BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Toplumlarda cinsiyet oranı ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler Sex ratio and effected factors in society

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 58 Sayı: 4, 180 - 188, 01.04.2005

Oya Özdemir Esin Ocaktan Dilek Kanyılmaz

https://doi.org/10.1501/Tipfak_0000000174

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

-

Kaynakça

  • Kadanalı S. İstenilen cinsiyette çocuk sahibi olma yöntemleri: doğru mu? Etkin mi?. 3. Uluslararası Üreme Sağlığı ve Aile Planlaması Kongre Kitabı; 20-23 Nisan 2003; Ankara,Türkiye. p. 144-146.
  • Kaya İS. Fetusun Cinsiyeti. Kişnişçi HA, Göleşin E, Durukan T, Üstay K, Ayhan A, Gürgan T, Önderoğlu LS, editör. Temel Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Bilgisi. Güneş Kitabevi, Ankara 1996; 225-229.
  • Maconochie N, Roman E. Sex Ratios: Are there natural variations within the human populations? British Journal of Obstetrics and Gyneocology 1997; 104:1050-1053.
  • James WH. The Human Sex Ratio. Part 1: A Review of The Literature. Human Biology 1987; 59:721-752.
  • Hansen D, Moller H, Olsen J. Severe periconceptional life events and the sex ratio in offspring: follow up study based on Şve national registers. British Medical Journal 1999; 319:518-519.
  • Mocarelli P, Gerthoux PM, Ferrari E, et al. Paternal concentrations of dioxin and sex ratio of offspring, Lancet, 2000; 27;355:1858-1863.
  • Jarrell JF, Gocmen A, Akyol D, et al. Hexachlorobenzene exposure and the proportion of male births in Turkey 1935-1990. Reprod Toxicol 2002; 6:65-70.
  • www9.who.int/familyhealth/RHR%RHR_NavigateScreen.htm, 2000.
  • Feitosa MF, Krieger H. Demography of the human sex ratio in some Latin American countries, 1967-1986. Hum Biol. 1992; 64:523-530.
  • Fukuda M, Fukuda K, Shimizu T, et al. Decline in sex ratio at birth after Kobe earthquake. Human reproduction, 1998; 13:2321-2322.
  • Japan’s population growth slows, JOICFP News, 1995; 257:262.
  • Fukuda M, Fukuda K, Shimizu T, et al. Kobe earthquake and reduced sperm motility, Human reproduction, 1996, 11:1244-246.
  • Dinkel RH, Milenovic I. Male and female fertility: a comparison of age-spesiŞc and cohort fertility of both sexes in Germany. Genus 1993; 49:147-158.
  • Zorn B, Sucur V, Stare J, et al. Decline in sex ratio at birth after 10-day war in Slovenia:brief communication, Human Reproduction 2002;17:3173-177.
  • Graffelman J, Hoekstra RF. A statistical analysis of the effect of warfare on the human secondary sex ratio. Hum Biol. 2000;72:433-445.
  • Peterka M, Peterkova R, Likovsky Z. Chernobil: prenatal loss of four male fetuses in the Czech Republic. Reprod Toxicol 2004;18:75-79.
  • Figa-Talamanca I, Tarquini M, Lauria L. Is it possible to use sex ratio at birth as indicator of the presence of endocrine disrupters in environmental pollution? G Ital Med Lav Ergon 2003; 25 Suppl:52-53.
  • Ryan JJ, Amirova Z, Carrier G. Sex ratios of children of Russian pesticide producers exposed to dioxin. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110:A699-701.
  • Guberan E, Campana A, Faval P, et al. Gender ratio of offspring and exposure to shortwave radiation among female physiotherapists. Scand J Work Environ Health 1994;20:345-348.
  • Maconochie N, Roman E, Doyle P, et al. Sex ratio of nuclear industry employees’ children. Lancet 2001;19;357:1589-1591.
  • Nonaka K, Desjardins B, Charbonneau H, et al. Marriage season, promptness of successful pregnancy and Şrst-born sex ratio in a historical natural fertility population-evidence for sex-dependent early pregnancy loss? Int J Biometeorol 1998;42:89-92.
  • Rajani Kumari J, Rao TV. Seasonal variation of human sex ratio at birth and the modifying factors. Indian J Pediatr 1982;49:541-6
