Cimnastik Çalışmalarının Kız Çocuklarının Fiziksel Uygunluğuna Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışma, 6-8 yaş arası kız çocuklarında 12 haftalık temel cimnastik antrenman programının antropometrik parametreler ve biyomotor beceriler üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Daha önce cimnastik deneyimi olmayan toplam 40 kız çocuğu (yaş aralığı: 6-8 yaş), rastgele bir şekilde Antrenman Grubu'na (TG, n = 20) veya Kontrol Grubu'na (KG, n = 20) ayrıldı. TG, 12 hafta boyunca gözetimli temel cimnastik seanslarına (haftada 3 seans, her biri 90 dakika) katılırken, KG herhangi bir müdahale almadı. Antropometrik ölçümler (vücut ağırlığı, boy, BMI) ve biyomotor performans (Eurofit test bataryası: esneklik, denge, güç, çeviklik) başlangıçta ve müdahale sonrasında değerlendirildi. Veriler, anlamlılık p < 0,05 olarak belirlenen Wilcoxon işaretli sıra testi kullanılarak analiz edildi. Etki büyüklükleri (Cohen'in d'si), tüm ana çıktılar için hesaplandı. TG, denge (flamingo testi), esneklik (otur-ve-eriş testi), güç (el kavrama gücü, ayakta uzun atlama) ve çeviklikte (10x5m mekik koşusu) önemli gelişmeler gösterdi (hepsi p < 0,05, etki büyüklükleri: 0,45-0,78). Buna karşılık, CG anlamlı bir gelişme göstermedi ve bazı parametrelerde performansta hafif düşüşler gözlendi. Gruplar arası farklılıklar, tüm biyomotor çıktılarda TG'yi destekledi. Yapılandırılmış 12 haftalık bir cimnastik antrenman programı, genç kızlarda biyomotor yetenekleri önemli ölçüde artırabilir ve antropometrik gelişimi olumlu yönde etkileyebilir. Bu bulgular, cimnastiğin erken çocukluk beden eğitimi müfredatına dahil edilmesini desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• antropometri
• biyomotor beceriler
• çocuklar
• cimnastik
• beden eğitimi

Proje Numarası

24.05.2021-16118

Etik Beyan

Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Sağlık Bilimleri Alanı Bilimsel Araştırma Ve Yayın Etiği Kurul onayı alınmıştır.

Teşekkür

Katkılarından dolayı Büşra Candan'a teşekkür ederiz.

Effects of Gymnastics Training on Girls’ Fitness

Öz

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a structured 12-week basic gymnastics training program on anthropometric characteristics and biomotor performance in girls aged 6–8 years. Forty participants with no prior gymnastics experience were randomly assigned to a Training Group (TG, n = 20) or a Control Group (CG, n = 20). The TG participated in supervised gymnastics sessions three times per week (90 minutes per session), while the CG continued their usual daily activities without structured training. Anthropometric variables (body weight, height, BMI, body fat percentage) and biomotor performance (Eurofit test battery: balance, flexibility, strength, agility, and endurance) were assessed before and after the intervention. Normality was evaluated using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Due to non-normal distributions, nonparametric tests were used. Within-group changes were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, and between-group differences in change scores (Δ = post – pre) were assessed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Significant improvements were observed in the training group across all biomotor variables (p < .05), whereas the control group showed limited or no significant changes. Between-group comparisons revealed significantly greater performance improvements in the training group, with moderate-to-large effect sizes. Anthropometric changes were similar between groups and were interpreted as growth-related rather than training-specific. These findings indicate that structured gymnastics training may enhance multiple components of physical performance in young girls beyond typical developmental changes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• anthropometry
• biomotor skills
• children
• Gymnastics
• Physical Education

Proje Numarası

24.05.2021-16118

Etik Beyan

Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Rectorate Health Sciences Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee approval has been received.

Teşekkür

We would like to thank Büşra Candan for her contributions.

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