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E-TİCARET ENGELLERİNİN E-TİCARET KULLANMA EĞİLİMİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE'DEKİ İHRACATÇI KOBİ'LER ÜZERİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Yıl 2006, Cilt: 61 Sayı: 4, 37 - 58, 05.02.2015

Öz

Çalışma internet temelli elektronik ticaret (EC) engellerinin Türkiye'de faaliyet gösteren küçük ve orta boy işletmelerin (KOBİ) e-ticaret kullanma eğilimleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktadır. E-ticaret engelleri 21 değişken, e-ticaret kullanma eğilimi ise bir değişken ile ölçülmüştür. Araştırma web tabanlı anket yardımıyla, e-ticaret kullanmayan, 204 KOBİ üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk önce e-ticaret engellerinin temel gruplarını belirleyebilmek üzere açıklayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiş ve dört grup saptanmıştır. Bu gruplar; kültürel adaptasyon, teknolojik adaptasyon, piyasa olgunluğu ve süre özelliğidir. Piyasa olgunluğu doğrulayıcı faktör analizine göre iyi bir uyum düzeyine sahip olmadığı için analiz dışında tutulmuştur. Daha sonra, üç hipotez kurulmuş ve yapısal denklem modellemesi (SEM) yardımıyla test edilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, KOBİ'lerin E-ticaret kullanma eğilimi anlamlı bir şekilde teknolojik adaptasyondan (H2) ve süre özelliğinden (H3) etkilenmektedir. Sonuç olarak hipotezlerden ikisi kabul, biri reddedilmiştir. Teknolojik adaptasyonun alt değişkenleri olarak çalışanların eğitimi ve teknik becerisi ile süre özelliğinin bir alt değişkeni olan yatırım belirsizliği e-ticaret kullanma eğilimi üzerinde en büyük etkiye sahiptir.

Kaynakça

  • JZEN, ı. (1991), "The Theory ofl Planned Behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decisian Processes, 50: 1f9-211.
  • AJZEN, ı. (1988), Attitudes, personat'ty, and Behaviar, (Chicago: Dorsey).
  • ALLEN, Jeffrey W. i DAVIS, Duane .1 MORRIS, Michael H. Morris (1994), "Fostering Corporate Entrepreneurship: crosıculturaı Comparisons of the Importance of Individualism versus Collectivism," Jo rnal of International Business Studies, 25/1: 65-89.
  • AVRAM, Gabriela (2001), "Evaluati n of Investments in E.commerce in the Romanian Business Environment," Electronk Journal of Informations Systems Evaluation, Paper: 3, Issue:1. i
  • BAKOS, Yannis i BRYNJOLFSSON, ~ik (2000), "Bundling and Competition on the Internet," Marketing Science, 19/1 63-82.
  • CALDER, B.J. i PHILIPS, Lynn W. it BOUT, A.M. (1981 l, "Designing Research for Application," Journal of Consumer Re earch, 8: 197-207.
  • CHAN, E. i SWATMAN, P.M.C. (199 ), "Electronic Comn:ıerce: A Component Model," 3rd Annual CollECTeR Conference lon Eectronic Commerce, 29 November (Wellington, New Zealand).
  • CHAPMAN, Paul i JAMES-MOORE, ~ike i SZCZYGIEL, Michael i THOMPSON, Diana (2000), " Building Internet Capabirities in SMEs," Logistics Information Management, 13/6: 353- 360.
  • CHAU, Patrick Y. K. i HUI, Kai Luhg (2001), "Determinants of Smail Business EDI Adoption:An Empirical Investigation~" Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 11 14:229-25t
  • CHIRCU, Alina M. i KAUFFMAN, Rp,bert J. (2000), "Limits to Value in Electronic CommerceRelated IT Investments,' Journal of Management Information Systems, 17/2: 59-80.
  • CHONG, Sandy i BAUER, Christian (~OOO), "A Model of Factor Influences on Electronic Commerce Adoption and Diffusioh in Smail. and Medium-sized Enterprises," Pacific Asia Conference on Infor1' ation Systems, 2000 290- 301. http://www .pacisnet.org/file/2000/290- 01.pdf
  • COLECCHIA, Alessandra, "Defining and Measuring Electronic Commerce Towards the Development of an OECD Methodolog-f," http://www.singstat.gov.sg/conferences/ ecl d8. pdf
  • (ORBtTT, Brian J. i THANASANKıT, ~heerasak i HAN, Yi (2003), "Trust And E-(ommerce: A Study of Consumer Perceptio~s," Electronic Commerce Research And Applications, 2: 203- 215. i
  • CRAGG, Paul B. i KING, Malcolm (1993), "Small-firm Computing: Motivators and Inhibitors," MIS Quarterly (March): 47-~0.
