Eşleşme Teorisi ve Piyasa Tasarımı

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 69 Sayı: 02, 379 - 405, 01.02.2014

M. Kadir Doğan

https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002316

Öz

Eşleşme teorisi, bölünmez kaynakların dağıtımını, değişimini ve birbirleriyle eşleşmesini inceleyen, oyun teorisi ve mekanizma tasarımı araçlarını kullanan ve mikroiktisatın son otuz yılda hızla gelişen bir alanıdır. 2012 yılında, Nobel ekonomi ödülü, eşleşme teorisi ve piyasa tasarımı alanındaki katkılarından dolayı iki iktisatçıya, Alvin E. Roth ve Lloyd S. Shapley’e verilmiştir. Bu ödül, eşleşme teorisinin ve piyasa tasarımının önemini bir kez daha vurgulamıştır. Öte yandan Türkiye’de eşleşme teorisi alanı pek bilinmemektedir. Bu makalenin amacı, eşleşme teorisi ve piyasa tasarımı konusunda literatürdeki bazı önemli modelleri ve sonuçları anlatarak bu alanın tanınmasına katkı sağlamaktır. Bu amaçla çalışmada, iki taraflı ve tek taraflı eşleşme piyasaları, okul seçimi problemi, üniversitelere öğrenci yerleştirme problemi ve böbrek değişimi için piyasa tasarımı incelenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eşleşme, piyasa tasarımı, okul seçimi, öğrenci yerleşimi, böbrek değişimi

Matching Theory and Market Design

Öz

During the past 30 years, matching theory has become a rapidly growing branch of microeconomics that analyzes the allocation, exchange and matching of indivisible resources while using the tools of game theory and mechanism design. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to two economists, Alvin E. Roth and Lloyd S. Shapley, for their contributions to matching theory and market design, highlighting the importance of these paradigms. On the other hand, the field of matching theory is not known well in Turkey. The purpose of this article is to contribute to the recognition of matching theory and market design by introducing some of the fundamental models and results in this field. Therefore, two-sided and one-sided matching markets, school choice problem, student placement problem and market design for kidney exchange are examined in this study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Matching, market design, school choice, student placement, kidney exchange

