In vitro assessment of antimicrobial activity in various commercial essential oils

Öz

This study investigated the antimicrobial activities of four commercially available essential oils: common centaury (Centaurium erythraea), juniper (Juniperus communis), basil (Ocimum basilicum) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum). Each essential oil was tested against four different microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Candida albicans, using the agar disk diffusion method. Among the tested microorganisms, clove oil exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity. Clove oil demonstrated pronounced antimicrobial effects particularly against Candida albicans, while also showing significant inhibition against the bacterial strains. Basil oil showed strong antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans as well. In contrast, juniper oil displayed limited antibacterial activity, and common centaury oil was ineffective against the tested microorganisms. The findings highlight the potential of clove essential oil as a natural antimicrobial agent. Furthermore, the results emphasize the importance of quality control and standardization to ensure the consistency of biological activities in commercial essential oil products.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Essential oil
• Antimicrobial activity
• Agar disk diffusion
• Syzygium aromaticum
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Candida albicans

Etik Beyan

Ethical approval was not required for this study

Çeşitli ticari esansiyel yağların in vitro antimikrobiyal aktivite değerlendirmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, ticari olarak satılan dört farklı esansiyel yağın antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri araştırılmıştır: küçük kantaron (Centaurium erythraea), ardıç (Juniperus communis), fesleğen (Ocimum basilicum) ve karanfil (Syzygium aromaticum). Her bir esansiyel yağ, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis ve Candida albicans olmak üzere dört farklı mikroorganizma üzerinde agar disk difüzyon yöntemi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Test edilen mikroorganizmalar arasında en yüksek antimikrobiyal aktivite karanfil yağında gözlemlenmiştir. Özellikle Candida albicans üzerinde belirgin antimikrobiyal aktivite sergileyen karanfil yağı, diğer bakteriyel suşlarda da anlamlı inhibisyon oluşturmuştur. Fesleğen yağı da Candida albicans üzerinde güçlü antimikrobiyal etki göstermiştir. Buna karşın, ardıç yağı sınırlı antibakteriyel aktiviteye sahipken, küçük kantaron yağı test edilen mikroorganizmalara karşı etkisiz bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, karanfil esansiyel yağının doğal bir antimikrobiyal ajan olarak potansiyelini ortaya koymaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, ticari esansiyel yağların biyolojik etkinliklerinin tutarlılığını sağlamak için kalite kontrol ve standardizasyonun önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Esansiyel yağ
• antimikrobiyal aktivite
• agar disk difüzyon
• Syzygium aromaticum
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Candida albicans

Kaynakça

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