  • DANJEL, Elizabeth (2003), "An Expl6ration of the Inside-Out Model: E-(ommerce Integration In UK SMEs," Journal of smaıı Business and Enterprise Development, 10/3: 233-249.
  • DANIEL, Elizabeth i WILSON, Hugh (2002), "Adoption Intentions and Benefits Realised: A Study of E- Commerce In UK SMEs," Journal of Smail Business and Enterprise Development, 9/4: 331-348.
  • DAVIS, Fred D.I BAGOZZI, Richard P. i WARSHAW, Paul R. (1989), "User Acceptance of Computer Technology of Two Theoretical Models," Management Science, 35/8 : 982-1003.
  • EC Komisyon Raporu, http://europa.eu. intleur-lex/pri/en/oj /datl20031124/l 12420030520en00360041.pdf
  • FARHOOMAND, Ali F. / TUUNAINEN, Virpi Kristiina / YEE, Lester W. (2000), "Barriers to Global Electronic Commerce: A Cross-Country Study of Hong Kong and Finland," Journalaf Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 10/1: 23-48
  • FILLlS, lan / JOHANSSON, Ulf / WAGNER, Beverly (2003), "A Conceptualisation of the Opportunities and Barriers to E-Business Development in the Smaller Firm," Journal af Smail Business and Enterprise Development, 10/3: 336-344
  • FLYNN, Anthony / PURCHASE, Sharon (2001), "Perceptions of Barriers to E-Commerce," Australian and New lea/and Marketing Academy Conference (ANlMAC), (Auckland: Auckland, Massey University): 1: 1-6.
  • GOODE, Sigi (2002), "Management Attitudes toward the World Wide Web in Australian Small Business," Information Systems Management, Winter: 45-48.
  • GUNASEKARAN,A. / NGAI, E.W.T. (2005), "E-commerce in Hong Kong: an Empirical Perspective and Analysis," Internet Research, 15/2: 141-159
  • GÜZEY, Yıldız Y. (2001), "Trust, Confidence and e-Commerce in Cyberspace, Management of Engineering and Technology," 2001 PICMET01. Portland International Conference on Vol:l, 29 July- 2 Aug.: 155-156
  • HILLAM, C. E. / EDWARDS, H. M (2001), "A Case Study Approach To Evaluation of Information Technology/Information Systems (IT /IS) Investment Evaluation Processes Within SMEs," Electronic Journalaf Informations Systems Evaluation, Paper: 1, Issue: 1.
  • HOFFMAN, Donna L. / NOVAK, Thomas P. (1997), "A New Marketing Paradigm for Electronic Commerce," The Information Society, 13: 43-54.
  • HOFSTEDE, Geert (2001), Culture's Consequences, 2nd Edition, Sage Pub.
  • HOLLENSTEIN, Heinz / WÖRTER, Martin (2004), "The Decision to Adopt Internet-based ECommerce an Empirical Analysis Based on Swiss Firm-level Data," 15th Biennial Conference of the International Telecommunications Society (ITS) Connecting Societies and Markets: Communication Technology, Policyand Impacts Berlin, 4-7 September.
  • HOLSAPPLE, Clyde W. / SINGH, Meenu (2000), "Electronic Commerce: From a Definitional Taxonomy Toward a Knowledge-Management View," Journal Of Organizatlonol Computing and E/ectranic Commerce, 10/3: 149-170.
  • IGBARIA, Magid / ZINATELLI, Nancy / CRAGG, Paul / CAVAYE, Angele L.M. (1997), "Personal Computing Acceptance Factors in Small Firms: A Structural Equation Model," MIS Quarterly, September: 279-305.
  • JEFFCOATE, Judith / CHAPPEL, Caroline / FElNOT, Sylvie (2002), "Best Practice in SMEAdoption of E-Commerce," Benchmarking: An International Journal, 9/2: 122-132.
  • JENNEX, Murray E. / AMOROSO, Don / ADELAKUN, Olayele (2004), "E-Commerce Infrastructure Success Factors for SmaIL Companies in Developing Economies," Electronic Commerce Research, 4: 263-286.