Kaynakça

• Abdulkadiroglu, A. (2013). School Choice. Oxford Handbook of Market Design. A. R. Z. Neeman, N. Vulkan, Oxford University Press.
• Abdulkadiroglu, A., P. A. Pathak and A. E. Roth (2005a). "The New York City high school match." American Economic Review 95(2): 364-367.
• Abdulkadiroglu, A., P. A. Pathak and A. E. Roth (2009). "Strategy-proofness versus Efficiency in Matching with Indifferences: Redesigning the NYC High School Match." American Economic Review 99(5): 1954-1978.
• Abdulkadiroglu, A., P. A. Pathak, A. E. Roth and T. Sonmez (2005b). "The Boston Public School match." American Economic Review 95(2): 368-371.
• Abdulkadiroglu, A. and T. Sonmez (1999). "House allocation with existing tenants." Journal of Economic Theory 88(2): 233-260.
• Abdulkadiroglu, A. and T. Sonmez (2003). "School choice: A mechanism design approach." American Economic Review 93(3): 729-747.
• Abdu lkadiroglu, A. and T. Sönmez (2013). Matching Markets: Theory and Practice. Advances in Economics and Econometrics. M. A. D. Acemoglu, E. Dekel Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 3-47.
• Alcalde, J. and S. Barberà (1994). "Top dominance and the possibility of strategy-proof stable solutions to matching problems." Economic Theory 4(3): 417-435.
• Balinski, M. and T. Sonmez (1999). "A tale of two mechanisms: Student placement." Journal of Economic Theory 84(1): 73-94.
• Calsamiglia, C., G. Haeringer and F. Klijn (2010). "Constrained School Choice: An Experimental Study." American Economic Review 100(4): 1860-1874.
• Dogan, M. K. and T. Yuret (2011). "Comparative advantage and preferences in college admissions in Turkey." Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 15: 1862-1865.
• Doğan, M. K. (2009). "Matching with Restricted Preferences." Sosyoekonomi 5(10): 109-120.
• Doğan, M. K. and T. Yuret (2010). "Üniversitelere Öğrenci Yerleştirme Sisteminde Tercih Bildirimindeki Kısıtlamanın Etkileri." A.Ü. SBF Dergisi 65(2): 59-88.
• Dubins, L. E. and D. A. Freedman (1981). "Machiavelli and the Gale-Shapley Algorithm." American Mathematical Monthly 88(7): 485-494.
• Erdil, A. and H. Ergin (2008). "What's the matter with tie-breaking? Improving efficiency in school choice." American Economic Review 98(3): 669-689.
• Gale, D. and L. S. Shapley (1962). "College Admissions and Stability of Marriage." American Mathematical Monthly 69(1): 9-&.
• Haeringer, G. and F. Klijn (2009). "Constrained school choice." Journal of Economic Theory 144(5): 1921-1947.
• Hylland, A. and R. Zeckhauser (1979). "Efficient Allocation of Individuals to Positions." Journal of Political Economy 87(2): 293-314.
• Irving, R. W. and P. Leather (1986). "The Complexity of Counting Stable Marriages." Siam Journal on Computing 15(3): 655-667.
• Jackson, M. O. (2013). "Economic Engineering and the Design of Matching Markets: The Contributions of Alvin E. Roth." Scandinavian Journal of Economics 115(3): 619-639. Kesten, O. (2010). "School Choice with Consent." Quarterly Journal of Economics 125(3): 129713
• Knuth, D. E. (1976). Marriages Stables, Les Presses de LUniversite de Montreal.
• Roth, A. E. (1982a). "Incentive Compatibility in a Market with Indivisible Goods." Economics Letters 9(2): 127-132.
• Roth, A. E. (1982b). "The Economics of Matching - Stability and Incentives." Mathematics of Operations Research 7(4): 617-628.
• Roth, A. E. (1984). "The Evolution of the Labor-Market for Medical Interns and Residents - a CaseStudy in Game-Theory." Journal of Political Economy 92(6): 991-1016.
• Roth, A. E. (1986). "On the Allocation of Residents to Rural Hospitals: A General Property of TwoSided Matching Markets." Econometrica, 54, 425-427.
• Roth, A. E. and A. Postlewaite (1977). "Weak Versus Strong Domination in a Market with Indivisible Goods." Journal of Mathematical Economics 4(2): 131-137.
• Roth, A. E., T. Sonmez and M. U. Unver (2004). "Kidney exchange." Quarterly Journal of Economics 119(2): 457-488.
• Roth, A. E., T. Sonmez and M. U. Unver (2005a). "Pairwise kidney exchange." Journal of Economic Theory 125(2): 151-188.
• Roth, A. E., T. Sonmez and M. U. Unver (2005b). "A kidney exchange clearinghouse in New England." American Economic Review 95(2): 376-380.
• Roth, A. E., T. Sonmez and M. U. Unver (2007). "Efficient kidney exchange: Coincidence of wants in markets with compatibility-based preferences." American Economic Review 97(3): 828-85
• Roth, A. E. and M. Sotomayor (1989). "The College Admissions Problem Revisited." Econometrica 57(3): 559-570.
• Roth, A. E. and M. Sotomayor (1990). Two-Sided Matching: A Study in Game-Theoretic Modeling and Analysis Cambridge University Press.
• Serrano, R. (2013). "Lloyd Shapley's Matching and Game Theory." Scandinavian Journal of Economics 115(3): 599-618.
• Shapley, L. and H. Scarf (1974). "On Cores and Indivisibilitiy." Journal of Mathematical Economics 1: 23-28.
• Sönmez, T. and M. U. Ünver (2011). Matching, Allocation, and Exchange of Discrete Resources. Handbook of Social Economics. A. B. J. Benhabib, M. Jackson. The Netherlands, NorthHolland. 1A: 781-852.
• Sönmez, T. and M. U. Ünver (2013). Market Design for Kidney Exchange. Oxford Handbook of Market Design. A. R. Z. Neeman, N. Vulkan, Oxford University Press.