Ekonomik Karmaşıklık ve Finansal Gelişmenin Çevresel Bozulma Üzerindeki Ortak Dinamiklerinin İncelenmesi: Avrupa Birliği’nden Yeni Kanıtlar

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 388 - 410, 29.12.2025

Bahar Özbek , Serkan Şahin

https://doi.org/10.33399/biibfad.1682603

https://izlik.org/JA49MT88AR

Öz

Çevresel bozulmanın ekonomik ve sosyal belirleyicileri çevrenin korunmasına yönelik önlemlerin geliştirilmesi açısından önemlidir. AB ülkeleri çevresel kirlilik ile mücadeleye yönelik politikaların geliştirilmesinde öncü ülkeler arasında yer almaktadır. Ancak bu ülkelerde çevresel bozulmanın önlenmesine yönelik politikaların etkinliği tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmada yeni nesil panel veri yöntemleri aracılığıyla AB ülkelerinde 1995-2021 dönemine ait çevresel kirliliğin belirleyicilerine odaklanılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda iki farklı model yardımıyla ekonomik karmaşıklık ve finansal gelişmenin etkileşiminin çevre üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmaktadır. Çalışmada yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin çevresel bozulma üzerindeki belirgin olmayan etkilerinin de ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca bu araştırma, çevresel vergilerin çevrenin korunmasındaki etkinliğini sorgulamaktadır. Çalışma bulguları sağlamlık testleri ile güçlendirilmiştir. Ampirik bulgular ekonomik karmaşıklık ve finansal gelişmenin çevresel bozulmayı artırdığına ancak bu değişkenlerin etkileşiminin çevresel bozulmayı azalttığına işaret etmektedir. Modelde yer alan çevre vergileri ve yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi değişkenlerinin ise ekolojik ayak izini düşürücü etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çevresel kirlilik , Ekonomik karmaşıklık , Finansal gelişme , Çevre vergileri , Dinamik panel veri analizi

Exploring the Shared Dynamics of Economic Complexity and Financial Development in Environmental Degradation: Fresh Evidence from the European Union

https://izlik.org/JA49MT88AR

Öz

Economic and social determinants of environmental degradation are important for the development of measures to protect the environment. EU countries are among the leading countries in the development of policies to combat environmental pollution. However, the effectiveness of policies to prevent environmental degradation in these countries is controversial. This study focuses on the determinants of environmental pollution in EU countries for the period 1995-2021 through next-generation panel data methods. In this context, the impact of the interaction of economic complexity and financial development on the environment is investigated with the help of two models. The study also aims to reveal the subtle effects of renewable energy consumption on the ecological footprint. In addition, this research questions the effectiveness of environmental taxes in protecting the environment. The findings of the study are strengthened by robustness tests. Empirical findings indicate that economic complexity and financial development have a positive effect on ecological degradation, but the interaction of these variables increases environmental degradation. Environmental taxes and renewable energy consumption variables in the model are found to have a decreasing effect on ecological footprint.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Environmental pollution , Economic complexity , Financial development , Environmental Taxes , Dynamic panel data analysis

Kaynakça

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