  • JONES, Paul / BEYNON-DAVIES, Paul / MUIR, Elizabeth (2003), "E-Business Barriers To Growth within the SME Sector," Journalaf Systems & Information Technology, 7/1-2: 1-26 http://www- business.ecu.edu.au/josit17(2)%20Special/ Jones.pdf
  • JUTLA, Dawn / BODORIK, Peter / DHALlWAL, Jasbir (2002), "Supporting the E-Business Readiness of Small And Medium.Sized Enterprises: Approaches And Metrics," Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy, 12/2: 139-164.
  • KAYNAK, Erdener / TATOGLU, Ekrem / KULA, Veysel (2005), "An Analysis of The Faetors Affeeting The Adoption of Eleetronie Commeree By SMEs Evidenee From An Emerging Market," International Marketing Review, 22/6: 623-640.
  • KENDALL, Jan O. i TUNG, Lai Lai i CHUA, Khoon Hui i HONG, Chia ING, Oennisl TAN, Suan Meng (2001), "Receptivity of Singapore's SMEs to Electronic Commerce Adoption," Journalaf Strategic Information Systems, 10: 233-242.
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  • KOSGEB KOBi Rehberi, http://www.kosgeb.gov.tr/Ekler/Oosyalar/BHgiBankasi/5/Kobi Rehberi. QQf
  • KOSGEB.http://www.kosgeb.gov.tr/Ekler IOosyalar IYayin/130/saha%20arastirma%20on%20 degerlendirme. pdf
  • LAWSON, Robyn i ALCOCK, Carole/COOPER, Joan i BURGESS, Lois (2003), "Factors Affecting Adoption of Electronic Commerce Technologies by SMEs: An Australian Study," Journal of Smail Business and Enterprise Development, 10/3: 265-276.
  • LEAHY, John V. i WHITEO, Toni M. (1996), "The Effect of Uncertainty on Investment : Some Stylized Facts," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 28/1: 6'4-83.
  • LEWIS, Rhiannon i COCKRILL, Antje (2002), "Going Global-Remaining Local: The Impact of E. Commerce on 5mall RetaH Firms In Wales," International Journal of Information Management, 22: 195-209.
  • L1NG, Chong Yee (2001), " Model of Factors Influences on Electronic Commerce Adoption and Oiffusion in Small. & Medium.sized Enterprises," http:/ i ecis2001. fov. uni. mb. si i doctoral IStudentsl ECIS-DCChong. pdf
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Yıl 2006, Cilt: 61 Sayı: 4, 37 - 58, 05.02.2015

Öz

Kaynakça

  • JZEN, ı. (1991), "The Theory ofl Planned Behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decisian Processes, 50: 1f9-211.
  • AJZEN, ı. (1988), Attitudes, personat'ty, and Behaviar, (Chicago: Dorsey).
  • ALLEN, Jeffrey W. i DAVIS, Duane .1 MORRIS, Michael H. Morris (1994), "Fostering Corporate Entrepreneurship: crosıculturaı Comparisons of the Importance of Individualism versus Collectivism," Jo rnal of International Business Studies, 25/1: 65-89.
  • AVRAM, Gabriela (2001), "Evaluati n of Investments in E.commerce in the Romanian Business Environment," Electronk Journal of Informations Systems Evaluation, Paper: 3, Issue:1. i
  • BAKOS, Yannis i BRYNJOLFSSON, ~ik (2000), "Bundling and Competition on the Internet," Marketing Science, 19/1 63-82.
  • CALDER, B.J. i PHILIPS, Lynn W. it BOUT, A.M. (1981 l, "Designing Research for Application," Journal of Consumer Re earch, 8: 197-207.
  • CHAN, E. i SWATMAN, P.M.C. (199 ), "Electronic Comn:ıerce: A Component Model," 3rd Annual CollECTeR Conference lon Eectronic Commerce, 29 November (Wellington, New Zealand).
  • CHAPMAN, Paul i JAMES-MOORE, ~ike i SZCZYGIEL, Michael i THOMPSON, Diana (2000), " Building Internet Capabirities in SMEs," Logistics Information Management, 13/6: 353- 360.
