Dört farklı uçucu yağın düşük sıcaklıkta Değirmen güvesi Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)’nın farklı dönemlerine karşı fümigant toksisitesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 60 Sayı: 2, 3 - 13, 30.06.2020

Yasin Nazım Alpkent , Özdemir Alaoğlu , Hüseyin Çetin

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.603225

Öz

Biyopreparatlar, bitkisel bileşikler ve fungus, bakteri, nematod vb. canlı organizmalardan elde edilen ve biyolojik madde şekline getirilerek tarımda zararlılara ve hastalıklara karşı kullanılan preparatlardır. Elde edilmesi kolay ve çevrede kalıntı bırakmayarak buhar özelliğine sahip hızlı bir şekilde parçalanabilen uçucu yağlar, kimyasal sentetiklere alternatifler olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada seçilen dört farklı bitkinin [kişniş (Coriandrum sativum L.), adaçayı (Salvia officinalis L.), lavanta (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) ve nane (Mentha spicata L.)] uçucu yağlarının, Değirmen güvesi Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)‘nın iki farklı gelişme dönemine karşı fümigant toksisitesine bakılmıştır. E. kuehniella‘nın larva döneminde üç günlük deneme süresinde adaçayı ve kişniş uçucu yağlarının en yüksek fümigant etkiyi (sırasıyla %96 ve %98) gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Zararlının yumurta döneminde ise lavanta ve kişniş uçucu yağlarında %98 oranında bir fümigant etki görülmüştür. Dahası bu bitkilerin en az dozlarının bile yumurta açılımını en yüksek düzeyde engellediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre çevre dostu uçucu yağların zararlının mücadelesinde umut verici olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

biyopestisit, adaçayı, fümigant toksisite, kişniş, biyoaktivite, bitkisel

Fumigant toxicity at low temperature of four different essential oils against different stages of Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Öz

Bioproducts are defined as the derivatives obtained from plant components, living organisms such as fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and used as biological substances against agricultural pests and diseases. Essential oils, which are easy to obtain and can be decomposed rapidly because of their volatile property without leaving residues in the environment, are considered as alternatives to synthetic chemicals. In this study, fumigant toxicity of essential oils of four different plants [coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), and mint (Mentha spicata L.)] were tested against two different developmental stages of Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Sage and coriander essential oils were found as the most effective oils to the larval stage of E. kuehniella during 3 experimental day, respectively 96% and 98%. In egg bioassays, lavender and coriander essential oils showed 98% fumigant efficacy. In addition, even the lowest doses of those two oils were able to prevent hatching of eggs. The study results suggested that environmentally friendly essential oils were promising substances in the control of the pest as well.

