High Technological Turbulence And Company Success

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 15 - 31, 30.04.2023

Tuğkan Arıcı , Mehmet Şahin Gök

https://doi.org/10.38057/bifd.1173036

Öz

Customer expectations, technological changes, and high competition affect firm performance. Technological advances, along with globalization, have increased competition, which has in turn shortened product life cycles. These technological developments, combined with shortened product life cycles, have led to the emergence of technological turbulence. Technological turbulence is one of the most studied and important topics in the literature, as it brings about both success and change/instability. Therefore, many studies have examined whether technological turbulence is an advantage or disadvantage for firms. When examining the studies in the literature, it has been determined that the effects of technological turbulence on firm performance are generally analyzed. However, based on the findings obtained, clear results have not yet been established on the subject. This study focuses on SSCI indexed empirical studies published within the last five years regarding technological turbulence. The meta-analysis method was used to examine these studies. Based on the results, it has been determined that firms are more successful when operating in low technological turbulence conditions, despite taking less risk. Moreover, the study identified steps that firms can take to avoid adverse effects on their performance as the intensity of technological turbulence increases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Technological Turbulence, Firm Performance, Meta Analysis

Yüksek Teknolojik Türbülans Ve Firma Başarısı

Öz

Müşteri beklentileri, teknolojik değişimler ve yüksek rekabet firma performansını etkilemektedir. Küreselleşmeyle birlikte yaşanan teknolojik ilerlemeler rekabeti arttırmış, artan rekabet ürün yaşam sürelerinin kısaltmış, kısalan ürün yaşam ömürleri ile teknolojik gelişmeler ise teknolojik türbülansın ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Literatürde en çok incelenen ve önemli konu başlıklarından biri olan teknolojik türbülans, beraberinde değişim ve istikrarsızlık getirdiği gibi başarıyı da getirmektedir. Bu nedenle de teknolojik türbülansın hangi durum firmalar için avantaj ya da dezavantaj unsuru olduğu pek çok çalışmada incelenmiştir. Literatürdeki çalışmalar incelendiğinde genellikle teknolojik türbülansın firma performansı üzerindeki etkilerinin incelendiği ancak elde edilen bulgulardan yola çıkarak konu hakkında henüz net sonuçlar elde edilemediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında teknolojik türbülans odağında son 5 yılda yayınlanan SSCI endeksli ampirik çalışmalar meta analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmada ışığında firmaların düşük teknolojik türbülans koşullarında daha az risk almalarına karşın daha başarılı oldukları ve teknolojik türbülans yoğunluğu arttıkça firma performansının olumsuz etkilenmemesi için firmaların atması gereken adımlar tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teknolojik Türbülans, Firma Performansı, Meta Analizi

