Ege Bölgesi, Uşak ilindeki yenilebilir bazı Lactarius türlerinin L. deliciosus, L. deterrimus, L. salmonicolor, L. sanguifluus, L. semisanguifluus yağ asitleri ve mineral profillerinin incelenmesi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 95 - 104, 01.01.2018

Handan Çınar Yılmaz Aydın Şükrü Bengü

Öz

2013-2015 yılları arasında Ege Bölgesi, Uşak il ve ilçelerinde, yenilebilir mantarlar türünden olan ve bölge genelinde Çıntar, Kanlıca, Melki gibi değişik isimlerle adlandırılan Lactarius cins taksonlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla çalışmalar yapılmıştır. İl genelinde yaygın bulunan Lactarius deliciosus L.: Fr. Gray , L. deterrimus Gröger , L. salmonicolor R. Heim& Leclair , L. sanguifluus Paulet Fr. ve L. semisanguifluus R. Heim& Leclair türlerinin, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn ve Ni gibi mineral madde içerikleri ve yağ asidi profilleriçalışılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; tüm türlerde, başlıca Fe olmak üzere sırasıyla Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni mineralleri ve Omega 6 adı verilen Linoleik asit bakımından zengin içeriğe sahip oldukları gözlemlenmiştir. Özellikle insan metabolizması için önemli olan Omega 3 adı verilen Linolenik asit içerikleri de tespit edilmiş olup, bu sayede bu türlerin önemli besin maddesi olarak nitelendirilmesi sağlanmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ege Bölgesi, Lactarius, mantar, yağ asidi, mineral

The ınvestigation of fatty acids and mineral profiles of some edible Lactarius species L. deliciosus, L. deterrimus, L. salmonicolor, L. sanguifluus, L. semisanguifluus in the Uşak/Turkey province of Aegean Region

Öz

Between 2013-2015, studies were carried out in the Aegean Region, Uşak Province and provinces, in order to determine the Lactarius taxa which are called edible fungi are named with various names like as Çıntar, Kanlıca, Melki in the region. Mineral content such as Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu and Ni and fatty acid profiles were studies of Lactarius deliciosus, L. deterrimus, L. salmonicolor, L. sanguifluus and L. semisanguifluus species which are found common in the province. according to obtained results; ıt has been observed that all species have rich contents mainly Fe and Linoleic acids which is called Omega6 and Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni respectively. Linolenic acid, also called Omega3 that is important for human metabolism has been detected and for this reason these species can be characterization as an important nutrient

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aegean Region, Lactarius, fungi, fatty acids, minerals