  • Matsuda S, Doi T, Sone T, et al. Seasonal variation of mean birth weight and births in Nagano Prefecture. Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi 1992;47:609-617.
  • Cagnacci A, Renzi A, Arangino S, et al. The male disadvantage and the seasonal rhythm of sex ratio at the time of conception. Hum Reprod 2003;18:885-887.
  • Stolwijk AM, Olsen J, Schaumburg I, et al. Seasonal variation in the time to pregnancy: a secondary analysis of three Danish databases. Eur J Epidemiol 1996;12:437-441.
  • Stolwijk AM, Straatman H, Zielhuis GA, et al. Seasonal variation in the time to pregnancy: avoiding bias by using the date of onset. Epidemiology 1996;7:156-160.
  • James WH. Sex ratio, coital rate, hormones and time of fertilization within the cycle. Ann Hum Biol 1997; 24:403-9
  • Lerchl A. Seasonality of sex ratio in Germany. Hum Reprod 1998;13:1401-1402.
  • Aye B, Lwin KM. Fertility in Rangoon, Union Burma. J Life Sci 1970;3:81-86.
  • Jacobsen R, Moller H, Mouritsen A. Natural variation in the human sex ratio. Hum Reprod 1999;14:3120-5.
  • Brewis AA. Sex ratios at birth in a Micronesian Atol population. Soc Biol 1993;40:207-214.
  • Martin R, Rademaker AW. A study of paternal age and sex ratio in sperm chromosome complements. Hum Hered 1992;42:333-6
  • Shami SA. Parental age, birth order and tertiary sex ratio in the human population of Punjab, Pakistan. Pak J Zool 1980;12:115-122.
  • Riis I.. The secondary sex ratio in Israel: 1980-1995. Soc Biol 1999;46:33-46.
  • Dickinson HO, Parker L. Sex ratio in relation to father’s occupations. Occup Environ Med 1997;54:868-72
  • Bae WO. Sex ratio at birth in Korea. Bogeon sahoe nonjib 1991;11:114-131.
  • Sakai H. Child-sex effects on further births. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu 1989;189:18-30.
  • Zou P. A survey on the sex ratio at birth in Beijing. Renkou Yanjiu 1983;29:35-36.
  • Gu B, Roy K. Sex ratio at birth in China, with reference to other areas in East Asia: what we know? Asia Pac Popul J 1995; 10:17- 42
  • Cheng H. On sex ratios at birth and in childhood. China Popul Today 1997; 14:25.
  • Davis DL, Gottlieb MB, Stampnitzky JR. Reduced ratio of male to female births in several industrial countries: a sentinel health indicator? JAMA 1998; 279:1018-1023.
  • Grech V, Savona-Ventura C, Vassallo-Agius P. Unexplained differences in sex ratios at birth in Europe and North America. BMJ 2002; 324:1010-1011.
  • Moller H. Trends in sex ratio, testicular cancer and male reproductive hazards: are they connected? APMIS 1998; 106:232- 238.
  • Jacobsen R, Bostofte E, Engholm G, et al. Fertility and offspring sex ratio of men who develop testicular cancer: a record linkage study. Hum Reprod 2000; 15:1958-1961.
  • Dodds L, Armson BA. Is Canada’s sex ratio in decline? CMAJ 1997; 1;156:46-48.
  • Martin JF. Hormonal and behavioral determinants of the secondary sex ratio. Soc Biol 1995; 42:226-238.
  • Diasio RB, Glass RH. Effects of pH on the migration of X and Y sperm. Fertil Steril 1971; 22:303-305.
  • Shields MD, O'Hare B, Nelson J, et al. Maternal cytomegalovirus seropositivity affects sex determination. BMJ 2002;10;325:334.
  • del Mar Melero-Montes M, Jick H. Hyperemesis gravidorum and the sex of the offspring. Epidemiology 2001; 12:123-124.
  • Basso O, Olsen J. Sex ratio and twinning in women with hyperemesis or pre-eclampsia. Epidemiology 2001; 12:747-749.
  • Marcus M, Kiely J, Xu F, et al. Changing sex ratio in the United States, 1969-1995. Fertil Steril 1998; 70:270-273.
  • Catalano RA. Sex ratios in the two Germanies: a test of the economic stres hypothesis. Hum Reprod 2003; 18:1972-5.
  • Williams RJ, Gloster SP. Human sex ratio as it relates to caloric availability. Soc Biol 1992; 39:285-291.
  • Cagnacci A, Renzi A, Arangino S, et al. Influences of maternal weight on the secondary sex ratio of human offspring. Hum Reprod 2004; 19:442-444.

