Prunus laurocerasus yaprak ve tohum ekstraktlarının Halyomorpha halys nı̇flerı̇ ve erı̇şkı̇nlerı̇ üzerı̇ndekı̇ öldürücü etkı̇nlı̇ğı̇

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 54 - 62, 31.12.2024

Temel Göktürk

https://doi.org/10.38059/biodiversity.1580667

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Karayemiş bitkisinin, Prunus laurocerasus L. (Rosaceae) yaprak ve tohum extraktlarının 10,15 ve 20 mL/L dozlarının, 24., 48., 72. ve 96. Saatlerinde Kahverengi Kokarca (Halyomorpha halys) ergin ve nimflerine karşı laboratuvar şartlarında toksisiteleri incelenmiştir. Tüm deneyler beş nimf dönemi ve erginler için ayrı ayrı yapılmış, her bir doz için 3’er kez tekrarlanmıştır. Uygulamanın 96. saatinde, P. laurocerasus yaprak extraktları %21.5 ile %100 arasında, tohum ekstraktarı %30.3 ile %100 arasında ölümlere sebep olmuştur. En yüksek ölüm oranı 20 mL/L dozunda N1 ve N2 nimf dönemlerinde (%100), en düşük ölüm oranı 10 mL/L dozunda ergin dönemde (%21.5) gerçekleşmiştir. Tohum ektraktlarının toksisite oranları yaprak ektraktlarınkinden daha fazla olmuştur. Tüm uygulamalarda mortalite oranları artan doz ve zamanla birlikte artış göstermiştir. P. laurocerasus yaprak ve tohum ektraktlarının beş nimf evresine ve H. halys'in yetişkinlerine karşı oldukça toksik bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. LD50 ve LD90 değerlerine göre, yaprak ektraktında en toksik LD50 değerleri N1 dönem nimf ve yetişkinler için 0.45 ve 3.64 mL/L olarak kaydedilirken, en düşük LD90 değerleri N5 dönem nimf ve yetişkinler için sırasıyla 4.54 ve 6.64 mL/L olarak belirlenmiştir. Tohum ektraktında ise bu değerler en toksik LD50 değerleri N1 dönem nimf ve yetişkinler için 0.29 ve 1.84 mL/L olarak kaydedilirken, en düşük LD90 değerleri N5 dönem nimf ve yetişkinler için sırasıyla 2.89 ve 3.15 mL/L olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, P. laurocerasus’un yaprak ve tohum ekstraktlarının H. halys kontrolünde kullanılmak için iyi bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kahverengi Kokarca , Karayemiş , Bitki ekstraktı , Toksisite

Insecticidal effectiveness of Prunus laurocerasus leaf and seed extracts on Halyomorpha halys nymphs and adults

Öz

In this study, the toxicity of Cherry laurel, Prunus laurocerasus L. (Rosaceae) leaf and seed extracts at doses of 10, 15, and 20 mL/L against Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Halyomorpha halys) adults and nymphs at 24., 48., 72., and 96. hours were investigated under laboratory conditions. All experiments were performed separately for five nymphal stages and adults and repeated three times for each dose. At the 96 hours of treatment, P. laurocerasus leaf extracts caused mortality between 21.5% and 100%, while the seed extract caused mortality between 30.3% and 100%. The highest mortality rate occurred in the N1 and N2 instar nymphs (100%) at the 20 mL/L dose, and the lowest mortality rate occurred in the adult stage (21.5%) at the 10 mL/L dose. The productivity rates of seed extracts were higher than those of leaf extracts. In all treatments, mortality rates increased with increasing dose and time. The results showed that P. laurocerasus leaf and seed extracts had a highly toxic effect against five nymphal stages and adult H. halys. The most toxic LD50 values in leaf extract were kept as 0.45 and 3.64 mL/L for N1 stage nymphs and juveniles, while the lowest LD90 values were determined as 4.54 and 6.64 mL/L for N5 instar nymphs and adults, respectively. The seed extract yielded the lowest LD50 values of 0.29 and 1.84 mL/L for N1 instar nymphs and adults, and the lowest LD90 values of 2.89 and 3.15 mL/L for N5 instar nymphs and adults, respectively. The results indicate that leaf and seed extracts of P. laurocerasus have excellent potential for the control of H. halys.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Brown Marmorated Stink Bug , Cherry laurel , Plant extract , Toxicity