Kaynakça

• Barcelo-Coblijn, M. (2009). Alpha Linoleik acid and its conservation to longer chain n3 fatty acids. Progress in Lipid Research.
• Barros, L., Baptista, P., Correia, D.M., Casal, S., Oliveira, B. ve Ferreira, I.C.F.R. (2007). Fatty acid and sugar compositions, and nutritional value of five wild edible mushrooms from Northeast Portugal. Food Chem. 105: 140-145.
• Breitenbach, J., Kränzlin, F. (2000). Fungi of Switzerland. Volume 6. Russulaceae. Verlag Mykologia, Switzerland. 338.
• Burlingham, G.S. (1907). Some Lactarii from Windham Country, Vermont. Bulletin of teh Torrey Botanical Club. 34: 85-89.
• Burlingham, G.S. (1910). The Lactariae of North America, Fascicles I and II Mycologia. 5: 305-311.
• Christie, W.W. (1990). Gas chromatography and Lipids, A Practical Guide. The Hannah Research Institute, Ayr. Scotland, S:13.
• Çağlarırmak, N., Ünal, K., Ötles, S. (2002). Nutritional value of Edible Mushrooms Collected from the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Mycologia Aplicada International. 14(1): 1-5.
• Çınar Yılmaz, H., Işıloğlu, M. (2016). Some Lactarius Species From the Aegean Region of Turkey, Muğla Journal Science and Technology, Special Issue. 19-20.
• Demirbaş, A. (2001). Concentrations of 21 Metals in 18 Species of Mushrooms Growing in the East Black Sea Region, Food Chemistry. 75: 453-457.
• Diez, V.A., Alvarez, A., (2001). Compositional and nutritional studies on two wild edible mushrooms from northwest Spain. Food Chem., 75: 417-422.
• Dursun, N., Özcan, M. M., Kaşık, G., Öztürk C. (2006). Mineral Contents of 34 Species of Edible Mushrooms Growing Wild in Turkey. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture. 86, 1087-1094.
• Harvey, R.A., Ferrier, D.R. (2011). Biochemistry 5th edition, Lippincott Williams& Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business. 182.
• Heilmann-Clausen J., Verbeken, A., Vesterholt, J. (1998). Fungi of Northern Europe, Volume 2: The Genus Lactarius. Copenhagen, Denmark, 287.
• Hesler, L.R., Smith, A.H. (1979). North American Species of Lactarius. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 841.
• Işıloğlu, M. Yılmaz, F., Merdivan, M. (2001). Concentrations of Trace Elements in Wild Edible Mushrooms. Food Chemistry. 73: 169-175.
• Kalac, P. (2009). Chemical composition and nutritional value of European species of wild growing mushrooms: A review. Food Chemistry. 113, 9-16.
• Knudsen, H., Vesterholt, J. (2012). Fungi Nordica. Nordsvamp, Copenhagen, Denmark.
• Konuk, M., Afyon, A., Yağız, D. (2007). Minor Element and Heavy Metal Content of Wild Growing And Edible Mushrooms From Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 16, 11, 1359-1362.
• Kula, İ., Solak, M. H., Uğurlu, M., Işıloğlu, M., Arslan, Y. (2011). Determination of Mercury, Cadmium, Lead, Zinc, Selenium and Iron By Icp-Oes in Mushroom Samples From Around Thermal Power Plant in Mugla, Turkey. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 87, 276-281.
• Leonard, P. (2008). Lactarius Synoptic keys to British Species of Lactarius. BMS Keys.
• Manzi, P., Gambelli, L., Marconi, S., Vivanti, V., Pizzoferrato, L. (2001). Nutrients in edible mushrooms: an interspecies comparitive study. Food Chem., 65(4):477-482.
• Mendil, D., Uluözlü, Ö.D., Hasdemir E., Çağlar, A. (2004). Determination of trace elements on some wild edible mushroom Samples from Kastamonu Turkey. Food Chemistry. 88, 281-285.
• Methven, A.S. (1997). The Agaricales (Gilled fungi) of California, 10. Russulaceae II. Lactarius. Mad River Press, Inc., 141 Cater Lane Eureka, California, 82.
• Moser, M. (1983). Keys to Agarics and Boleti. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stutgart, 1- 535.
• Murray, R. K., Granner, D.K., Mayes P.A., Rodwell V.W. (2003). Harper’s Illustrasted Biochemistry, twentsix edition, McGraw-Hill Companies, 593.
• Nuytinck, J. (2005). Lactarius section Deliciosi (Russulales, Basidiomycota) and its ectomycorrhiza: a morphological and molecular approach, Promotor; Annemieke Verbeken, Dit onderzoek werd uitgevoerd in de Onderzoeksgroep Mycologie, Vakgroep Biologie, Faculteit Wetenschappen, Universiteit Gent, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, 267.
• Pekak, C., Kaşık, G., Demirel, G. (2011). Chemical composition ot two Lactarius Species of Wild Growing in Kestel (Kadınhanı- Konya) District, Mantar Dergisi, 2 (1-2): 57-61.
• Pekşen, A., Kibar, B., Yakupoğlu, G. (2007). Yenilebilir Bazı Lactarius Türlerinin Morfolojik Özelliklerinin Protein ve Mineral İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi. J. Of Fac. Agric. OMU, 22(3), 301-305.
• Phillips, R. (2006). Mushrooms. Pan Macmillan Ltd., London, 288.
• Sarikürkçü, C., Çopur, M., Yıldız, D., Akata, I. (2011). Metal Concentration of Wild Edible Mushrooms in Soğuksu National Park in Turkey. Food Chemistry. 128, 731-734.
• Sanmee, R., Dell, B., Lumyong, P., Izumori, K., Lumyong, S. (2003). Nutritive value of popular wild edible mushrooms from northern Thailand, Food Chemistry. 82, 527-532.
• Sesli E., Denchev C.M. (2014). Checlists of the myxomycetes, larger Ascomycetes, and larger Basidiomycetes in Turkey, 6th edn. Mycotaxon Checklists Online (http://www.mycotaxon.com/resources/checklists/sesli-v106-checklist.pdf), 136.
• Solak M.H, Işıloğlu, M., Kalmış E., Allı, H. (2015). Macrofungi of Turkey Checklist, Vol. II. Bornova-İzmir: Üniversiteliler Ofset.
• Somopoulos (2002). The importance of the ratio omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids. Biomedicine&Pharmacotherapy.
• Tüzen, M., Türkekul, İ., Hasdemir, E., Mendil, D., Sarı, H. (2003). Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination of Trace Metal Contents of Mushroom Samples From Tokat, Turkey. Analytical Letters. 36, 7, 1401-1410.
• Üstün, O. (2011). Makrofungusların Besin Değeri ve Biyolojik Etkileri, Turk hij. Den. Biyol. Derg., 68(4), 223-240.
• Yamaç, M., Yıldız, D., Sarıkürkçü, C., Çelikkollu, M., Solak, M. H. (2007). Heavy Metals in Some Edible Mushrooms From The Central Anatolia, Turkey. Food Chemistry. 103 263-267.
• Yıldız A., Karakaplan, M., Aydın, F. (1998). Studies on Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. Ex Fr.) Kum var. salignus (Pers. Ex Fr.) Konr. Et Matubl.: cultivation, proximate composition, organic and mineral composition of carpophores. Food Chem. 61:127-130.
• Yılmaz, F., Işıloğlu, M., Merdivan, M. (2003). Heavy metal levels in some macrofungi. Turkish Journal of Botany 27: 45-56.