It has been determined the efficiency of standard sprayer and air-assisted sprayer which are commonly used in orchard applications against main disease of apple orchards. With those models, the coverage produced in canopy was examined for certain conditions using of water-sensitive papers. For disease management applications with commercial pesticides against apple scab between April and June; the quality and efficiency of the applications were compared. Air-assisted orchard sprayer was more effective than standard sprayer for both years of biological trials (First year 4.72% and second year 5.32%). Even though the coverage results were close (the mean coverage achieved by air-assisted sprayer was 65.4% and standard sprayer was 63%), it has been seen that uniformity of coverage for air-assisted sprayer is better.
Anonim 1998. T.C. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü. Elma bahçelerinde entegre mücadele teknik talimatı.
Anonim 2008. Türkiye İstatistik Yıllığı. T.C. Başbakanlık DİE Matbaası, Yayın no:2690, 733 s. Ankara.
Aydar A., Sabahoğlu Y., Zeki C. ve İşçi M. 2010. Elma bahçelerinde elma içkurdu Cydia pomonella (L.) [Lepitoptera: Tortricidae] mücadelesinde yardımcı hava akımlı hidrolik bahçe pülverizatörünün biyolojik performansının belirlenmesi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 50 (2), 51-63.
Cross J.V. and Berrie A.M. 1995. Field evaluation of a tunnel sprayer and effects of spray volume at constant drop size on spray deposits and efficacy of disease control of apple. Annals of Applied Biology, vol.127, p:521-532.
Cross J.V., Walklate P.J., Murray R.A. and Richardson G.M. 2001. Spray deposits and loeses in different sized apple trees from an axial fan orchard sprayer:2. effects of spray quality. Crop Protection, 20:333-343.
Çilingir İ. ve Dursun E. 2002. Bitki Koruma Makinaları. A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları:1531, 248 s., Ankara.
Derksen R.C. and Gray R.L. 1995. Deposition and air speed patterns of air–carrier apple orchard sprayers. Transactions of The ASAE, vol. 38(1); p.5-11.
Fox R.D., Brazee R.D. Reichard D.L. and Hall F.R. 1990. Downwind residues from air spraying of a dwarf apple orchard. Transactions of The ASAE, vol.33(4); p.1104- 1108.
Fox R.D., Reichard D.L., Brazee R.D., Krause C.R. and Hall F.R. 1993. Downwind residues from spraying a semi-dwarf apple orchard. Transactions of The ASAE, vol. 36(2), p.333-340.
Hoffmann W.C. and Salyani M. 1996. Spray deposition on citrus canopies under different meteorological conditions. Transactions of the ASAE, 39(1): 17-22.
Holownicki R., Doruchowski G., Godyn A. and Swiechowski W. 2000. Effect of air Adjustment on spray losses in orchard. Aspects of Applied Biology 57, p.293-300, UK.
Pergher G. and Gubiani R. 1995. The effect of spray application rate and airflow rate on foliar deposition. J. Agric. Engng. Res. 61; p. 205-216.
Salyani M. 2000. Optimization of deposition efficiency for airblast sprayers. Transactions of The ASAE, Vol. 43(2), p.247-253.
Walklate P.J. Richardson, G.M., Cross, J.V. and Murray, R.A. 2000. Relationship between orchard tree crop structure and performance characteristics of an axial fan sprayer. Aspects of Applied Biology 57, p.285-292, UK.
Elma bahçelerinde Elma karalekesi Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint. hastalığının mücadelesinde yardımcı hava akımlı hidrolik bahçe pülverizatörünün biyolojik performansının belirlenmesi
Bahçe ilaçlamalarında yaygın olarak kullanılan standart ve yardımcı hava akımlı pülverizatörlerin elma bahçelerinde ana hastalığa karşı etkinlikleri belirlenmiştir. Bu makineler ile kanopide sağlanan kaplanma belirlenen çalışma koşulları için suya duyarlı kağıtlar kullanılarak saptanmıştır. Nisan-Haziran ayları arasında Elma karalekesi hastalığına karşı ruhsatlı ilaçlarla yürütülen mücadelede; her iki makine için ilaçlamaların kalitesi ve etkinliği karşılaştırılmıştır. I. yıl biyolojik etki denemelerinde yardımcı hava akımlı bahçe pülverizatörü standart pülverizatöre göre %4.72; II. yıl ise %5.32 etkinliği artırmıştır. Ortalama kaplama değerleri de birbirine yakın olmakla birlikte (yardımcı hava akımlı pülverizatör için %65.4 ve standart pülverizatör için %63) dağılım tekdüzeliğinin yardımcı hava akımlı pülverizatörde daha iyi olduğu görülmektedir.
Anonim 1998. T.C. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü. Elma bahçelerinde entegre mücadele teknik talimatı.
Anonim 2008. Türkiye İstatistik Yıllığı. T.C. Başbakanlık DİE Matbaası, Yayın no:2690, 733 s. Ankara.