  • CHAU, Patrick Y. K. i HUI, Kai Luhg (2001), "Determinants of Smail Business EDI Adoption:An Empirical Investigation~" Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 11 14:229-25t
  • CHIRCU, Alina M. i KAUFFMAN, Rp,bert J. (2000), "Limits to Value in Electronic CommerceRelated IT Investments,' Journal of Management Information Systems, 17/2: 59-80.
  • CHONG, Sandy i BAUER, Christian (~OOO), "A Model of Factor Influences on Electronic Commerce Adoption and Diffusioh in Smail. and Medium-sized Enterprises," Pacific Asia Conference on Infor1' ation Systems, 2000 290- 301. http://www .pacisnet.org/file/2000/290- 01.pdf
  • COLECCHIA, Alessandra, "Defining and Measuring Electronic Commerce Towards the Development of an OECD Methodolog-f," http://www.singstat.gov.sg/conferences/ ecl d8. pdf
  • (ORBtTT, Brian J. i THANASANKıT, ~heerasak i HAN, Yi (2003), "Trust And E-(ommerce: A Study of Consumer Perceptio~s," Electronic Commerce Research And Applications, 2: 203- 215. i
  • CRAGG, Paul B. i KING, Malcolm (1993), "Small-firm Computing: Motivators and Inhibitors," MIS Quarterly (March): 47-~0.
  • DANJEL, Elizabeth (2003), "An Expl6ration of the Inside-Out Model: E-(ommerce Integration In UK SMEs," Journal of smaıı Business and Enterprise Development, 10/3: 233-249.
  • DANIEL, Elizabeth i WILSON, Hugh (2002), "Adoption Intentions and Benefits Realised: A Study of E- Commerce In UK SMEs," Journal of Smail Business and Enterprise Development, 9/4: 331-348.
  • DAVIS, Fred D.I BAGOZZI, Richard P. i WARSHAW, Paul R. (1989), "User Acceptance of Computer Technology of Two Theoretical Models," Management Science, 35/8 : 982-1003.
  • EC Komisyon Raporu, http://europa.eu. intleur-lex/pri/en/oj /datl20031124/l 12420030520en00360041.pdf
  • FARHOOMAND, Ali F. / TUUNAINEN, Virpi Kristiina / YEE, Lester W. (2000), "Barriers to Global Electronic Commerce: A Cross-Country Study of Hong Kong and Finland," Journalaf Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 10/1: 23-48
  • FILLlS, lan / JOHANSSON, Ulf / WAGNER, Beverly (2003), "A Conceptualisation of the Opportunities and Barriers to E-Business Development in the Smaller Firm," Journal af Smail Business and Enterprise Development, 10/3: 336-344
  • FLYNN, Anthony / PURCHASE, Sharon (2001), "Perceptions of Barriers to E-Commerce," Australian and New lea/and Marketing Academy Conference (ANlMAC), (Auckland: Auckland, Massey University): 1: 1-6.
  • GOODE, Sigi (2002), "Management Attitudes toward the World Wide Web in Australian Small Business," Information Systems Management, Winter: 45-48.
  • GUNASEKARAN,A. / NGAI, E.W.T. (2005), "E-commerce in Hong Kong: an Empirical Perspective and Analysis," Internet Research, 15/2: 141-159
  • GÜZEY, Yıldız Y. (2001), "Trust, Confidence and e-Commerce in Cyberspace, Management of Engineering and Technology," 2001 PICMET01. Portland International Conference on Vol:l, 29 July- 2 Aug.: 155-156
  • HILLAM, C. E. / EDWARDS, H. M (2001), "A Case Study Approach To Evaluation of Information Technology/Information Systems (IT /IS) Investment Evaluation Processes Within SMEs," Electronic Journalaf Informations Systems Evaluation, Paper: 1, Issue: 1.
  • HOFFMAN, Donna L. / NOVAK, Thomas P. (1997), "A New Marketing Paradigm for Electronic Commerce," The Information Society, 13: 43-54.
  • HOFSTEDE, Geert (2001), Culture's Consequences, 2nd Edition, Sage Pub.
  • HOLLENSTEIN, Heinz / WÖRTER, Martin (2004), "The Decision to Adopt Internet-based ECommerce an Empirical Analysis Based on Swiss Firm-level Data," 15th Biennial Conference of the International Telecommunications Society (ITS) Connecting Societies and Markets: Communication Technology, Policyand Impacts Berlin, 4-7 September.