Anahtar Kelimeler

biopesticide, sage, fumigant toxicity, coriander, bioactivity, botanicals

Kaynakça

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Fumigant activity of six monoterpenoids from aromatic plants in Turkey against the two stored-product pests confused flour betle, Tribolium confusum and Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 112 (6), 602-611Referans10Francikowski J., Baran B., Cup M., Janiec J., Krzyżowski M., 2019. Commercially available essential oil formulas as repellents against the stored-product pest alphitobius diaperinus. Insects, 10 (4), 96.Referans11Guenther E., 1955. The essential oils. Vol. 1. history origin plants production, Analysis, 3rd print. Jepsonr press. New York 427 p.Referans12Hill D. S., 1987. Agricultural insect pests of tropics and their control. 3 rd. Edition. Cambridge University press, London 749 p.Referans13Isman M. B. 2006. Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annual Review of Entomology 51 (1), 45-66.Referans14Karcı A., 2006. 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Journal of Asia – Pacific Entomology. 11 (4), 175 – 179. Referans24Sarac A., Tunc I., 1995. Toxicity of essential oil vapors to stored product insects. Zeitschrift für pflanzenkrankheiten und pflanzenschuts-Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. 102 (1), 69 – 74Referans25Tunç I., Berger B.M., Erler F., Dağlı F. 2000. Ovicidal activity of essential oils from five plants against two stored product insects. Journal of Stored Products Research 36 (2), 161–168.Referans26Younis – AL, F., Naser – Al, Z., Hakim – AL, W., 2015. Chemical composition of Lavandula angustifolia Miller and Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oils and fumigant toxicity against larvae of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. International Journal of ChemTech Research. 8 (3), 1382 – 1390
• Referans2Bachrouch O., Mediouni J., Wissem W. A., Talou T., Marzouk B., Abderraba M., 2010. Composition and insecticidal activity of essential oil from Pistacia lentiscus L. against Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Stored Products Research. 46 (4), 242 – 247
• Bozhüyük U.A., Kordalı Ş., Kesdek M., 2018. Altı farklı bitkiden elde edilen uçucu yağların patates böceği (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, 1824 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)) Erginlerine Karşı İnsektisidal Etkileri. Tralleis Elektronik Dergisi, 3 (2), 180-196.
• Caglar O., Calmasur O., Aslan I., Kaya O., 2007. Insecticidal effect of essential oil of Origanum acutidens against several stored product pests. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin.16 (11): 1395-1400
• Campolo O., Giunti G., Russo A., Palmeri V., Zappalà L., 2018. Essential oils in stored product insect pest control. Journal of Food Quality, Article ID 6906105
• Ebadollahi A., 2011. Antifeedant activity of essential oils from Eucalyptus globulus Labill and Lavandula stoechas L. on Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Biharean Biologist, 5 (1), 8-10.
• Ercan F.S., Baş H., Koç M., Pandır D., Öztemiz S., 2013. Insecticidal activity of essential oil of Prangos ferulacea (Umbelliferae) against Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Trichogramma embryophagum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 37 (6): 719 – 725.
• Erler F., 2000. Bitki kökenli bileşiklerin böcek ve akarlarla mücadelede kullanılma potansiyeli üzerinde araştırmalar. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi. 120 s. Antalya
• Francikowski J., Baran B., Cup M., Janiec J., Krzyżowski M., 2019. Commercially available essential oil formulas as repellents against the stored-product pest alphitobius diaperinus. Insects, 10 (4), 96.
• Guenther E., 1955. The essential oils. Vol. 1. history origin plants production, Analysis, 3rd print. Jepsonr press. New York 427 p.
• Hill D. S., 1987. Agricultural insect pests of tropics and their control. 3 rd. Edition. Cambridge University press, London 749 p.
• Isman M. B. 2006. Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annual Review of Entomology 51 (1), 45-66.
• Karcı A., 2006. Bitkisel kökenli bazı uçucu yağların Kırma biti, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) ‘un tüm gelişme dönemlerine karşı fümigant etkisi. Kaharamanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 45 s. Kahramanmaraş.
• Karim S., Hossein P., 2018. Insecticidal activity of four plant essential oils against two stored product beetles. Entomology Ornithology Herpetology, 7 (3),1-5
• Koul O., Walia S., Dhaliwal G. S., 2008. Essential oils as green pesticides: potential and constraints. Biopesticides International, 4 (1), 63-84.
• LeOra Software 1994. Polo-PC a user’s guide to Probit or Logit analysis, 1119 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley, CA, 94707.
• Maedeh M., Hamzeh I., Hossein D., Majid A. Reza, R.K., 2011. Bioactivity of essential oil from Satureja hortensis (Laminaceae) against three stored-product insect species. African Journal of Biotechnology. 10 (34): 6620 – 6627.
• Mahmoudvand M., Abbasipour H., Rastegar F., Hosseinpour H. M. Basij M., 2012. Efficacy of some plants as a post-harvest protectant against some major stored pests. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection. 45 (7), 806 – 811
• Mossa A. T. H., 2016. Green pesticides: Essential oils as biopesticides in insect-pest management. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 9 (5), 354-378.
• Rajendran S., 2002. Postharvest pest losses. In: Pimentel, D. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Pest Management. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York,. 654–656 p
• Rajendran S., Sriranjini V., 2008. Plant products as fumigants for stored-product insect control. Journal of stored products Research 44 (2), 126-135.
• Sahaf B. Z., Moharramipour S., Meshkatalsadat M. H., 2008. Fumigant toxicity of essential oil from Vitex pseudo – negundo against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.). Journal of Asia – Pacific Entomology. 11 (4), 175 – 179.
• Sarac A., Tunc I., 1995. Toxicity of essential oil vapors to stored product insects. Zeitschrift für pflanzenkrankheiten und pflanzenschuts-Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. 102 (1), 69 – 74
• Tunç I., Berger B.M., Erler F., Dağlı F. 2000. Ovicidal activity of essential oils from five plants against two stored product insects. Journal of Stored Products Research 36 (2), 161–168.
• Younis – AL, F., Naser – Al, Z., Hakim – AL, W., 2015. Chemical composition of Lavandula angustifolia Miller and Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oils and fumigant toxicity against larvae of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. International Journal of ChemTech Research. 8 (3), 1382 – 1390