İKİNCİ ÇİN-JAPON SAVAŞI’NDA (1937-1945) ÇİNLİ SAVAŞ TERCÜMANLARI

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 52 - 69, 26.12.2023

Çile Maden Kalkan

https://doi.org/10.14514/beykozad.1343253

Öz

Bu çalışma, savaş tercümanlarını özellikle olağanüstü durumlardaki aktif konumlarına, kültürel köprü niteliklerine ve sınırları aşma stratejilerine odaklanarak ele almaktadır. Çalışma İkinci Çin-Japon Savaşı (1931–1945) dönemi ile sınırlandırılmış olup, bu savaşta tercüman olarak görevlendirilmiş Xia Wenyun’un (夏文运/ 1906-1978) vaka incelemesi ile örneklendirilmiştir. Çalışmada özellikle Marx’ın sermaye kavramından farklı olarak tercümanın sosyal ve politik sermaye birikimini vurgulayan Pierre Bourdieu’nun “sembolik sermaye” kavramından yararlanılmıştır. Bourdieu’nun sembolik sermayesi, insanların sermaye olarak algılamadıkları belirli bir sermaye biçiminin etkisini anlatmaktadır. Bourdieu’ya göre sembolik sermaye biraz da habitus ile alakalı olup, bireyin kendisi ile alakalı olan görünüş, duruş ve konuşma gibi özelliklerini kapsamaktadır. Onun sembolik sermaye kavramı, İkinci Çin-Japon Savaşı’nda hem ajan hem de Çinli tercüman olarak görev yapan Xia Wenyun üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada veri toplamak amacıyla China Academic Journals (CNKI) veri tabanı ve açık kaynaklardan elde edilen bilgiler ve bu alanda yazılmış kitaplar kullanılarak İkinci Çin-Japon Savaşı içerisinde tercümanların rolü incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak tercümanların, olağanüstü durumlarla karşı karşıya kaldıklarında birikmiş sermayelerini hem kendilerini korumak hem de çıkarlarını müzakere etmek için çekinmeden kullanabildikleri sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

tercüman, sermaye, Bourdieu, 2. Çin-Japon Savaşı, Xia Wenyun

Destekleyen Kurum

Destekleyen kurum yoktur.

CHINESE WAR TRANSLATORS IN THE SECOND SINO-JAPANESE WAR (1937-1945)

Öz

This study deals with war interpreters, focusing especially on their active positions in emergencies, their cultural bridging qualities, and their strategies to cross borders. The study is limited to the period of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1931-1945) and is exemplified by the case study of Xia Wenyun (夏文运/ 1906-1978), who was assigned as a translator in that war. In the study, different from Marx’s concept of capital, Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of “symbolic capital”, which emphasizes the translator’s social and political capital accumulation, was used. Bourdieu’s symbolic capital describes the impact of a particular form of capital that people perceive as capital. According to Bourdieu, symbolic capital is somewhat related to habitus and includes features such as appearance, posture and speech that are related to the individual himself. His concept of symbolic capital is discussed through Xia Wenyun, who served as both an agent and a Chinese translator in the Second Sino-Japanese War. In order to collect data in the study, the role of translators in the Second Sino-Japanese War was examined by using the China Academic Journals (CNKI) database and the information obtained from open sources and the books written in this field. As a result, it has been concluded that interpreters can use their accumulated capital without hesitation when faced with extraordinary situations, both to protect themselves and to negotiate their interests.

Anahtar Kelimeler

translator, capital, Bourdieu, II. Sino-Japanese War, Xia Wenyun

Kaynakça

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