Kaynakça

• Akgun, A.E., Keskin, H., Byrne, J. (2012). “Antecedents and Contingent Effects of Organizational Adaptive Capability on Firm Product Innovativeness”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 29(1), pp: 171-189. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5885.2012.00949.x
• Akgöz, S., Ercan, İ., & Kan, İ. (2004). Meta-analizi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(2), 107-112.
• Arias-Perez, J., Velez-Jaramillo, J. (2021). "Understanding Knowledge Hiding Under Technological Turbulence Caused by Artificial Intelligence and Robotics", Journal of Knowledge Management, 25(6), pp: 1476-1491. DOI: 10.1108/JKM-01-2021-0058
• Autry, C.W., Grawe, S.J., Daugherty, P.J., Richey, R.G. (2010). “The Effects of Technological Turbulence and Breadth on Supply Chain Technology Acceptance and Adoption”, Journal of Operations Management, 28(6), pp: 522-536. DOI: 10.1016/j.jom.2010.03.001
• Baba, M., Mahmood, R., Halipah, A. (2017). "The Moderating Role of Environmental Turbulence on The Relationship Between Organizational Learning and Firm Innovativeness", International Journal of Management Research and Reviews, 7(2), pp: 148-15.
• Bhatt, G., Emdad, A., Roberts, N., Grover, V. (2010). “Building and Leveraging Information in Dynamic Environments: The Role of IT Infrastructure Flexibility As Enabler of Organizational Responsiveness and Competitive Advantage”, Information and Management, 47(7/8), pp: 341-349. DOI:10.1016/j.im.2010.08.001
• Bodlaj, M., Cater, B. (2019), “The Impact of Environmental Turbulence on the Perceived Importance of Innovation and Innovativeness in SMEs”, Journal of Small Business Management, 57(2), pp: 417-435. DOI: 10.1111/jsbm.12482
• Bstieler, L. (2005), “The Moderating Effect of Environmental Uncertainty On New Product Development and Time Efficiency”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 22(3), pp: 267-284. DOI:10.1111/j.0737-6782.2005.00122.x
• Calantone, R., Garcia, R., Droge, C. (2003). “The Effects of Environmental Turbulence On New Product Development Strategy Planning”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 20(2), 90–103. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-5885.2002003
• Caputo, F., Giacosa, E., Mazzoleni, A., Ossorio, M. (2019). “Ambidextrous Workforces for Managing Market Turbulence”, Career Development International”, 24(5), pp: 491-507. Doi: 10.1108/CDI-10-2018-0265
• Carbonell, P., Escudero, A.I.R. (2015). "The Negative Effect of Team's Prior Experience and Technological Turbulence On New Service Development Projects with Customer Involvement", European Journal of Marketing, 49(3-4), pp: 278-301. DOI: 10.1108/EJM-08-2013-0438
• Chen, J., Neubaum, D.O., Reilly, R.R., Lynn, G.S. (2015a). "The Relationship Between Team Autonomy and new Product Development Performance Under Different Levels of Technological Turbulence", Journal of Operations Management, 33(34), pp: 83-96. DOI: 10.1016/j.jom.2014.10.001
• Chen, Y., Wang, Y., Nevo, S., Benitez-Amado, J., Kou, G. (2015b). “IT Capabilities and Product Innovation Performance: The Roles of Corporate Entrepreneurship and Competitive Intensity”, Information and Management, 52, pp: 643-657. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.05.003
• Clercq, D., Thongpapanl, N., Voronov, M. (2018). “Sustainability in the Face of Institutional Adversity: Market Turbulence, Network Embeddedness, and Innovative Orientation”, journal of Business Ethics, 148, pp: 437-455. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-3004-7
• Cunha, M.P.Ee, Rego, A., Oliveira, P., Rosado, P., Habib, N. (2014). “Product Innovation in Resource‐Poor Environments: Three Research Streams”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(2), pp: 202–210. DOI: 10.1111/jpim.12090
• Darvishmotevali, M., Altinay, L., Koseoglu, M.A. (2020), “The Link Between Environmental Uncertainty, Organizational Agility, and Organizational Creativity in The Hotel Industry”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87, pp: 1-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102499
• Den Hertog, P., Van Der, A.W., De Jong, M.W. (2010), “Capabilities for Managing Service Innovation: Towards A Conceptual Framework”, Journal of Service Management, 21(4), pp: 490-514. DOI: 10.1108/09564231011066123
• Dost, M., Pahi, M.H., Magsi, H.B., Umrani, W.A. (2019). “Effects of Sources of Knowledge on Frugal Innovation: Moderating Role of Environmental Turbulence”, Journal of Knowledge Management, 23(7), pp: 1245-1259. DOI: 10.1108/JKM-01-2019-0035
• Efrat, K., Shoham, A. (2012). “Born Global Firms: The Differences Between Their Short and Long-Term Performance Drivers”, Journal of World Business, 47(4), pp: 675–685. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2012.01.015
• Gao, G. Y., Xie, E., Zhou, K. Z. (2015). “How Does Technological Diversity in Supplier Network Drive Buyer Innovation? Relational Process and Contingencies”, Journal of Operations Management, 36, 165–177. DOI: 10.1016/j.jom.2014.06.001
