The Transformation of Humanitarian Crises into Disasters in the Israel–Palestine Conflict: The Case of Gaza

Öz

Wars are not regarded merely as events that result in military casualties and physical destruction, but rather as multi-layered crisis processes that simultaneously affect social life, environmental balances, and institutional functioning. The Israel–Palestine conflict stands out as one of the most current and striking examples of this transformation. In this study, the humanitarian crisis that emerged in Gaza following the conflict is examined within the framework of disaster management, and the secondary disaster processes triggered by war are analysed from a holistic perspective. In this context, infrastructure collapse, water and energy shortages, functional losses within the healthcare system, the risk of epidemic diseases, problems related to waste management, mass displacement, and psychosocial impacts are evaluated together. The dataset of the study is based on up-to-date technical reports, situation analyses, and field assessments published by the United Nations and relevant international organisations. The findings indicate that disaster management capacity is noticeably weakened under conflict conditions and that basic life-sustaining services are becoming increasingly unsustainable.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Palestine
• Gaza
• war–disaster interaction
• secondary disasters
• disaster management

İsrail–Filistin Çatışmasında İnsani Krizlerin Afete Dönüşümü: Gazze Örneği

Öz

Savaşlar, yalnızca askeri kayıplar ve fiziksel yıkım üreten olaylar olarak değil, toplumsal yaşamı, çevresel dengeleri ve kurumsal işleyişi aynı anda etkileyen çok katmanlı kriz süreçleri olarak değerlendirilmektedir. İsrail–Filistin çatışması, bu dönüşümün güncel ve çarpıcı örneklerinden biri olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Gazze’de çatışmaların ardından ortaya çıkan insani kriz, afet yönetimi perspektifi çerçevesinde ele alınmış; savaşın tetiklediği ikincil afet süreçleri bütüncül bir bakışla incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda altyapı çöküşü, su ve enerji kesintileri, sağlık sisteminde yaşanan işlev kayıpları, salgın hastalık riski, atık yönetimine ilişkin sorunlar, kitlesel yerinden edilme ve psikososyal etkiler birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın veri seti, Birleşmiş Milletler ve ilgili uluslararası kuruluşlar tarafından yayımlanan güncel teknik raporlar, durum analizleri ve saha değerlendirmelerine dayanmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, çatışma koşullarında afet yönetimi kapasitesinin belirgin biçimde zayıfladığını ve temel yaşam hizmetlerinin giderek sürdürülemez hâle geldiğini göstermektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Filistin
• Gazze
• savaş–afet etkileşimi
• ikincil afetler
• afet yönetimi

Kaynakça

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