İki tarla bitkisinde Euphorbia hirta ve PEG 6000 ile oluşan engelleyici etkilerin karşılaştırması üzerine bir ön çalışma

Öz

Euphorbia hirta, diğer bitkiler üzerinde olumsuz etkiye sahip istilacı bir yabancı ot türü olarak dünyanın bütün tropikal bölgelerinde yaygın olarak bulunmaktadır. Yürütülen çalışmada, Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fasulye) ve Cicer arietinum L. (Nohut) çimlenme ve büyüme kriteri üzerine (i) E. hirta'nın kök salgılarının etkileri (0, 50, 75 ve %100 konsantrasyon), (ii) PEG 6000'nin (8, 16 ve 40 g/l konsantrasyon) “Polietilen glikol” etkisi olmak üzere iki önemli husus bulunmaktadır. Bu bakımdan bütün solüsyonların osmotik potansiyeli dengelenmiştir. Sütleğen bitkisinin kök salgılarının çimlenme oranını önemli ölçüde (p <0.05) etkilediği, PEG'in ise büyüme aktivitesi üzerinde olumlu veya olumsuz bir etkisinin olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. PEG solüsyonları ve sütleğen bitkisi her iki üründeki büyüme parametrelerini değiştirmiş, C. arietinum'un kök uzunluğunda PEG (11.97 cm)'in aksine en yüksek oranda inhibisyon kök salgıları uygulamasında (3.5 cm) kaydedilmiştir. Bu durum alelokimyasalların varlığından kaynaklanmış olabilir. En yüksek pH (7.9) nötr kontrol örneklerine göre daha güçlü bir bazik yapısı olan %100 sütleğen otu indüksiyonundan elde edilmiş, yapılan uygulamalar ayrıca pH değerlerini de yükseltmiştir. Çalışmadaki her iki test bitkisi karşılaştırıldığında C. arietinum'un P. vulgaris'ten daha fazla etkilendiği görülmüştür. İki yönlü varyans analizine göre (Two-way ANOVA) her iki uygulamanın test bitkilerinin çimlenme ve büyümesi üzerindeki etkileri grup içerisinde (her bir uygulama konsantrasyonları) az oranda önemli olmasına rağmen (p <0.1) her iki uygulama arasında önemli bir fark (p <0.05) oluşturmuştur. Bu inhibisyonun sütleğen bitkisinin (Euphorbia hirta) kök salgılarının Cicer arietinum ve Phaseolus vulgaris bitkileri üzerine alelopatik etkisine karşı güçlü bir yanıt olarak ortaya çıktığı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kök salgısı,
• alelopati,
• Cicer arietinum,
• Phaseolus vulgaris,
• PEG 6000,
• Euphorbia hirta

A preliminary study on the comparison of inhibitory effects induced by PEG 6000 and Euphorbia hirta in two crop plants

Öz

Euphorbia hirta is commonly found in all tropical regions of the world, as invasive weed with an adverse effect on other plants. The current study features two important aspects: (i), Effects of E. hirta roots exudates (0, 50, 75 and 100% concentrations) (ii), Influence of PEG 6000 “Polyethylene glycol” (8, 16 and 40 g/l concentrations) on germination and growth criterion of Cicer arietinum (Chick pea) and Phaseolus vulgaris (French bean). In this regard osmotic potential of all the solutions have been balanced. It is observed that the root leachates of spurge weed significantly (p < 0.05) affected the germination rate while PEG has no positive or negative effect on growth activity. The growth parameters in both crops have altered by spurge weed and PEG solutions while highest inhibition was recorded in root length root exudates (3.5 cm) of C. arietinum which is in contrast to PEG (11.97 cm), this might be due to the presence of allelochemicals. The prescribed treatments also raised their pH values, where highest pH (7.9) obtained from 100% spurge weed induction which is relatively a stronger basic nature rather than neutral control samples. Comparative studies of both test crops shows that C. arietinum has appeared to be more influential than P. vulgaris. Two-way ANOVA has produced a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the effects of both treatments on germination and growth of test crops while within group (concentrations of each treatment) are weakly significant (p < 0.1) to each other. This would rather intimates that the inhibition has strongly emerged as an allelopathic response on Cicer arietinum and Phaseolus vulgaris plants by the induction of spurge weed (Euphorbia hirta) root exudates.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• leachate
• allelopathy
• Cicer arietinum
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• PEG 6000
• Euphorbia hirta

Kaynakça

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