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الخطاب الحداثي ومقاصد الشريعة: دراسة تحليلية نقدية

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 330 - 352, 14.10.2021

Öz

ملخص البحث
شهد الخطاب المقاصدي تطورا في العقود الأخيرة، وقد شارك فيه تيار الحداثة العربي. إلا أن
تحيزهم إلى فلسفة الحداثة ونظريتها للمعرفة أملت عليهم أهداف مسبقة في استخدام مقاصد
الشريعة. تقوم هذه الورقة البحثية باستقراء أدبيات المقاصد في الخطاب الحداثي من أجل تقييم
مدى استيعابهم لنظرية المقاصد وماهي مواردهم فيه وما هي المخرجات التي توصلوا إليها عن
طريق نظرية المقاصد. هذه الورقة البحثية استخدمت المنهج الاستقرائي والمقارن كما لجئت إلى
المنهج النقدي التحليل. أثبتت هذه الورقة البحثية أن رموز التيار الحداثي لم يفهموا نظرية المقاصد
بسبب ضعفهم في علم أصول الفقه. إلى جانب ذلك، فقد أظهرت هذه الورقة البحثية أن التيار الحداثي من خلال استخدامه لمقاصد الشريعة إنما كان يهدف للحصول على فقفه سائل وأن يفر
من قيود قواعد القراءة والفهم والاستنباط التي أرساها علماء المسلمين. إضافة إلى أرادة التفلة من
شروط المجتهد وقيود المجتهد. كشفت هذه الورقة البحثية عن أهم خصائص المقاصد في الخطاب
الحداثي وهي أن المقاصد تعتبر عوضا عن أصول الفقه وقواعده، وأنهم لتحقيق أهدافهم فهم
يناورن باستعمال بعض علو الشريعة كأسباب النزول ومسألة النسخ.

Kaynakça

  • ×asan ×anafÊ and Abu YaÑrËb al-MarzËkÊ. Al-Nadar wa al-Amal. (Bierut: Dar al-Fikr, 1st edn, 2003)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Al-TurÉth wa al-Tajdid mina al-ÑAqidah ila al-Thawrah. (Beirut, DÉr al-TanwÊr. 1st edn, 1988)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Al-TurÉth wa al-Tajdid. (Dar QubÉ‘li al-ÙibÉÑah wa al- Nashr, 2nd edn, 2000)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Hisar al-Zaman. (Egypt: Markaz al-Kitab wa al-Nashr, 2004)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Humum al-Fikr wa al-Watan. (Dar al-Marifah al-Jamiiyah, 1997)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Min al-NaÎ ila al-WÉqiÑ. (Egypt: Markaz al-Kitab li al- Nashr, 2005)
  • ×asan ×anafi. Min Al-Aqidah ila al-Thawrah. (Beirut: Dar al-TanwÊr, 1st edn, 1977)
  • ×asan ×anfÊ. Al-Yasar al-Islami wa al-Wihdah al-Wataniyah. (Maktabat MadbËlÊ, nd)
  • Abd Allah Al-ÑAjÊrÊ. YanbËÑ al-GhiwÉyah al-Fikriyah. (Markas bayan, 2nd edn, 1434 AH)
  • Abd Allah ShaÍatah. ÑUlËm Quran. (DÉr al-Gharib, 2002) Abd al-MajÊd al-SharfÊ. Al-Ilam wa Al-Hriyah Su‘ Tafahum Tarikhi. ( Manshurat rabitat al-aqlaniyin al-arab, DÉr al-batraa li al-tawzi, 2007).
  • Abd Al-Majid Al-Najar. Al-Qiar al-Jadidah li al-Nas al-Dini. (Dimashq, Markaz al-Rayah li al-Tanmiyah). Ibn Al-NajÉr al-FatËÍÊ. SharÍ al-Kawkab al- MunÊr. (riyad: Maktabat al-Ubaykan, 2nd edn, 1997)
  • Abd Al-Majid Al-SharfÊ. Al-Islam bayna al-Risalah wa al-Tarikh. (Beirut: dar al-Tali‘ah, 2nd, 2008)
  • Abd Al-Majid al-SharfÊ. LabinÉt. (Tunisia: Dar al-Jadidah. 1994) Abd Al-Majid Al-Sharfi. Tahdith al-Fikr al-Islami. (Dal al-Madar al- Islami, 2nd edn 2009)
  • Abd Al-Majid Al-Sharfi. Al-Hadathah wa al-Islam. (Dar MadÉr al- Islamiyyah, 2009)
  • AbË IsÍÉq Al-ShÉÏibÊ. Al-MuwÉfakÉt. TaÍqÊq: Abd Allah DrÉz. (Egypt: Al-Maktabah al-Tijariyah al-Kubrah).
  • Abu ×Émad Al-Ghazali. Al-Mustasfa. (Egypt: Sharikat al-ÙibÉÑah al- Faniyah al-MutaÍidah, nd)
  • Abu ×Émad Al-Ghazali. Shifa al-GhalÊl fi Bayan al-Shabah wa al- Mukhayal wa masÉlik al-TaÑlÊl. (Baghdad: MaÏbaÑat al-IrshÉd, 1390 AH).
  • Abu ×Émad al-GhazÉlÊ. Al-Mankhul fi Taliqat UÎËl Fiqh. TaÍkÊk: MuÍamad ×asan HÊtË (Dimashq: Dar al-Fikr 2nd edn, 1400AH)