Aydar A., Sabahoğlu Y., Zeki C. ve İşçi M. 2010. Elma bahçelerinde elma içkurdu Cydia pomonella (L.) [Lepitoptera: Tortricidae] mücadelesinde yardımcı hava akımlı hidrolik bahçe pülverizatörünün biyolojik performansının belirlenmesi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 50 (2), 51-63.
Cross J.V. and Berrie A.M. 1995. Field evaluation of a tunnel sprayer and effects of spray volume at constant drop size on spray deposits and efficacy of disease control of apple. Annals of Applied Biology, vol.127, p:521-532.
Cross J.V., Walklate P.J., Murray R.A. and Richardson G.M. 2001. Spray deposits and loeses in different sized apple trees from an axial fan orchard sprayer:2. effects of spray quality. Crop Protection, 20:333-343.
Çilingir İ. ve Dursun E. 2002. Bitki Koruma Makinaları. A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları:1531, 248 s., Ankara.
Derksen R.C. and Gray R.L. 1995. Deposition and air speed patterns of air–carrier apple orchard sprayers. Transactions of The ASAE, vol. 38(1); p.5-11.
Fox R.D., Brazee R.D. Reichard D.L. and Hall F.R. 1990. Downwind residues from air spraying of a dwarf apple orchard. Transactions of The ASAE, vol.33(4); p.1104- 1108.
Fox R.D., Reichard D.L., Brazee R.D., Krause C.R. and Hall F.R. 1993. Downwind residues from spraying a semi-dwarf apple orchard. Transactions of The ASAE, vol. 36(2), p.333-340.
Hoffmann W.C. and Salyani M. 1996. Spray deposition on citrus canopies under different meteorological conditions. Transactions of the ASAE, 39(1): 17-22.
Holownicki R., Doruchowski G., Godyn A. and Swiechowski W. 2000. Effect of air Adjustment on spray losses in orchard. Aspects of Applied Biology 57, p.293-300, UK.
Pergher G. and Gubiani R. 1995. The effect of spray application rate and airflow rate on foliar deposition. J. Agric. Engng. Res. 61; p. 205-216.
Salyani M. 2000. Optimization of deposition efficiency for airblast sprayers. Transactions of The ASAE, Vol. 43(2), p.247-253.
Walklate P.J. Richardson, G.M., Cross, J.V. and Murray, R.A. 2000. Relationship between orchard tree crop structure and performance characteristics of an axial fan sprayer. Aspects of Applied Biology 57, p.285-292, UK.
Sabahoğlu, Y., Aydar, A., Uzunok, S., Atlamaz, A. (2010). Determining the biological performance of air-assisted orchard sprayer against apple scab in apple orchards. Plant Protection Bulletin, 50(4), 183-191.
AMA
Sabahoğlu Y, Aydar A, Uzunok S, Atlamaz A. Determining the biological performance of air-assisted orchard sprayer against apple scab in apple orchards. Plant Protection Bulletin. Aralık 2010;50(4):183-191.
Chicago
Sabahoğlu, Yasemin, Arzu Aydar, Servet Uzunok, ve Apdullah Atlamaz. “Determining the Biological Performance of Air-Assisted Orchard Sprayer Against Apple Scab in Apple Orchards”. Plant Protection Bulletin 50, sy. 4 (Aralık 2010): 183-91.
EndNote
Sabahoğlu Y, Aydar A, Uzunok S, Atlamaz A (01 Aralık 2010) Determining the biological performance of air-assisted orchard sprayer against apple scab in apple orchards. Plant Protection Bulletin 50 4 183–191.
IEEE
Y. Sabahoğlu, A. Aydar, S. Uzunok, ve A. Atlamaz, “Determining the biological performance of air-assisted orchard sprayer against apple scab in apple orchards”, Plant Protection Bulletin, c. 50, sy. 4, ss. 183–191, 2010.
ISNAD
Sabahoğlu, Yasemin vd. “Determining the Biological Performance of Air-Assisted Orchard Sprayer Against Apple Scab in Apple Orchards”. Plant Protection Bulletin 50/4 (Aralık 2010), 183-191.
JAMA
Sabahoğlu Y, Aydar A, Uzunok S, Atlamaz A. Determining the biological performance of air-assisted orchard sprayer against apple scab in apple orchards. Plant Protection Bulletin. 2010;50:183–191.
MLA
Sabahoğlu, Yasemin vd. “Determining the Biological Performance of Air-Assisted Orchard Sprayer Against Apple Scab in Apple Orchards”. Plant Protection Bulletin, c. 50, sy. 4, 2010, ss. 183-91.
Vancouver
Sabahoğlu Y, Aydar A, Uzunok S, Atlamaz A. Determining the biological performance of air-assisted orchard sprayer against apple scab in apple orchards. Plant Protection Bulletin. 2010;50(4):183-91.