Toplumlarda cinsiyet oranı ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 58 Sayı: 4, 180 - 188, 01.04.2005

Oya Özdemir Esin Ocaktan Dilek Kanyılmaz

https://doi.org/10.1501/Tipfak_0000000174

Öz

Amaç: Yaşanılan ortamda sahip olunan geleneklere ya da beklentilere dayalı belli bir cinsiyete yönelik tercihlerin Türkiye’de olduğu gibi hemen her ülkede yaşanan bir durum olup olmadığının ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve yöntem: Toplumlarda cinsiyet oranının zaman içinde değiştiğini ortaya koyan pek çok çalışma incelenerek gözden geçirilmiştir. Bulgular: Cinsiyet oranında değişime yol açan faktörlerin tanımlanmasındaki sıkıntı geçmişte olduğu gibi günümüzde de halen yaşanmaktadır. Deprem, yangın, savaş gibi ciddi toplumsal olaylar, aile bireylerinin ciddi hastalığı ya da ölümü gibi ciddi yaşam olaylarının yanı sıra, genetik, evlenme dönemi, evlilik-doğum intervali, ebeveynlerin meslekleri ve yaşları, önceki çocukların cinsiyeti vb. pek çok faktörün bu konuda belirleyici olduğu düşünülmektedir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, sözü geçen faktörlerin incelendiği çeşitli çalışmaların sonuçları ve farklı ülkelerde gözlendiği bildirilen cinsiyet oranı değişim durumları ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

