Araştırma Makalesi
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Elite Culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers’ Perceptions

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 7, 31 - 42, 14.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.69787/bitigefd.1413754

Öz

Kırım Tatarlarının Kırım yerli halkının devleti dünya çapında çok az bilinmektedir. Kırım Hanlığı döneminde Kırım Tatarları, Avrupa gelenekleri ile İslami dini geleneklerin senteziyle karakterize edilen elit bir kültür geliştirdiler. "Elit kültür" terimi, özellikle yerleşik aristokrasinin, eğitimli üst sınıfın, siyasi etki sahibi kişilerin ve eğitim, sanat, edebiyat, mimarlık, felsefe ve askeriye gibi alanlarda aktif bireylerin oluşturduğu kültürel toplumu ifade eder. Kırım Hanlığı'ndaki seçkin kültür, sanatsal, entelektüel ve sosyal unsurların kendine özgü bir birleşimine yol açan çeşitli etkilerin birleşimi olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu çalışma elit kültürü, 16.-19. yüzyıllarda Kırım'ı ziyaret eden Fransa, Almanya, Polonya ve İngiltere'den Batılı gezginlerin, özellikle de Martin Bronowski, Baron de Tott, Claude-Charles de Peyssonnel ve diğerlerinin bakış açısından ele alıyor. Araştırma, seyahat günlüklerinin kültür ve siyasetin uyumlu bir karışımını yansıttığını ve aynı zamanda yetenekli yazar ve müzisyen olan bazı Kırım hanlarının bu vizyona nasıl katkıda bulunduğunu ortaya koyduğunu ileri sürüyor. Kırım Tatar Giray hanedanının liderleri, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ile derinden iç içe geçmiş, askeri ve gelişen bir entelektüel mirasla karakterize edilen ileri bir devlet kurmayı arzuluyorlardı.

Kaynakça

  • Abdulvaapov, Nariman (2021), “Kalgi Sultan’s Palace in Simferopol”, Issues of Crimean Tatar Philology, History and Culture, 12: 15-20.
  • Broniewski [Broniovius], Martin (1630), Martini Broniovii de Bezdzfedea, ad Tartarům legati, Tartaria. Russia, seu Moscovia, itemque Tartaria, Leiden: ex Officina Elzeviriana.
  • Czerwonnaja, Svitlana (2015), “Tatarzy Krymscy – naród czy mniejszość etniczna: w poszuiwaniu nowej drogi odrodzenia narodowego”, National affairs, (47).
  • Fisher, Alan (1978), The Crimean Tatars, Stanford: Hoover Institution Press.
  • Geray Han (2008), Rozovyi Kust Khanov, tr. by A. Ilmi and K. Useinov, Simferopol: Ayan, Stilos.
  • Gür, Suleyman (2022), Kırım Kitabı: Tarih, Ulema, Udeba, Şuara, Meşayih ve Müellifler, İstanbul: Büyüyen A.
  • Haxthausen, Freiherr (1973). Studien über die inneren Zustände, das Volksleben und insbesondere die ländlichen Einrichtungen Russlands. (Ethnographic sources. Reprints of European texts and studies, ed. Hermann Bausinger et al.) Hildesheim, New York: Olms.
  • Ivanics, Maria (2013), The Military Co-operation of The Crimean Khanate with the Ottoman Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth centuries” “Ottoman Empire its Heritage, Leiden-Boston: Brill.
  • Kançal -Ferrari, Nicole (2005), Kırımdan Kalan Miras Hansaray, Istanbul: Klasik.
  • Koehler, Peter. (1971), “Le khanat de Crimée en mai 1607 vu par un voyageur français”, Cahiers du Monde russe et soviétique, 12, No.3: 155-170.
  • O’Neill, Kelly (2017), Claiming Crimea: A History of Catherine the Great’s Southern Empire, Yale: Yale University Press.
  • de Peyssonnel, Charles (1787), Traité sur le commerce de la Mer Noire. T. I. Paris: Cuchet.
  • Sağlam, Ömer (2018), “The role of elites and education from the Ottomans to today”, Academic Bakış Dergisi, 66.
  • Salverda Tijo (2021), “Elite Culture”, The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology. Vienna: University of Vienna.
  • Scott, Charles. (1854), The Baltic the Black Sea and the Crimea, London: Richard Bentley.
  • Seidamet Djafer (1921), La Crimee Passe-Present Revendications des Tatars de Crimee: Lausanne, Imprimerie G. Vaney-Burnier.
  • Sheyhumerov, Amet, (2019), Armiya krymskogo hanstva: organizaciya i taktika (XV- XVIII vv.), Kazan’-Simferopol: Insittut Istorii im Sh. Marjani.
  • Toth, Ferenc (2016), ‘‘Le bifteck tartare en poudre. Méthodes de conservation alimentaire vues par les voyageurs français en Crimée à l’époque moderne”, Actes des congrès nationaux des sociétés historiques et scientifiques (138-8).
  • Tott, Baron de (1884), Memores du Baron de Tott sur les turcs et les Tartares, Amsterdam.
  • Yakubovych, Mykhaylo (2016), Fіlosofs’ka dumka Krims’kogo hanstva, Kyiv,: Komora.