Arab Modernists and Maqasid Shariah: a Critical Analysis

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 330 - 352, 14.10.2021

Öz

Abstract
Maqasid Shariah witnessed a progress and expansion in contemporary religious discourse.
Arab modernists took place in this discourse too; however, their affiliation to modernism
philosophy and epistemology appoints for them specific objectives in using MaqÉÎid
SharÊÑah. This paper investigates the literature of Arab modernists in the theory of MaqÉÎid
SharÊÑah to assess their comprehension of the theory and their sources for its establishment
as well as to evaluate the outcomes of their use of the theory. This paper used inductive,
comparative and critical analysis methods to investigate the issue under study. This paper
proved that Arab modernists misinterpret many aspects of the theory of MaqÉÎid because
they misunderstand the foundations of UÎËl Fiqh. In addition, it demonstrated that Arab
modernist use MaqÉÎid SharÊÑah to get free from SharÊÑah detailed legal rulings and
legislation. It also confirmed that Arab modernists use MaqÉÎid SharÊÑah as an excuse to
escape the constraints of the conditions of reading and interpreting divine texts, as well as
to escape the requirements of IjtihÉd. Furthermore, this paper confirmed their
misunderstanding of the Islamic epistemology and methodology progress throughout the
successive generations of Muslim scholars. To escape all these limitations, this paper
indicated that Arab modernist claim that MaqÉÎid SharÊÑah are a substitute of UÎËl Fiqh and
its rules, regulations and maxims. In addition, it revealed that Arab modernists while aiming
to abuse the foundations of the theory of MaqÉÎid SharÊÑah they wrongly argue with some
branches of Islamic knowledge such as causes of revelation and abrogation to support the
historicity of the SharÊÑah legislation through its MaqÉÎid.

Kaynakça

  • ×asan ×anafÊ and Abu YaÑrËb al-MarzËkÊ. Al-Nadar wa al-Amal. (Bierut: Dar al-Fikr, 1st edn, 2003)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Al-TurÉth wa al-Tajdid mina al-ÑAqidah ila al-Thawrah. (Beirut, DÉr al-TanwÊr. 1st edn, 1988)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Al-TurÉth wa al-Tajdid. (Dar QubÉ‘li al-ÙibÉÑah wa al- Nashr, 2nd edn, 2000)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Hisar al-Zaman. (Egypt: Markaz al-Kitab wa al-Nashr, 2004)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Humum al-Fikr wa al-Watan. (Dar al-Marifah al-Jamiiyah, 1997)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Min al-NaÎ ila al-WÉqiÑ. (Egypt: Markaz al-Kitab li al- Nashr, 2005)
  • ×asan ×anafi. Min Al-Aqidah ila al-Thawrah. (Beirut: Dar al-TanwÊr, 1st edn, 1977)
  • ×asan ×anfÊ. Al-Yasar al-Islami wa al-Wihdah al-Wataniyah. (Maktabat MadbËlÊ, nd)
  • Abd Allah Al-ÑAjÊrÊ. YanbËÑ al-GhiwÉyah al-Fikriyah. (Markas bayan, 2nd edn, 1434 AH)
  • Abd Allah ShaÍatah. ÑUlËm Quran. (DÉr al-Gharib, 2002) Abd al-MajÊd al-SharfÊ. Al-Ilam wa Al-Hriyah Su‘ Tafahum Tarikhi. ( Manshurat rabitat al-aqlaniyin al-arab, DÉr al-batraa li al-tawzi, 2007).
  • Abd Al-Majid Al-Najar. Al-Qiar al-Jadidah li al-Nas al-Dini. (Dimashq, Markaz al-Rayah li al-Tanmiyah). Ibn Al-NajÉr al-FatËÍÊ. SharÍ al-Kawkab al- MunÊr. (riyad: Maktabat al-Ubaykan, 2nd edn, 1997)
  • Abd Al-Majid Al-SharfÊ. Al-Islam bayna al-Risalah wa al-Tarikh. (Beirut: dar al-Tali‘ah, 2nd, 2008)
  • Abd Al-Majid al-SharfÊ. LabinÉt. (Tunisia: Dar al-Jadidah. 1994) Abd Al-Majid Al-Sharfi. Tahdith al-Fikr al-Islami. (Dal al-Madar al- Islami, 2nd edn 2009)
  • Abd Al-Majid Al-Sharfi. Al-Hadathah wa al-Islam. (Dar MadÉr al- Islamiyyah, 2009)
  • AbË IsÍÉq Al-ShÉÏibÊ. Al-MuwÉfakÉt. TaÍqÊq: Abd Allah DrÉz. (Egypt: Al-Maktabah al-Tijariyah al-Kubrah).
  • Abu ×Émad Al-Ghazali. Al-Mustasfa. (Egypt: Sharikat al-ÙibÉÑah al- Faniyah al-MutaÍidah, nd)
  • Abu ×Émad Al-Ghazali. Shifa al-GhalÊl fi Bayan al-Shabah wa al- Mukhayal wa masÉlik al-TaÑlÊl. (Baghdad: MaÏbaÑat al-IrshÉd, 1390 AH).
  • Abu ×Émad al-GhazÉlÊ. Al-Mankhul fi Taliqat UÎËl Fiqh. TaÍkÊk: MuÍamad ×asan HÊtË (Dimashq: Dar al-Fikr 2nd edn, 1400AH)
Yıl 2021, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 330 - 352, 14.10.2021

