Psikolojizm Husserl deskriptif psikoloji antipsikolojizm saf mantık fenomenoloji ideal real
In this study, we investigate Husserl’s criticism of psychologism, which is claimed to be the basis of logic. At first, we consider the debates of psychology in the 19th century. We then ask why Brentano’s descriptive psychology did not satisfy Husserl. We argue that this dissatisfaction stems from a dispute over the status of immanent objects. We then, exhibit the arguments for and against psychologism with respect to the discussion of psychologism in general. We argue that Husserl started by taking into account the three main prejudices contained in these arguments and that he developed his critique of psychologism by accepting the ideal objects of pure logic. We show that one of the things that led Husserl to hold the idea of pure logic was his distinction between thinking processes and objects of thinking. By means of this distinction, he was able to avoid psychologistic prejudices. We try to show that the ideal objects of pure logic, which provides objective validity to formal logic and all sciences, cannot be known by the methods we approach to the real(ity). Husserl’s phenomenology project is closely related to the pure logic since it is a study for essences in order to know ideal objects. Husserl states that we can have conditional, a posteriori, contingent knowledge in the realm of the real. At the same time, for the possibility of objective knowledge have found in the realm of the ideal which is sphere of the unconditional, a priori and necessary knowledge. Therefore he thinks that psychology as an empirical science cannot be a basis for knowledge. We show that the realm of pure logic formed by the ideal objects (that we reach them with the phenomenological epoche) are the basis of objective knowledge. In conclusion, we acknowledge the power of Husserl’s criticism against the experimental and relative character of psychology. However we argue that other forms of psychology should not be neglected precisely because it opens the doors to the questions posed by the philosophy.
Psychologism Husserl descriptive psychology antipsychologism pure logic phenomenology ideal real
Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
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Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
Yazarlar | |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Haziran 2021 |
Gönderilme Tarihi | 1 Mayıs 2021 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1 |