Elite culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers' Perceptions

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 7, 31 - 42, 14.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.69787/bitigefd.1413754

Öz

The statehood of the Crimean Tatars indigenous people of Crimea is little known worldwide. In the era of the Crimean Khanate, the Crimean Tatars cultivated elite culture characterised by a synthesis of European customs and Islamic religious traditions. The term "elite culture" refers specifically to the cultural society of the established aristocracy, the educated upper class, political influencers, and individuals active in fields such as education, art, literature, architecture, philosophy and the military. Elite culture in the Crimean Khanate can be described as the confluence of various influences leading to a distinctive fusion of artistic, intellectual and social elements. This study looks at elite culture from the perspective of Western travellers from France, Germany, Poland and England visiting Crimea in 16th-19th centuries, in particular, Martin Bronowski, Baron de Tott, Claude-Charles de Peyssonnel and others. The research contends that the travelogues portrayed a harmonious blend of culture and politics, showcasing how certain Crimean khans, who were also skilled writers and musicians, contributed to this vision. The leaders of the Crimean Tatar Giray dynasty aspired to establish an advanced state, characterized by a military and a thriving intellectual heritage, deeply intertwined with the Ottoman Empire.

Kaynakça

  • Abdulvaapov, Nariman (2021), “Kalgi Sultan’s Palace in Simferopol”, Issues of Crimean Tatar Philology, History and Culture, 12: 15-20.
  • Broniewski [Broniovius], Martin (1630), Martini Broniovii de Bezdzfedea, ad Tartarům legati, Tartaria. Russia, seu Moscovia, itemque Tartaria, Leiden: ex Officina Elzeviriana.
  • Czerwonnaja, Svitlana (2015), “Tatarzy Krymscy – naród czy mniejszość etniczna: w poszuiwaniu nowej drogi odrodzenia narodowego”, National affairs, (47).
  • Fisher, Alan (1978), The Crimean Tatars, Stanford: Hoover Institution Press.
  • Geray Han (2008), Rozovyi Kust Khanov, tr. by A. Ilmi and K. Useinov, Simferopol: Ayan, Stilos.
  • Gür, Suleyman (2022), Kırım Kitabı: Tarih, Ulema, Udeba, Şuara, Meşayih ve Müellifler, İstanbul: Büyüyen A.
  • Haxthausen, Freiherr (1973). Studien über die inneren Zustände, das Volksleben und insbesondere die ländlichen Einrichtungen Russlands. (Ethnographic sources. Reprints of European texts and studies, ed. Hermann Bausinger et al.) Hildesheim, New York: Olms.
  • Ivanics, Maria (2013), The Military Co-operation of The Crimean Khanate with the Ottoman Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth centuries” “Ottoman Empire its Heritage, Leiden-Boston: Brill.
  • Kançal -Ferrari, Nicole (2005), Kırımdan Kalan Miras Hansaray, Istanbul: Klasik.
  • Koehler, Peter. (1971), “Le khanat de Crimée en mai 1607 vu par un voyageur français”, Cahiers du Monde russe et soviétique, 12, No.3: 155-170.
  • O’Neill, Kelly (2017), Claiming Crimea: A History of Catherine the Great’s Southern Empire, Yale: Yale University Press.
  • de Peyssonnel, Charles (1787), Traité sur le commerce de la Mer Noire. T. I. Paris: Cuchet.
  • Sağlam, Ömer (2018), “The role of elites and education from the Ottomans to today”, Academic Bakış Dergisi, 66.
  • Salverda Tijo (2021), “Elite Culture”, The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology. Vienna: University of Vienna.
  • Scott, Charles. (1854), The Baltic the Black Sea and the Crimea, London: Richard Bentley.
  • Seidamet Djafer (1921), La Crimee Passe-Present Revendications des Tatars de Crimee: Lausanne, Imprimerie G. Vaney-Burnier.
  • Sheyhumerov, Amet, (2019), Armiya krymskogo hanstva: organizaciya i taktika (XV- XVIII vv.), Kazan’-Simferopol: Insittut Istorii im Sh. Marjani.
  • Toth, Ferenc (2016), ‘‘Le bifteck tartare en poudre. Méthodes de conservation alimentaire vues par les voyageurs français en Crimée à l’époque moderne”, Actes des congrès nationaux des sociétés historiques et scientifiques (138-8).
  • Tott, Baron de (1884), Memores du Baron de Tott sur les turcs et les Tartares, Amsterdam.
  • Yakubovych, Mykhaylo (2016), Fіlosofs’ka dumka Krims’kogo hanstva, Kyiv,: Komora.
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Türk İslam Düşünce Tarihi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Elmaz Asan 0009-0008-9749-9093

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 12 Haziran 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 14 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Ocak 2024
Kabul Tarihi 29 Nisan 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 7

Kaynak Göster

APA Asan, E. (2024). Elite culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers’ Perceptions. Bitig Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(7), 31-42. https://doi.org/10.69787/bitigefd.1413754
AMA Asan E. Elite culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers’ Perceptions. bitig. Haziran 2024;4(7):31-42. doi:10.69787/bitigefd.1413754
Chicago Asan, Elmaz. “Elite Culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers’ Perceptions”. Bitig Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 4, sy. 7 (Haziran 2024): 31-42. https://doi.org/10.69787/bitigefd.1413754.
EndNote Asan E (01 Haziran 2024) Elite culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers’ Perceptions. Bitig Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 4 7 31–42.
IEEE E. Asan, “Elite culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers’ Perceptions”, bitig, c. 4, sy. 7, ss. 31–42, 2024, doi: 10.69787/bitigefd.1413754.
ISNAD Asan, Elmaz. “Elite Culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers’ Perceptions”. Bitig Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 4/7 (Haziran 2024), 31-42. https://doi.org/10.69787/bitigefd.1413754.
JAMA Asan E. Elite culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers’ Perceptions. bitig. 2024;4:31–42.
MLA Asan, Elmaz. “Elite Culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers’ Perceptions”. Bitig Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 4, sy. 7, 2024, ss. 31-42, doi:10.69787/bitigefd.1413754.
Vancouver Asan E. Elite culture of Early Modern Crimean Khanate: Western Travellers’ Perceptions. bitig. 2024;4(7):31-42.
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