• Gomezel, A.S., Aleksic, D. (2020). "The Relationships Between Technological Turbulence, Flow Experience, Innovation Performance and Small Firm Growth", Journal of Business Economics and Management, 21(3), pp: 760-782. DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2020.12280
• Grewal, R. Chandrashekaran, M., Johnson, J.L., Mallapragada, G. (2013), “Environments, Unobserved Heterogeneity and The Effect of Market Orientation On Outcomes for High-Tech Firms”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 41(2), pp: 203-233. DOI: 10.1007/s11747-011-0295-9
• Gu, F. F., Hung, K., Tse, D. K. (2008). “When Does Guanxi Matter? Issues of Capitalization and Its Dark Sides”, Journal of Marketing, 72(4), pp: 12–28.
• Haarhaus, T., Liening, A. (2020). “Building Dynamic Capabilities to Cope with Environmental Uncertainty: The Role of Strategic Foresight”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 155, pp: 1-15. DOI: 0.1016/j.techfore.2020.120033
• Hanvanich, S., Sivaf, K., Hult, G.T.M. (2006). “The Relationship of Learning and Memory with Organizational Performance: The Moderating Role of Turbulence”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 34, pp: 600–612. DOI:10.1177/0092070306287327
• Hosseini, S.M., Sheikhi, N. (2012). “An Empirical Examination of Competitive Capability’s Contribution Toward Firm Performance: Moderating Role of Perceived Environmental Uncertainty”, International Business Research, 5(5), pp: 116–131. DOI:10.5539/ibr.v5n5p116
• Jaworski, B.J., Kohli, A.K. (1993), “Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 57 No. 3, pp. 53-70.
• Johnsen, T.E. (2009), “Supplier Involvement in New Product Development And Innovation: Taking Stock And Looking To The Future”, Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 15(3), pp: 187-197. DOI: 10.1016/j.pursup.2009.03.008
• Kaplan, M. (2020). “Dinamik Yeteneklerin Rekabet Avantajı ve Çevresel Türbülans Üzerine Etkisi: Ayakkabıcılık Sektörü Örneği”, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İşletme Anabilim Dalı Yönetim Organizasyon Bilim Dalı Doktora Tezi, Konya.
• Kindström, D., Kowalkowski, C. (2009), “Development of Industrial Service Offerings: A Process Framework”, Journal of Service Management, 20(2), pp: 15-172. DOI:10.1108/09564230910952753
• Kock, A., Georg Gemunden, H. (2016), “Antecedents to Decision-Making Quality and Agility in Innovation Portfolio Management”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 33(6), pp: 670-686. DOI: 10.1111/jpim.12336
• Kohli, A.K., Jaworski, B.J. (1990). "Market Orientation: The Construct, Research Propositions and Managerial Implications", Journal of Marketing, 54, pp:1-18.
• Kwok, F., Sharma, P., Gaur, S.S., Ueno, A. (2019). "Interactive Effects of Information Exchange, Relationship Capital and Environmental Uncertainty on International Joınt Venture (IJV) Performance: An Emerging Markets Pespective", International Business Review, 28, pp: 1-12. DOI: 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2018.02.008
• Lavie, D. (2006), “Capability Reconfiguration: An Analysis of Incumbent Responses to Technological Change”, Academy of Management Review, 31(1), pp: 153-174.
• Li,Y., Kwok, R.C.W., Zhang, S., Gao, S. (2020). "How Could Firms Benefit More from Absorptive Capacity Under Technological Turbulence? The Contingent Effect of Managerial Mechanisms", Asian Journal of Technology Innovation, 28(1), pp:1-20. DOI: 10.1080/19761597.2019.1686708
• Lingmont, D.N.J., Alexiou, A. (2020), “The Contingent Effect of Job Automating Technology Awareness On Perceived Job Insecurity: Exploring The Moderating Role of Organizational Culture”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 161, pp: 1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120302
• Ottesen, G.G., Gronhaug, K. (2004). "Exploring The Dynamics of Market Orientation in Turbulent Environments: A Case Study", European Journal of Marketing, 38(8), pp: 956-973.
• Pinheiro, J., Silva, G.M., Dias, A.L., Lages, L.F., Preto, M.T. (2020). "Fostering Knowledge Creation to Improve Performance: The Mediation role of Manufacturing Flexibility", Business Process Management Journal, 26(7), pp: 1871-1892. DOI 10.1108/BPMJ-10-2019-0413
• Pratono, A.H. (2016). "Strategic Orientation and Information Technological Turbulence: Contingency Perspective in SMEs", Business Process Management Journal, 22(2), pp: 368-382. DOI: 10.1108/BPMJ-05-2015-0066
• Puriwat, W., Hoonsopon, D. (2022). "Cultivating Product Innovation Performance Through Creativity: The Impact of Organizational Agility and Flexibility Under Technological Turbulence", Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 33(4), pp: 741-762. DOI: 10.1108/JMTM-10-2020-0420 Rakap, S., Yücesoy-Özkan, Ş., & Kalkan, S. (2020). Tek denekli deneysel araştırmalarda etki büyüklüğü hesaplama: örtüşmeyen veriye dayalı yöntemlerin incelenmesi. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 35(85), 40-60. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.31828/tpd1300443320181023m000015
• Rosenbusch, N., Brinckmann, J., Bausch, A. (2011), “Is Innovation Always Beneficial? A Meta Analysis of the Relationship Between Innovation and Performance in SMEs”, Journal of Business Venturing, 26(4), PP: 441-457.