Etik Beyan

Gerekli Değil

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Kaynakça

• Ak K, Uluca M, Aydin O, Gokturk T (2019). Important invasive species and its pest status in Turkey: Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 126: 401–8. DOI:10.1007/ s41348-019-00243-7.
• Akbulut M, Macit I, Ercisli S, Koc A (2007). Evaluation of 28 cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis) genotypes in the Black Sea region, Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 35: 463-465. DOI: 10.1080/01140670709510215.
• Akpulat HA, Akpulat S, Yıldırım ES, Enginoğlu HR (2019). Prunus laurocerasus (Rosaceae) plant extract with harmful herbs and agricultural frost. Turkish Journal of Biodiversity 2(1): 18-23. DOI: 10.38059/biodiversity.539621.
• Akyazı R, Soysal M, Hassan E (2015). Toxic and repellent effects of Prunus laurocerasus L. (Rosaceae) extracts against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Entomology 39(4): 367-380. DOI: 10.16970/ted.49593.
• Akyüz AP, Dernekbaşı S, Karayücel İ (2018). The effect of Cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis Roem.) leaf extract on the growth, survival and some antioxidant enzymes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) exposed to oxidative stress induced by high temperature. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 35(2): 131-139. DOI: 10.12714/egejfas.2018.35.2.05.
• Demir S, Turan I, Demir F, Ayazoğlu Demir E, Aliyazıcıoğlu Y (2017). Cytotoxic effect of Laurocerasus officinalis extract on human cancer cell lines. Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal 21(1): 121-126. DOI: 10.12991/marupj.259889.
• Dursun S (2010). Determination of Cynanogenic Compounds (Amiygdaline and Prunasin) in Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.). Ordu University, Master's Thesis, Ordu, 44 pp.
• Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R (2005). Cerattepe, Meydanlar, Demirci, Gavur Deresi ve yakın çevresinin florası. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi Series A, 55(2): 31-46.
• Eminağaoğlu Ö (2012). Artvin'de doğa mirası Camili'nin doğal bitkileri. İstanbul: Promat. 376p.
• Eminağaoğlu Ö (ed) (2015). Artvin'in doğal bitkileri. İstanbul: Promat. 456p.
• Eminağaoğlu Ö (ed) (2023). Artvin’in Tıbbi-Aromatik Bitkileri. Artvin: Zafer Medya. 380p.
• Erguney E, Gulsunoglu Z, Durmus EF, Akyilmaz MK (2017). Improvement of physical properties of cherry laurel powder. Academic Food 13 (2): 108-114.
• Ertürk Ö, Kara Ö, Sezer E, Şan G (2004). Toxicity effect of some plant extracts on development of larvae of Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera; Plutellidae). Ecology 13 (50): 18-22. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.116902.
• Finney DJ (1971). Probit Analysis, 3rd ed. London: Cambridge University Press.
• Gecer MK, Kan T, Gundogdu M, Ercisli S, Ilhan G, Sağbaş Hİ (2020). Physicochemical characteristics of wild and cultivated apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) from Aras valley in Turkey. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 67: 935-945. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-020-00893-9.
• Gokturk T (2021). Chemical composition of Satureja spicigera essential oil and its insecticidal effectiveness on Halyomorpha halys nymphs and adults. Z. Naturforsch, 76(11–12)c: 451–457. DOI: 10.1515/znc-2021-0041.
• Gokturk T, Chachkhiani Anasashvili N, Kordali S, Dumbadze G, Usanmaz Bozhuyuk A (2021). Insecticidal effects of some essential oils against box tree moth (Cydalima perspectalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)). International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 41: 313–322. DOI: 10.1007/s42690-020-00209-5.
• Göktürk T (2023). Halyamorpha halys in all details. Research and Evaluations in Agriculture, Forestry and Aquaculture. Gece Kitaplığı, Chaper 1, 1-26.
• Gokturk T, Chachkhiani Anasashvili N, Dumbadze G (2023). Chemical compositions and larvicidal effectiveness of Rhododendron ponticum essential oil on Neodiprion sertifer larvae. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 26: 102117. DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2023.102117.
• Göktürk T (2024). Current status of Halyomorpha halys in Turkey. International Scientific Conference, Study, protection, preservation, wise use of a separate component of biodiversity. Batumi 7-8 October, 2024, Georgia.
• Grygorieva O, Klymenko S, Kuklina A, Vinogradova Y, Vergun O, Sedlackova VH, Brinza J. (2021). Evaluation of Lonicera caerulea L. genotypes based on morphological characteristics of fruits germplasm collection. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 45: 850-860. DOI: 10.3906/tar-2002-14.