cinsiyet oranı cinsiyet tercihi

Kaynakça

  • Kadanalı S. İstenilen cinsiyette çocuk sahibi olma yöntemleri: doğru mu? Etkin mi?. 3. Uluslararası Üreme Sağlığı ve Aile Planlaması Kongre Kitabı; 20-23 Nisan 2003; Ankara,Türkiye. p. 144-146.
  • Kaya İS. Fetusun Cinsiyeti. Kişnişçi HA, Göleşin E, Durukan T, Üstay K, Ayhan A, Gürgan T, Önderoğlu LS, editör. Temel Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Bilgisi. Güneş Kitabevi, Ankara 1996; 225-229.
  • Maconochie N, Roman E. Sex Ratios: Are there natural variations within the human populations? British Journal of Obstetrics and Gyneocology 1997; 104:1050-1053.
  • James WH. The Human Sex Ratio. Part 1: A Review of The Literature. Human Biology 1987; 59:721-752.
  • Hansen D, Moller H, Olsen J. Severe periconceptional life events and the sex ratio in offspring: follow up study based on Şve national registers. British Medical Journal 1999; 319:518-519.
  • Mocarelli P, Gerthoux PM, Ferrari E, et al. Paternal concentrations of dioxin and sex ratio of offspring, Lancet, 2000; 27;355:1858-1863.
  • Jarrell JF, Gocmen A, Akyol D, et al. Hexachlorobenzene exposure and the proportion of male births in Turkey 1935-1990. Reprod Toxicol 2002; 6:65-70.
  • www9.who.int/familyhealth/RHR%RHR_NavigateScreen.htm, 2000.
  • Feitosa MF, Krieger H. Demography of the human sex ratio in some Latin American countries, 1967-1986. Hum Biol. 1992; 64:523-530.
  • Fukuda M, Fukuda K, Shimizu T, et al. Decline in sex ratio at birth after Kobe earthquake. Human reproduction, 1998; 13:2321-2322.
  • Japan’s population growth slows, JOICFP News, 1995; 257:262.
  • Fukuda M, Fukuda K, Shimizu T, et al. Kobe earthquake and reduced sperm motility, Human reproduction, 1996, 11:1244-246.
  • Dinkel RH, Milenovic I. Male and female fertility: a comparison of age-spesiŞc and cohort fertility of both sexes in Germany. Genus 1993; 49:147-158.
  • Zorn B, Sucur V, Stare J, et al. Decline in sex ratio at birth after 10-day war in Slovenia:brief communication, Human Reproduction 2002;17:3173-177.
  • Graffelman J, Hoekstra RF. A statistical analysis of the effect of warfare on the human secondary sex ratio. Hum Biol. 2000;72:433-445.
  • Peterka M, Peterkova R, Likovsky Z. Chernobil: prenatal loss of four male fetuses in the Czech Republic. Reprod Toxicol 2004;18:75-79.
  • Figa-Talamanca I, Tarquini M, Lauria L. Is it possible to use sex ratio at birth as indicator of the presence of endocrine disrupters in environmental pollution? G Ital Med Lav Ergon 2003; 25 Suppl:52-53.
  • Ryan JJ, Amirova Z, Carrier G. Sex ratios of children of Russian pesticide producers exposed to dioxin. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110:A699-701.
  • Guberan E, Campana A, Faval P, et al. Gender ratio of offspring and exposure to shortwave radiation among female physiotherapists. Scand J Work Environ Health 1994;20:345-348.
  • Maconochie N, Roman E, Doyle P, et al. Sex ratio of nuclear industry employees’ children. Lancet 2001;19;357:1589-1591.
  • Nonaka K, Desjardins B, Charbonneau H, et al. Marriage season, promptness of successful pregnancy and Şrst-born sex ratio in a historical natural fertility population-evidence for sex-dependent early pregnancy loss? Int J Biometeorol 1998;42:89-92.
  • Rajani Kumari J, Rao TV. Seasonal variation of human sex ratio at birth and the modifying factors. Indian J Pediatr 1982;49:541-6
  • Matsuda S, Doi T, Sone T, et al. Seasonal variation of mean birth weight and births in Nagano Prefecture. Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi 1992;47:609-617.
  • Cagnacci A, Renzi A, Arangino S, et al. The male disadvantage and the seasonal rhythm of sex ratio at the time of conception. Hum Reprod 2003;18:885-887.
  • Stolwijk AM, Olsen J, Schaumburg I, et al. Seasonal variation in the time to pregnancy: a secondary analysis of three Danish databases. Eur J Epidemiol 1996;12:437-441.
  • Stolwijk AM, Straatman H, Zielhuis GA, et al. Seasonal variation in the time to pregnancy: avoiding bias by using the date of onset. Epidemiology 1996;7:156-160.
  • James WH. Sex ratio, coital rate, hormones and time of fertilization within the cycle. Ann Hum Biol 1997; 24:403-9
  • Lerchl A. Seasonality of sex ratio in Germany. Hum Reprod 1998;13:1401-1402.
  • Aye B, Lwin KM. Fertility in Rangoon, Union Burma. J Life Sci 1970;3:81-86.
  • Jacobsen R, Moller H, Mouritsen A. Natural variation in the human sex ratio. Hum Reprod 1999;14:3120-5.
  • Brewis AA. Sex ratios at birth in a Micronesian Atol population. Soc Biol 1993;40:207-214.
  • Martin R, Rademaker AW. A study of paternal age and sex ratio in sperm chromosome complements. Hum Hered 1992;42:333-6
  • Shami SA. Parental age, birth order and tertiary sex ratio in the human population of Punjab, Pakistan. Pak J Zool 1980;12:115-122.
  • Riis I.. The secondary sex ratio in Israel: 1980-1995. Soc Biol 1999;46:33-46.
  • Dickinson HO, Parker L. Sex ratio in relation to father’s occupations. Occup Environ Med 1997;54:868-72
  • Bae WO. Sex ratio at birth in Korea. Bogeon sahoe nonjib 1991;11:114-131.
  • Sakai H. Child-sex effects on further births. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu 1989;189:18-30.
  • Zou P. A survey on the sex ratio at birth in Beijing. Renkou Yanjiu 1983;29:35-36.
  • Gu B, Roy K. Sex ratio at birth in China, with reference to other areas in East Asia: what we know? Asia Pac Popul J 1995; 10:17- 42
  • Cheng H. On sex ratios at birth and in childhood. China Popul Today 1997; 14:25.
  • Davis DL, Gottlieb MB, Stampnitzky JR. Reduced ratio of male to female births in several industrial countries: a sentinel health indicator? JAMA 1998; 279:1018-1023.
  • Grech V, Savona-Ventura C, Vassallo-Agius P. Unexplained differences in sex ratios at birth in Europe and North America. BMJ 2002; 324:1010-1011.
  • Moller H. Trends in sex ratio, testicular cancer and male reproductive hazards: are they connected? APMIS 1998; 106:232- 238.
  • Jacobsen R, Bostofte E, Engholm G, et al. Fertility and offspring sex ratio of men who develop testicular cancer: a record linkage study. Hum Reprod 2000; 15:1958-1961.
  • Dodds L, Armson BA. Is Canada’s sex ratio in decline? CMAJ 1997; 1;156:46-48.
  • Martin JF. Hormonal and behavioral determinants of the secondary sex ratio. Soc Biol 1995; 42:226-238.
  • Diasio RB, Glass RH. Effects of pH on the migration of X and Y sperm. Fertil Steril 1971; 22:303-305.
  • Shields MD, O'Hare B, Nelson J, et al. Maternal cytomegalovirus seropositivity affects sex determination. BMJ 2002;10;325:334.
  • del Mar Melero-Montes M, Jick H. Hyperemesis gravidorum and the sex of the offspring. Epidemiology 2001; 12:123-124.
  • Basso O, Olsen J. Sex ratio and twinning in women with hyperemesis or pre-eclampsia. Epidemiology 2001; 12:747-749.
  • Marcus M, Kiely J, Xu F, et al. Changing sex ratio in the United States, 1969-1995. Fertil Steril 1998; 70:270-273.
  • Catalano RA. Sex ratios in the two Germanies: a test of the economic stres hypothesis. Hum Reprod 2003; 18:1972-5.
  • Williams RJ, Gloster SP. Human sex ratio as it relates to caloric availability. Soc Biol 1992; 39:285-291.
  • Cagnacci A, Renzi A, Arangino S, et al. Influences of maternal weight on the secondary sex ratio of human offspring. Hum Reprod 2004; 19:442-444.
Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Oya Özdemir Bu kişi benim

