In vitro sensitivity of anthracnose disease agent, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc., to some fungicides on lemon

Abstract

Anthracnose is one of the diseases that seriously threaten citrus production, especially lemons in the world and in our country. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of an anthracnose disease agent, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, on lemon, to some fungicides with different mechanisms of action from different chemical groups such as DMI, SDHI, QoI, amides, anilines and dithiocarbamates. For this purpose, tissue pieces of diseased plants collected from lemon orchards were incubated in PDA medium at 25 °C for 5 days. All isolates were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides as a result of morphological and molecular diagnoses of fungal cultures. The virulence levels of all isolates were determined in pathogenicity tests and the highest virulence was found to have LC5 isolate. The susceptibility of C. gloeosporioides LC5 isolate to 10 different fungicides was demonstrated by in vitro mycelial growth and conidial germination trials. As a result, it was determined that fungicides fluopyram+tebuconazole, fluazinam, fluxapyroxad+ difenoconazole and dithianon+phosphorous acid showed the highest effect.

Keywords

• Lemon
• Anthracnose
• Colletotrichum
• Fungicides
• Sensitivity

Limonda Antraknoz hastalığı etmeni Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc.’in bazı fungisitlere karşı in vitro duyarlılığı

Öz

Antraknoz, dünyada ve ülkemizde limon başta olmak üzere turunçgil üretimini ciddi düzeyde tehdit eden hastalıklardan birisidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, limonda Antraknoz hastalığı etmeni Colletotrichum gloeosporioides’in DMI, SDHI, QoIs, amid, aniline ve dithiocarbamate gibi farklı kimyasal gruplardan farklı etki mekanizmalarına sahip bazı fungisitlere karşı duyarlılığını belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, limon bahçelerinden toplanan hastalıklı bitkilerin doku parçaları, PDA besi yerinde 25 °C’de 5 gün inkübe edilmiştir. Fungal kültürlerin morfolojik ve moleküler teşhisleri sonucunda tüm izolatların, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides olduğu belirlenmiştir. Patojenisite denemelerinde tüm izolatların virülenslik düzeyleri belirlenmiş ve en yüksek virülensliğe LC5 izolatının sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. C. gloeosporioides LC5 izolatının 10 farklı fungisite karşı duyarlılıkları, in vitro’da miselyal gelişim ve konidiyal çimlenme denemeleri ile ortaya konmuştur. Sonuç olarak en yüksek etkiyi, fluopyram+tebuconazole, fluazinam, fluxapyroxad+difenoconazole ve dithianon+fosforoz asit fungisitlerinin gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Limon
• Antraknoz
• Colletotrichum
• Fungisit
• Duyarlılık

Kaynakça

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