KIYISAL SULAK ALANLAR KORUMA YASASI: APALACHICOLA-CHATTAHOOCHEE-FLINT (ACF) NEHRİ ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 11, 34 - 44, 01.03.2007

Latif Gürkan Kaya

Öz

Kıyısal sulak alanlar, halka ait alanlardır, gel-gittin olduğu kıyısal sistemlerin ve halicin önemli bir parçasıdır.

Kıyısal sulak alanların su seviyesi, olağan gel-git seviyesinden düşüktür.

Kıyısal sulak alanlar doğal kaynak sistemleri için oldukça önemlidir. Bu alanların kaynak sistemi, imkansız

olmadığı sürece, bir insan tarafından elverişsiz şekilde etkilenirse yeniden oluşturulabilir ya da iyileştirilebilir.

ABD’de, Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) nehir eyaletleri (örneğin Georgia, Alabama ve Florida) sulak

alan programlarının yapı ve fonksiyonlarında ACF nehir havzalarının sulak alanlarını etkileyen çeşitlilikler

bulunmaktadır. Bazı eyaletlerin özel sulak alanlar programı bulunmamasına rağmen, bu alanlar için izin ve su

kalitesi sertifikaları bulunmaktadır. Bazı eyalet programları, yerel yönetimler diğer programları uygularken,

eyalet kuruluşlarını etkiler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kıyısal sulak alan, Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) nehri, Sulak Alan Koruma Yasası

COASTAL WETLANDS PROTECTION ACT: CASE OF APALACHICOLA-CHATTAHOOCHEE-FLINT (ACF) RIVER

Öz

Coastal wetlands, being important components of estuarine and coastal systems, stand for all publicly owned

lands subject to the ebb and flow of the tide. They are below the watermark of ordinary high tide.

The coastal wetlands contain a vital natural resource system. The coastal wetlands resource system, unless

impossible, to reconstruct or rehabilitate once adversely affected by human.

In the USA, the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) river states (i.e. Georgia, Alabama and Florida) have

variation in the structure and the function of their wetland program affecting the ACF river basins' wetlands.

Although some states have no special wetlands program, they have permits and water quality certification for

these areas. Some state programs affect state agencies while local government implements other programs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coastal wetland, Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) river, Wetland Protection Act

Kaynakça

• Clark, J.R. 1996. Coastal Zone Management Handbook. CRC Press, Inc.
• DEP 2007. Wetlands. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/wetlands/index.htm
• EHSO 1999. State of Georgia Environmental Protection Regulations. Environment, Health and Safety Online, http://ehso.com/stategaregs.php
• Elder, J.F., Flagg, S.D. and Mattraw, H.C., Jr. 1988. Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida: A summary of the River Quality Assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2196, Chapter D, 44 p.
• EPA 2001. Types of Coastal Wetlands. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Wetlands, EPA 843-F-01-002b, September 2001.
• Livingston, R. J. 1992. Medium-sized rivers of the Gulf Coastal Plain in Biodiversity of the Southeastern United States, Hackney, C.T., Adams, S.M., and Martin, W.H. [eds.]: Aquatic Communities, p. 351-385.
• Loftus, K. K. and Smardon, R. C. 1996. Strategies for the stewardship and conservation of Great Lakes coastal wetlands. Fisheries 26 pp.
• Moulton, D.W. and Jacob, J.S. 2003. Texas Coastal Wetland Guidebook. Texas Sea Grant Publication. http://www.texaswetlands.org/introduction.htm
• Pensacola Community 1999. Gulf Coast Environmental Defense, The Pensacola Area Community Guide, http://www.pcola.com/gced/
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2007. Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act, http://www.fws.gov/laws/laws_digest/COASWET.HTML
• USGS 2004. Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) River basin study, U.S. Geological Survey's National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, http://ga.water.usgs.gov/nawqa
• WWF 1992. Statewide Wetlands Strategies: A guide to protecting and managing the resource. World Wildlife Foundation, Island Press, Washington, D.C.
• Zinn, J. A. 1994. Coastal Wetlands. Senior Analyst in Natural Resources Policy Environment and Natural Resources Policy Division. http://www.cnie.org/nle/mar-20/k.html