Esin Ocaktan Bu kişi benim

Dilek Kanyılmaz Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2005
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2005 Cilt: 58 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Özdemir, O., Ocaktan, E., & Kanyılmaz, D. (2005). Toplumlarda cinsiyet oranı ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 58(4), 180-188. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tipfak_0000000174
AMA Özdemir O, Ocaktan E, Kanyılmaz D. Toplumlarda cinsiyet oranı ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. Nisan 2005;58(4):180-188. doi:10.1501/Tipfak_0000000174
Chicago Özdemir, Oya, Esin Ocaktan, ve Dilek Kanyılmaz. “Toplumlarda Cinsiyet Oranı Ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 58, sy. 4 (Nisan 2005): 180-88. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tipfak_0000000174.
EndNote Özdemir O, Ocaktan E, Kanyılmaz D (01 Nisan 2005) Toplumlarda cinsiyet oranı ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 58 4 180–188.
IEEE O. Özdemir, E. Ocaktan, ve D. Kanyılmaz, “Toplumlarda cinsiyet oranı ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler”, Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, c. 58, sy. 4, ss. 180–188, 2005, doi: 10.1501/Tipfak_0000000174.
ISNAD Özdemir, Oya vd. “Toplumlarda Cinsiyet Oranı Ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 58/4 (Nisan 2005), 180-188. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tipfak_0000000174.
JAMA Özdemir O, Ocaktan E, Kanyılmaz D. Toplumlarda cinsiyet oranı ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 2005;58:180–188.
MLA Özdemir, Oya vd. “Toplumlarda Cinsiyet Oranı Ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, c. 58, sy. 4, 2005, ss. 180-8, doi:10.1501/Tipfak_0000000174.
Vancouver Özdemir O, Ocaktan E, Kanyılmaz D. Toplumlarda cinsiyet oranı ve etkilendiği düşünülen faktörler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 2005;58(4):180-8.