The Immigration Regulation and Control Problem of the European Union

Yıl 2022, , 471 - 484, 30.12.2022

Osman Karacan , Yunus Emre Karaca

https://doi.org/10.33399/biibfad.1191495

Öz

After World War Two, Western Europe states started to receive migrants to fill labour shortages. With the end of the Cold War, the flow of immigrants to Europe accelerated, and the issue of immigration became one of the most important topics on the European Union’s agenda by the 2000s. In this context, this study seeks to answer whether European states have lost their immigration control. This study aims to clarify the internal and external reasons that adversely affect the capacity of European states to control immigration, focusing primarily on the developments since 1945. The immigration policies of the European Union (EU) are also discussed in this context. This study employed the qualitative research methodology. In the study, academic books and articles were used besides online newspapers and the official documents prepared by the EU. The study's findings demonstrate that although European states have not entirely lost their control over immigration, their current immigration policies are insufficient to stop the flow of immigration to Europe.

Anahtar Kelimeler

European Union, EU, Immigration, Immigration Policy, Crisis, Border Control

Avrupa Birliği’nin Göçü Düzenlenme ve Kontrol Sorunu

Öz

İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra Batı Avrupa ülkeleri iş gücü açığını kapatmak için göçmen almaya başlamıştır. Soğuk Savaş’ın sona ermesiyle birlikte Avrupa’ya göçmen akışı hız kazanmış ve göç konusu 2000’li yıllara gelindiğinde Avrupa Birliği’nin en önemli gündem konularından biri haline gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma Avrupa ülkelerinin göç kontrolünü kaybedip kaybetmediği sorusuna cevap aramaktadır. Çalışma, özellikle Avrupa devletlerinin göçü kontrol etme kapasitelerini olumsuz etkileyen iç ve dış nedenleri 1945 yılından günümüze kadar yaşanan gelişmeler ışığında açıklığa kavuşturmayı amaçlamaktadır. Avrupa Birliği’nin (AB) göç politikaları da bu kapsamda ele alınmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemine başvurulmuştur. Araştırmada AB tarafından hazırlanan resmi belgelerin yanı sıra gazete ve İnternet haberlerinden, akademik kitaplar ve makalelerden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları göstermektedir ki Avrupa ülkeleri göç üzerindeki kontrolünü tamamen kaybetmemiş olsa da mevcut göç politikaları Avrupa’ya göç akışını durdurmada yetersiz kalmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Birliği, AB, Göç, Göç Politikası, Kriz, Sınır Kontrolü

Kaynakça

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