  • HOLSAPPLE, Clyde W. / SINGH, Meenu (2000), "Electronic Commerce: From a Definitional Taxonomy Toward a Knowledge-Management View," Journal Of Organizatlonol Computing and E/ectranic Commerce, 10/3: 149-170.
  • IGBARIA, Magid / ZINATELLI, Nancy / CRAGG, Paul / CAVAYE, Angele L.M. (1997), "Personal Computing Acceptance Factors in Small Firms: A Structural Equation Model," MIS Quarterly, September: 279-305.
  • JEFFCOATE, Judith / CHAPPEL, Caroline / FElNOT, Sylvie (2002), "Best Practice in SMEAdoption of E-Commerce," Benchmarking: An International Journal, 9/2: 122-132.
  • JENNEX, Murray E. / AMOROSO, Don / ADELAKUN, Olayele (2004), "E-Commerce Infrastructure Success Factors for SmaIL Companies in Developing Economies," Electronic Commerce Research, 4: 263-286.
  • JONES, Paul / BEYNON-DAVIES, Paul / MUIR, Elizabeth (2003), "E-Business Barriers To Growth within the SME Sector," Journalaf Systems & Information Technology, 7/1-2: 1-26 http://www- business.ecu.edu.au/josit17(2)%20Special/ Jones.pdf
  • JUTLA, Dawn / BODORIK, Peter / DHALlWAL, Jasbir (2002), "Supporting the E-Business Readiness of Small And Medium.Sized Enterprises: Approaches And Metrics," Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy, 12/2: 139-164.
  • KAYNAK, Erdener / TATOGLU, Ekrem / KULA, Veysel (2005), "An Analysis of The Faetors Affeeting The Adoption of Eleetronie Commeree By SMEs Evidenee From An Emerging Market," International Marketing Review, 22/6: 623-640.
  • KENDALL, Jan O. i TUNG, Lai Lai i CHUA, Khoon Hui i HONG, Chia ING, Oennisl TAN, Suan Meng (2001), "Receptivity of Singapore's SMEs to Electronic Commerce Adoption," Journalaf Strategic Information Systems, 10: 233-242.
  • KIOWELL, Blair i JEWELL, Robert O. (2003), "An Examination of Perceived Behavioral Control: Internal and External Influences on Intention," Psychology & Marketing, 2017: 625- 642.
  • KOSGEB KOBi Rehberi, http://www.kosgeb.gov.tr/Ekler/Oosyalar/BHgiBankasi/5/Kobi Rehberi. QQf
  • KOSGEB.http://www.kosgeb.gov.tr/Ekler IOosyalar IYayin/130/saha%20arastirma%20on%20 degerlendirme. pdf
  • LAWSON, Robyn i ALCOCK, Carole/COOPER, Joan i BURGESS, Lois (2003), "Factors Affecting Adoption of Electronic Commerce Technologies by SMEs: An Australian Study," Journal of Smail Business and Enterprise Development, 10/3: 265-276.
  • LEAHY, John V. i WHITEO, Toni M. (1996), "The Effect of Uncertainty on Investment : Some Stylized Facts," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 28/1: 6'4-83.
  • LEWIS, Rhiannon i COCKRILL, Antje (2002), "Going Global-Remaining Local: The Impact of E. Commerce on 5mall RetaH Firms In Wales," International Journal of Information Management, 22: 195-209.
  • L1NG, Chong Yee (2001), " Model of Factors Influences on Electronic Commerce Adoption and Oiffusion in Small. & Medium.sized Enterprises," http:/ i ecis2001. fov. uni. mb. si i doctoral IStudentsl ECIS-DCChong. pdf
  • MACGREGOR, Robert C. i VRAZALlC, Lejla (2005), "A Basic Model Of Electronic Commerce Adoption Barriers A Study Of Regional Small Businesses In Sweden And Australia," Journal of Smail Business and Enterprise Development, 1214: 510-527.
  • MACGREGOR, R. C. (2003), "Strategic Alliances And Perceived Barriers To Electronic Commerce Adoption In SMEs," Journal of Systems & Information Technology, 7/1: 27-48. http://www .business. ecu. edu. aul josit 17(2)%205pecial i MacGregor. pdf
  • MEHRTENS, Jenni i CRAGG, Paul B. i MILLS, Annette M.(2001), "A Model of Internet Adoption by SMEs," Information & Management, 39: 165-176.
  • MIN, Hokey i GALLE, William P.(1999), "Electronic Commerce Usage in Business.To.Business Purchasing," International Journal of Operations & Praduction Management, 19/9 : 909.921.