• Inkley DB (2012). Characteristics of home invasion by the brown marmorated stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of Entomological Science 47(2): 125-130. DOI: 10.18474/0749-8004-47.2.125.
• Islam A, Deligoz H (2012). Cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis L.) selection in Ordu province. Academic Journal of Agriculture 1(1): 37-44. DOI: 10.29278/azd.132750.
• Işık Ş, Eminağaoğlu Ö (2023). Flora of the northern slopes of Hopa and Kemalpaşa districts of Artvin province facing the Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Biodiversity 6 (1): 21-46. DOI: 10.38059/biodiversity.1288596.
• Kolayli S, Küçük M, Duran C, Candan F, Dinçer B (2003). Chemical and antioxidant properties of Laurocerasus officinalis Roem. (cherry laurel) fruit grown in the Black Sea Region. J Agric Food Chem, 51(25): 7489-94. DOI: 10.1021/jf0344486.
• Lee DH, Short BD, Joseph SV, Bergh JC, Leskey TC (2013). Review of the biology, ecology, and management of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. Environmental Entomology 42 (4): 627-641. DOI: 10.1603/EN13006.
• Leskey TC, Lee DH, Short BD, Wright SE (2012). Impact of insecticides on the invasive Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): analysis on the insecticide lethality. Journal of Eco¬nomic Entomology 105: 1726–35. DOI: 10.1603/EC12096.
• Leskey TC, Short BD, Lee DH (2014). Efficacy of insecticide residues on adult Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) mortality and injury in apple and peach orchards. Pest Management Science 70: 1097–104. DOI: 10.1002/ps.3653.
• Luque de Castro MD, García-Ayuso LE (1998). Soxhlet extraction of solid materials: an outdated technique with a promising innovative future. Analytica Chimica Acta 369, (1-2): 1-10. DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(98)00233-5.
• Maistrello L, Vaccari G, Caruso S, Costi E, Bortolini S, Macavei L, Casoli L (2017). Monitoring of the invasive Halyomorpha halys, a new key pest of fruit orchards in northern Italy. Journal of Pest Science 90(4): 1231-1312. DOI: 10.1007/s10340-017-0896-2.
• Morrison WR, Lee DH, Short BD, Khrimian A, Leskey TC (2016). Es¬tablishing the behavioral basis for an attract and kill strategy to manage the invasive Halyomorpha halys in apple orchards. J. Pest. Sci., 89(1): 81-96. DOI: 10.1007/s10340-015-0679-6.
• Nielsen AL, Hamilton GC (2009). Seasonal occurrence and impact of Haly¬omorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in tree fruit. Journal of Eco¬nomic Entomology 102: 1133-1140. DOI: 10.1603/029.102.0335.
• Pimentel DL, Lach R, Zuniga Morrison D (2000). Environmental and eco¬nomic costs of nonindigenous species in the United States. Bioscience 50(1): 53-65.
• Rice KB, Bergh CJ, Bergmann EJ, Biddinger DJ, Dieckhoff C, Dively G, Fraser H, Gariepy T, Hamilton G, Haye T (2014). Biology, ecolo¬gy, and management of brown marmoratedstink bug (Hemiptera: Pentato¬midae). Journal of Integrated Pest Management 5(3): A1–A13. DOI: 10.1603/IPM14002.
• Simberloff D, Martin JL, Genovesi P (2013). Impacts of biological invasions: what’s what and the way forward. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 28:58–66. DOI:10.1016/j.tree.2012.07.013.
• Tanyel E, Ramoğlu B (2022). Investigation of the usability of nettle and cherry laurel plants as natural insecticides against fake butterfly (Ricania simulans). Research Journal of Biology Sciences 15(2): 93-102.
• Thomas P (2004). “Three Defences, 417-421”. In: The overstory book, Cultivating connections with trees 2 nd edition (Eds: C.R. Elevitch). Permanent Agriculture Resources, Holualoa, Hawai, USA, 526 pp.
• Tomczyk A, Suszko M (2011). The role of phenols in the influence of herbal extracts from Salvia officinalis L. and Matricaria chamomilla L. on two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. Biological Letters 48(2): 193–205. DOI: 10.2478/v10120-011-0020-x.
• Yüksel E, Eminagaoglu O (2017). Flora of the Kamilet Valley (Arhavi, Artvin, Turkey). International Journal of Ecosystems & Ecology Sciences 7(4):905-914.
• Weber DC, Leskey TC, Walsh GC, Khrimian A (2014). Synergy of aggregation pheromone with methyl (E, E, Z)-2, 4, 6-decatrienoate in attraction of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 107: 1061–8. DOI: 10.1603/EC13502.
• Zhang QH, Schneidmiller RG, Hoover DR, Zhou G, Margaryan A, Bryant P (2014). Essential oils as spatial repellents for the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 138:490–9. DOI: 10.1111/jen.12101.