Prunus laurocerasus yaprak ve tohum ekstraktlarının Halyomorpha halys nı̇flerı̇ ve erı̇şkı̇nlerı̇ üzerı̇ndekı̇ öldürücü etkı̇nlı̇ğı̇

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Karayemiş bitkisinin, Prunus laurocerasus L. (Rosaceae) yaprak ve tohum extraktlarının 10,15 ve 20 mL/L dozlarının, 24., 48., 72. ve 96. Saatlerinde Kahverengi Kokarca (Halyomorpha halys) ergin ve nimflerine karşı laboratuvar şartlarında toksisiteleri incelenmiştir. Tüm deneyler beş nimf dönemi ve erginler için ayrı ayrı yapılmış, her bir doz için 3’er kez tekrarlanmıştır. Uygulamanın 96. saatinde, P. laurocerasus yaprak extraktları %21.5 ile %100 arasında, tohum ekstraktarı %30.3 ile %100 arasında ölümlere sebep olmuştur. En yüksek ölüm oranı 20 mL/L dozunda N1 ve N2 nimf dönemlerinde (%100), en düşük ölüm oranı 10 mL/L dozunda ergin dönemde (%21.5) gerçekleşmiştir. Tohum ektraktlarının toksisite oranları yaprak ektraktlarınkinden daha fazla olmuştur. Tüm uygulamalarda mortalite oranları artan doz ve zamanla birlikte artış göstermiştir. P. laurocerasus yaprak ve tohum ektraktlarının beş nimf evresine ve H. halys'in yetişkinlerine karşı oldukça toksik bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. LD50 ve LD90 değerlerine göre, yaprak ektraktında en toksik LD50 değerleri N1 dönem nimf ve yetişkinler için 0.45 ve 3.64 mL/L olarak kaydedilirken, en düşük LD90 değerleri N5 dönem nimf ve yetişkinler için sırasıyla 4.54 ve 6.64 mL/L olarak belirlenmiştir. Tohum ektraktında ise bu değerler en toksik LD50 değerleri N1 dönem nimf ve yetişkinler için 0.29 ve 1.84 mL/L olarak kaydedilirken, en düşük LD90 değerleri N5 dönem nimf ve yetişkinler için sırasıyla 2.89 ve 3.15 mL/L olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, P. laurocerasus’un yaprak ve tohum ekstraktlarının H. halys kontrolünde kullanılmak için iyi bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kahverengi Kokarca
• Karayemiş
• Bitki ekstraktı
• Toksisite

Insecticidal effectiveness of Prunus laurocerasus leaf and seed extracts on Halyomorpha halys nymphs and adults

Öz

In this study, the toxicity of Cherry laurel, Prunus laurocerasus L. (Rosaceae) leaf and seed extracts at doses of 10, 15, and 20 mL/L against Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Halyomorpha halys) adults and nymphs at 24., 48., 72., and 96. hours were investigated under laboratory conditions. All experiments were performed separately for five nymphal stages and adults and repeated three times for each dose. At the 96 hours of treatment, P. laurocerasus leaf extracts caused mortality between 21.5% and 100%, while the seed extract caused mortality between 30.3% and 100%. The highest mortality rate occurred in the N1 and N2 instar nymphs (100%) at the 20 mL/L dose, and the lowest mortality rate occurred in the adult stage (21.5%) at the 10 mL/L dose. The productivity rates of seed extracts were higher than those of leaf extracts. In all treatments, mortality rates increased with increasing dose and time. The results showed that P. laurocerasus leaf and seed extracts had a highly toxic effect against five nymphal stages and adult H. halys. The most toxic LD50 values in leaf extract were kept as 0.45 and 3.64 mL/L for N1 stage nymphs and juveniles, while the lowest LD90 values were determined as 4.54 and 6.64 mL/L for N5 instar nymphs and adults, respectively. The seed extract yielded the lowest LD50 values of 0.29 and 1.84 mL/L for N1 instar nymphs and adults, and the lowest LD90 values of 2.89 and 3.15 mL/L for N5 instar nymphs and adults, respectively. The results indicate that leaf and seed extracts of P. laurocerasus have excellent potential for the control of H. halys.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Brown Marmorated Stink Bug
• Cherry laurel
• Plant extract
• Toxicity

Kaynakça

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