  • MIRCHANDANI, Dinesh A./MOTWANI, Jaideep (2001), "Understanding Smail Business Electronic Commerce Adoption: An Emprical Analysis," Journal of Computer Information Systems, 41/3: 70.73.
  • NATH, R. i AKMANLlGIL, M. i HJELM,K.I SAKAGUCHI, T. i SCHULTZ, M. (1998), "Electronic Commerce and the Internet: Issues, Problems, and Perspectives," International Journal of Information Management, 1812: 91.101.
  • NOTANI, Arti Sahni (1998), "Moderators of Perceived Behavioral Control's Predictiveness in the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Meta Analysis," Journal of Consumer Psychology, 7/3: 247-271.
  • OAXLEY, Joanne E. / YEUNG, Bernard (2001), "E-Commerce Readiness: Institutional Environment and International Competitiveness," Journalaf International Business Studies, 3214: 705-723.
  • PAVLOU, Paul A. i CHAI, Lin (2002), "What Drives Electronic Commerce Across Cultures? A CrossCultural Empirical Investigation of the Theory of Planned Behavior," Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 3/4: 240.253.
  • PEREIRE, Francis i FIFE, Elizabeth (2002), "Economic, Social and Cultural Factors Affecting of Adoption of E'commerce Applications in Smail and Medium Size Enterprises: ACross. Country Analysis," http://www .marshalL. use.edul ctm i publ icationsl PTG002Paperl :Mf
  • POON, Simpson i SWATMAN, Paula M.C. (1999), "An Exploratory Study of Small Business Internet Commerce Issues," Information & Management, 35: 9-18.
  • QUAYLE, Michael (2002), "E-Commerce: the Challenge for UK SMEs in the Twenty.first Century," International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 22/10: 1148-1161.
  • RAO, Subba S. i METTS, Glenn i MONGE, Carlo A. Mora (2003), "Electronic Commerce Development In Small And Medium Sized Enterprises A Stage Model and Its Implications," Business Process Management Journal, 9/1: 11.32.
  • RATNASINGAM, Pauline (2000), "The Influence of Power on Trading Partner Trust in Electronic Commerce," Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applicotions and Policy, 10/1: 56-62.
  • RIEMENSCHNEIDER,Cynthia K i MCKINNEY, Vicki R. (2002), "Assessing Belief Differences in Small Business Adopters and Non. Adopters of Web.Based E.Commerce," Journal of Computer Information Systems, Winter : 101-107.
  • RIEMENSCHNEIDER,Cynthia K i MCKINNEY, Vicki R.(1999), "Assessing the Adoption of Web-based E.Commerce for Businesses," Electronic Markets, 9/1-2: 9.13.
  • RIGGINS, Frederick J. (1999), "A Framework for Identifying Web-Based Electronic Commerce Opportunities," Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 9/4: 297-310.
  • RIQUELME, Hernan (2002), "Commercial Internet Adoption in China: Comparing The Experience Of Small, Medium, and Large Businesses," Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy, 1213: 276-286.
  • SCHERMELLEH-ENGEL, Karin i MOOSBRUGGER, Helfried (2003), "Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-Fit Measures," Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8/2: 2)-74.
  • SCHULZE, Corinna i BAUMGARTNER, Jeffrey (2001), "Don't Panic, Do E.Commerce, A Beginner's Guide to European Law Affecting E-Commerce," European Commission's Electronic Commerce Team. http://europa.eu. intllSPO/ecommerce/books/dont panic.pdf
  • SCUPOLA, Ada (2003), "Government Intervention in SMEs E-Commerce Adoption: An Institutional Approach," 7th Pasific Asia Conference on Information Systems, 10.13 July: 184. 195.
  • SEGARS,Albert H. i GROVER, Varun (1993)," Re-Examining Perceived Ease of Use and Usefulness: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis", MIS Quarterly, December: 517-525.
  • SIMPSON, Mike i DOCHERTV, Anthony J. (2004), "E-Commerce Adoption Support and Advice for UK SMEs," Journal of Smail Business and Enterprise Development, 1113: 315-328.