Öz

Kaynakça

  • ×asan ×anafÊ and Abu YaÑrËb al-MarzËkÊ. Al-Nadar wa al-Amal. (Bierut: Dar al-Fikr, 1st edn, 2003)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Al-TurÉth wa al-Tajdid mina al-ÑAqidah ila al-Thawrah. (Beirut, DÉr al-TanwÊr. 1st edn, 1988)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Al-TurÉth wa al-Tajdid. (Dar QubÉ‘li al-ÙibÉÑah wa al- Nashr, 2nd edn, 2000)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Hisar al-Zaman. (Egypt: Markaz al-Kitab wa al-Nashr, 2004)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Humum al-Fikr wa al-Watan. (Dar al-Marifah al-Jamiiyah, 1997)
  • ×asan ×anafÊ. Min al-NaÎ ila al-WÉqiÑ. (Egypt: Markaz al-Kitab li al- Nashr, 2005)
  • ×asan ×anafi. Min Al-Aqidah ila al-Thawrah. (Beirut: Dar al-TanwÊr, 1st edn, 1977)
  • ×asan ×anfÊ. Al-Yasar al-Islami wa al-Wihdah al-Wataniyah. (Maktabat MadbËlÊ, nd)
  • Abd Allah Al-ÑAjÊrÊ. YanbËÑ al-GhiwÉyah al-Fikriyah. (Markas bayan, 2nd edn, 1434 AH)
  • Abd Allah ShaÍatah. ÑUlËm Quran. (DÉr al-Gharib, 2002) Abd al-MajÊd al-SharfÊ. Al-Ilam wa Al-Hriyah Su‘ Tafahum Tarikhi. ( Manshurat rabitat al-aqlaniyin al-arab, DÉr al-batraa li al-tawzi, 2007).
  • Abd Al-Majid Al-Najar. Al-Qiar al-Jadidah li al-Nas al-Dini. (Dimashq, Markaz al-Rayah li al-Tanmiyah). Ibn Al-NajÉr al-FatËÍÊ. SharÍ al-Kawkab al- MunÊr. (riyad: Maktabat al-Ubaykan, 2nd edn, 1997)
  • Abd Al-Majid Al-SharfÊ. Al-Islam bayna al-Risalah wa al-Tarikh. (Beirut: dar al-Tali‘ah, 2nd, 2008)
  • Abd Al-Majid al-SharfÊ. LabinÉt. (Tunisia: Dar al-Jadidah. 1994) Abd Al-Majid Al-Sharfi. Tahdith al-Fikr al-Islami. (Dal al-Madar al- Islami, 2nd edn 2009)
  • Abd Al-Majid Al-Sharfi. Al-Hadathah wa al-Islam. (Dar MadÉr al- Islamiyyah, 2009)
  • AbË IsÍÉq Al-ShÉÏibÊ. Al-MuwÉfakÉt. TaÍqÊq: Abd Allah DrÉz. (Egypt: Al-Maktabah al-Tijariyah al-Kubrah).
  • Abu ×Émad Al-Ghazali. Al-Mustasfa. (Egypt: Sharikat al-ÙibÉÑah al- Faniyah al-MutaÍidah, nd)
  • Abu ×Émad Al-Ghazali. Shifa al-GhalÊl fi Bayan al-Shabah wa al- Mukhayal wa masÉlik al-TaÑlÊl. (Baghdad: MaÏbaÑat al-IrshÉd, 1390 AH).
  • Abu ×Émad al-GhazÉlÊ. Al-Mankhul fi Taliqat UÎËl Fiqh. TaÍkÊk: MuÍamad ×asan HÊtË (Dimashq: Dar al-Fikr 2nd edn, 1400AH)
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Din Araştırmaları
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Aouidad Rachid Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 14 Ekim 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Temmuz 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD Rachid, Aouidad. “Arab Modernists and Maqasid Shariah: A Critical Analysis”. BALAGH - Journal of Islamic and Humanities Studies 1/2 (Ekim 2021), 330-352.
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