximal reduction. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2017;151(4):750–7.
29. 29. Goodman J. Interproximal Reduction (IPR) for Dummies. Oral Heal Journal, Oral Heal Group Accessed. 2015;22.
30. 30. Zingler S, Sommer A, Sen S, Saure D, Langer J, Guillon O, et al. Efficiency of powered systems for interproximal enamel reduction (IER) and enamel roughness before and after polishing—an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig. 2016;20(5):933–42.
31. 31. Ten Cate JM, Arends J. Remineralization of artificial enamel lesions in vitro: III. A study of the deposition mechanism. Caries Res. 1980;14(6):351–8.
32. 32. Arana EM. Clinical observations of enamel after acid-etch procedure. J Am Dent Assoc. 1974;89(5):1102–6.
33. 33. Garberoglio R, Cozzani G. In vivo Effect of Oral Environment on Etched Enamel: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study. J Dent Res. 1979;58(9):1859–65.
34. 34. Zachrisson BU, Nyøygaard L, Mobarak K. Dental health assessed more than 10 years after interproximal enamel reduction of mandibular anterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2007;131(2):162–9.
35. 35. Twesme DA, Firestone AR, Heaven TJ, Feagin FF, Jacobson A. Air-rotor stripping and enamel demineralization in vitro. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 1994;105(2):142–52.
36. 36. Crain G, Sheridan JJ. Susceptibility to caries and periodontal disease after posterior air-rotor stripping. J Clin Orthod JCO. 1990;24(2):84–5.
37. 37. Hirschfeld L, Wasserman B. A Long-Term Survey of Tooth Loss in 600 Treated Periodontal Patients. J Periodontol [Internet]. 1978;49(5):225–37. Available from: http://www.joponline.org/doi/10.1902/jop.1978.49.5.225
38. 38. Laurell L, Romao C, Hugoson A. Longitudinal study on the distribution of proximal sites showing significant bone loss. J Clin Periodontol. 2003;30(4):346–52.
39. 39. Trossello VK, Gianelly AA. Orthodontic treatment and periodontal status. J Periodontol. 1979;50(12):665–71.
40. 40. Betteridge MA. The effects of interdental stripping on the labial segments evaluated one year out of retention. Br J Orthod. 1981;8(4):193–7.
41. 41. Shillingburg Jr HT, Grace CS. Thickness of enamel and dentin. Journal-Southern Calif Dent Assoc. 1973;41(1):33.
42. 42. Sikorska-Bochińska J, Jamroszczyk K, Łagocka R, Lipski M, Nowicka A. Dentinal hypersensivity after vertical stripping of enamel. In: Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 2009. p. 65–7.
43. 43. Zach L, Cohen G. Pulp response to externally applied heat. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 1965;19(4):515–30.
44. 44. Nyborg H, Brännström M. Pulp reaction to heat. J Prosthet Dent. 1968;19(6):605–12.
45. 45. Baysal A, Uysal T, Usumez S. Temperature rise in the pulp chamber during different stripping procedures: An in vitro study. Angle Orthod. 2007;77(3):478–82.
46. 46. Ottl P, Lauer H-C. Temperature response in the pulpal chamber during ultrahigh-speed tooth preparation with diamond burs of different grit. J Prosthet Dent. 1998;80(1):12–9.
47. 47. Peyton FA. Temperature rise in teeth developed by rotating instruments. J Am Dent Assoc. 1955;50(6):629–32.
48. 48. Öztürk B, Üşümez A, Öztürk AN, Ozer F. In vitro assessment of temperature change in the pulp chamber during cavity preparation. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;91(5):436–40.
49. 49. Pereira JC d’Ornellas, Weissheimer A, de Menezes LM, de Lima EMS, Mezomo M. Change in the pulp chamber temperature with different stripping techniques. Prog Orthod. 2014;15(1):1–6.