• Segarra, A., Callejon, M. (2002). “New Firms' Survival and Market Turbulence: New Evidence from Spain”, Review of Industrial Organization, 20(1), pp: 1-14.
• Sheng, S., Zhou, K.Z., Li, J.J. (2011). “The Effects of Business and Political Ties On Firm Performance: Evidence from China”, Journal of Marketing, 75(1), pp: 1–15. DOI: 10.1509/jm.75.1.1
• Sheng, H., Feng, T., Chen, L., Chu, D. (2021). “Responding to Market Turbulence by Big Data Analytics and Mass Customization Capability”, Industrial Management and Data Systems, 121(12), pp: 2614-2636. DOI 10.1108/IMDS-03-2021-0160
• Song, M., Montoya-Weiss, M.M. (2001), “The Effect of Perceived Technological Uncertainty On Japanese New Product Development”, Academy of Management Journal, 44(1), pp: 61-80.
• Staniec, I. (2018). "Technological Entrepreneurship: How Does Environmental Turbulence Impact Upon Collaboration Risk?", Sustainability, 10 (2762) pp: 1-18. DOI:10.3390/su10082762
• Stock, G.N., Tatikonda, M.V. (2008), “The Joint Influence of Technology Uncertainty and Interorganizational Interaction On External Technology Integration Success”, Journal of Operations Management, 26(1), pp: 65-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.jom.2007.04.003
• Sung, S.Y., Choi, J.N. (2019). “Contingent Effects of Workforce Diversity on Firm Innovation: High Tech Industry and Market Turbulence As Critical Environmental Contingencies”, International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(9), pp: 1986-2012. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/ 09585192.2019.1579243.
• Sull, D. (2009). How to Thrive In Turbulent Markets. Harvard Business Review. Access: https://hbr.org/2009/02/how-to-thrive-in-turbulent-markets Date: 15.08.2022
• Tsai, K.H., Yang, S.Y. (2014). “The Contingent Value of Firm Innovativeness for Business Performance Under Environmental Turbulence”, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 10(2), pp. 343-366. DOI: 10.1007/s11365-012-0225-4
• Vecchiato, R. (2015). "Strategic Planning and Organizational Flexibility in Turbulent Environments", Foresight, 17(3), pp: 257-273. DOI: 10.1108/FS-05-2014-0032 Wang, G., Dou, W., Zhu, W., Zhou, N. (2015). “The Effects of Firm Capabilities on External Collaboration and Performance: The Moderating Role of Market Turbulence”, Journal of Business Research, 68, pp: 1928-1936.
• Wang, G., Dou, W., Zhu, W., & Zhou, N. (2015). The effects of firm capabilities on external collaboration and performance: the moderating role of market turbulence. Journal of Business Research, 68, 1928-1936.
• Wong, S.K. (2014). “Impacts of Environmental Turbulence on Entrepreneurial Orientation and New Product Success”, European Journal of Innovation Management, 17(2), pp: 229 249. DOI: 10.1108/EJIM-04-2013-0032
• Wu, X., Li, S., Xu, N., Zhang, W., Wu, D. (2021). “User Participation Depth and Innovation Performance of Internet Companies: The Moderating Effect of Environmental Turbulence”, Technology Analysis and Strategic Management. DOI: 10.1080/09537325.2021.2008893
• Xiao, C., Petkova, B., Molleman, E., Vaart, T. (2019). "Technology Uncertainty in Supply Chains and Supplier Involvement: The Role of Resource Dependence", Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 24(6), pp: 697-709. DOI: 10.1108/SCM-10-2017-0334
• Yan, T., Nair, A. (2016), “Structuring Supplier Involvement in New Product Development: A China–US Study”, Decision Sciences, 47(4), pp: 589-627. DOI:10.1111/deci.12195
• Yang, J., Ma, J., Zhao, H., Cater, J., Arnold, M. (2019). “Family Involvement, Environmental Turbulence, and R&D Investment: Evidence from Listed Chinese SMEs”, Small Business Economic, 53, pp:1017-1032. DOI: 10.1007/s11187-018-0113-6
• Yang, S., Tu, C. (2020). "Capital and New Product Quality in High-Tech Startups-An Examination in Two Environemntal Contexts", Innovation: Organization and Management, 22(1), pp: 39 - 55. DOI: 10.1080/14479338.2019.1626238
• Yayla, S., Yeniyurt, S., Uslay, C., Cavusgil, E. (2018). "The Role of Market Orientation, Relational Capital, and Internationalization Speed in Foreign Market Exit and Re-Entry Decision Under Turbulent Conditions", International Business Review, 27, pp: 1105-1115. DOI: 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2018.04.002
• Yi, Y., Li, Y., Hitt, M. A., Liu, Y., Wei, Z. (2016). “The Influence of Resource Bundling On The Speed of Strategic Change: Moderating Effects of Relational Capital”, Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 33(2), pp: 1–33. DOI:10.1007/s10490-016-9458-z
• Zhang, Y., Wang, L., Gao, J., Li, X. (2020). "Servitization and Business Performance: The Moderating Effects of Environmental Uncertainty", Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 35(5), PP: 803-815. Doi: 10.1108/JBIM-03-2019-0123
• Zhao, J. (2020). "Knowledge Management Capability and Technology Uncertainty: Driving Factors of Dual Innovation", Technology Analysis and Strategic Management", 33(7), pp: 783 796. DOI: 10.1080/09537325.2020.1841896