  • STOCKDALE, Rosemary i STANDING, Craig (2004), "Benefits and Barriers of Electronic Marketplace Participation: An SME Perspective," The Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 17/4: 301.311
  • TAYLOR, Michael i MURPHY, Andrew (2004), "SMEs and E-business," Journal of Smail Business and Enterprise Development, 11/3: 280-289
  • TIMMERS, Paul (1998), "Business Models or Electronic Markets," September 9, Research Note #98- 21, http://www.imse.hku.hk
  • TIWANA, Amrit, "Towards a Composite Metric for Electronic Commerce ROl: An Extension of the Balance Scorecard," http://www.singstat.gov.sg/conferences/ec/f113. pdf
  • UDO, Godwin J. (2001), "Privacy And Security Concern As Major Barriers for E.Commerce: A Survey Study," Information Management & Computer Security, 9/4: 165-174.
  • UNCTAD (2003), E-Commerce And Development Report 2003, (Internet Edition).
  • VAN AKKEREN, Jeanette i CAVAYE, Angele L.M. (1999), "Factors Affecting Entry-Level Internet Technology Adoption by Small Business In Australia: An Empirical Study," Proc. 10th Australasian Conference on Information Systems: 1071-1083.
  • WALCZUCH, Rita / BRAVEN, Gert Van / LUNDGREN Henriette (2000), "Internet Adaption Barriers for Smail Firms in the Netherlands," European Management Journal, 18/5: 561.572.
  • WHELAN, Eoin / MCGRATH, Fergal (2002), HA Study of the Total Life Cycle Costs of An E. Commerce Investment. AResearch in Progress," EvaIuation and Program Planning, 25: 191-196.
  • WIGAND, RaIf T. (1997), HElectronic Commerce: Definition, Theory, and Context," The Information Society, 13: 1-16.
Toplam 76 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Murat Altıntaş

Füsun Çınar Altıntaş

Tuncer Tokol Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Şubat 2015
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Şubat 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2006 Cilt: 61 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Altıntaş, M., Çınar Altıntaş, F., & Tokol, T. (2015). E-TİCARET ENGELLERİNİN E-TİCARET KULLANMA EĞİLİMİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ İHRACATÇI KOBİ’LER ÜZERİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 61(4), 37-58.
AMA Altıntaş M, Çınar Altıntaş F, Tokol T. E-TİCARET ENGELLERİNİN E-TİCARET KULLANMA EĞİLİMİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ İHRACATÇI KOBİ’LER ÜZERİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA. SBF Dergisi. Şubat 2015;61(4):37-58.
Chicago Altıntaş, Murat, Füsun Çınar Altıntaş, ve Tuncer Tokol. “E-TİCARET ENGELLERİNİN E-TİCARET KULLANMA EĞİLİMİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ İHRACATÇI KOBİ’LER ÜZERİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 61, sy. 4 (Şubat 2015): 37-58.
EndNote Altıntaş M, Çınar Altıntaş F, Tokol T (01 Şubat 2015) E-TİCARET ENGELLERİNİN E-TİCARET KULLANMA EĞİLİMİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ İHRACATÇI KOBİ’LER ÜZERİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 61 4 37–58.
IEEE M. Altıntaş, F. Çınar Altıntaş, ve T. Tokol, “E-TİCARET ENGELLERİNİN E-TİCARET KULLANMA EĞİLİMİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ İHRACATÇI KOBİ’LER ÜZERİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA”, SBF Dergisi, c. 61, sy. 4, ss. 37–58, 2015.
ISNAD Altıntaş, Murat vd. “E-TİCARET ENGELLERİNİN E-TİCARET KULLANMA EĞİLİMİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ İHRACATÇI KOBİ’LER ÜZERİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 61/4 (Şubat 2015), 37-58.
JAMA Altıntaş M, Çınar Altıntaş F, Tokol T. E-TİCARET ENGELLERİNİN E-TİCARET KULLANMA EĞİLİMİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ İHRACATÇI KOBİ’LER ÜZERİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA. SBF Dergisi. 2015;61:37–58.
MLA Altıntaş, Murat vd. “E-TİCARET ENGELLERİNİN E-TİCARET KULLANMA EĞİLİMİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ İHRACATÇI KOBİ’LER ÜZERİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, c. 61, sy. 4, 2015, ss. 37-58.
Vancouver Altıntaş M, Çınar Altıntaş F, Tokol T. E-TİCARET ENGELLERİNİN E-TİCARET KULLANMA EĞİLİMİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ İHRACATÇI KOBİ’LER ÜZERİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA. SBF Dergisi. 2015;61(4):37-58.