Nudge as a Public Policy Tool

Abstract

Many public policy tools are constituted to perform legally defined actions and thus fulfill the needs of the people. Policy tools, which are an important element of the policy's success, are divided into norms, financial regulations and informative attitudes with general classification. The emergence of public policy problems that the states have difficulty in solving and the increasing number of these problems have shown the inadequacy of the aforementioned traditional tools in problem-solving. This has led to the emergence of new tools. The nudge, which is the subject of this study, is one of the new tools. In the study, which aims to evaluate nudging as a public policy tool, primarily the tools and the conceptual framework about nudging are discussed. Afterwards, nudging was handled as a tool of politics, and in the last part, criticisms of nudging were included. At the end of the study, it was understood that a nudge is a tool used more and more by the states. However, it was concluded that the nudge tool is not generally accepted Despite the nudges successfully used by governments, there are criticisms on an ethical basis According to the result, nudges will continue to be used as a policy tool, and the number of studies defending and criticizing nudges will continue to increase.

Keywords

• Nudge
• public policy
• public policy tools
• ethic

Bir Kamu Politikası Aracı Olarak Dürtme

Öz

Yasal olarak tanımlanmış eylemleri gerçekleştirmek ve halkın ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak amacıyla oluşturulan kamu politikalarının birçok aracı bulunmaktadır. Politikanın başarıya ulaşmasının önemli bir unsuru olan araçlar; genel bir sınıflandırma ile normlar, mali düzenlemeler ve bilgi şeklinde üçe ayrılmaktadır. Devletlerin çözmekte zorlandığı kamu politikası sorunlarının ortaya çıkması ve bu sorunların gittikçe artması geleneksel araçların problem çözme noktasında yetersizliğini göstermiştir. Bu durum yeni araçların ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmanın konusu olan dürtme, yeni araçlardan biridir. Dürtmeyi bir kamu politikası aracı olarak değerlendirmeyi amaçlayan çalışmada öncelikle araçlar ve dürtme konusundaki kavramsal çerçeve ele almıştır. Akabinde dürtme bir politika aracı olarak ele alınmış ve son kısımda dürtmeye yöneltilen eleştirilere yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda dürtmenin devletler tarafından giderek daha fazla kullanılan bir araç olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Ancak dürtme aracının genel kabul gören bir araç olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Hükümetler tarafından başarılı bir şekilde kullanılan dürtmeler karşısında etik temelde eleştiriler söz konusudur. Dürmenin bir politika aracı olarak kullanılmaya ve ortaya çıkan sonuçlara göre dürtmeleri savunan ve eleştiren çalışmaların sayısının artmaya devam edeceği anlaşılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dürtme
• kamu politikası
• kamu politikası araçları
• etik.

Kaynakça

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