Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone

Hasan Yakan; Semiha Yenigün; Halit Muğlu; Tevfik Ozen

doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1782134

Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone

Abstract

A series of new isatin derivatives bearing thiosemicarbazone (1–8) were obtained using various isatins and N-(2-isopropylphenyl)hydrazinecarbothioamide. The intermediated thiosemicarbazide was obtained by the reaction of 1-isopropyl-2-isothiocyanatobenzene with hydrazine monohydrate. The structure and purity of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed through standard analytical techniques, including 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. In this study, novel isatin-thiosemicarbazone derivatives were synthesized and structurally characterized using spectroscopic methods. Their antioxidant activities were evaluated by the DPPH˙ scavenging assay. Furthermore, the interactions of the compounds with urease enzyme were investigated through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The findings indicate that certain compounds exhibit promising biological activity in terms of both antioxidant potential and urease inhibition. The compounds 5 and 3 can be used as inhibitors in the treatment of urease-induced gastric disorders. These results provide valuable insights into the biological relevance of the synthesized molecules.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest of a financial or personal nature.

Project Number

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Ethical Statement

The study is complied with research and publication ethics.

Thanks

We would like to thank the Scientific and Technological Research Applications and Center (Gübitam) and Dr. Ömer Faruk Ensari for taking the NMR spectra. IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectra of the compounds are given in the supporting information.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Biomolecular Modelling and Design

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Hasan Yakan ^*
0000-0002-4428-4696
Türkiye

Semiha Yenigün
0000-0002-1979-5427
Türkiye

Halit Muğlu
0000-0001-8306-2378
Türkiye

Tevfik Ozen
0000-0003-0133-5630
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 24, 2026

Submission Date

September 11, 2025

Acceptance Date

February 22, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 15 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1782134

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA77XA84RD

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Yakan, H., Yenigün, S., Muğlu, H., & Ozen, T. (2026). Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(1), 137-158. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1782134

AMA

1.Yakan H, Yenigün S, Muğlu H, Ozen T. Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;15(1):137-158. doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1782134

Chicago

Yakan, Hasan, Semiha Yenigün, Halit Muğlu, and Tevfik Ozen. 2026. “Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone”. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 15 (1): 137-58. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1782134.

EndNote

Yakan H, Yenigün S, Muğlu H, Ozen T (March 1, 2026) Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 15 1 137–158.

IEEE

[1]H. Yakan, S. Yenigün, H. Muğlu, and T. Ozen, “Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone”, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 137–158, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.17798/bitlisfen.1782134.

ISNAD

Yakan, Hasan - Yenigün, Semiha - Muğlu, Halit - Ozen, Tevfik. “Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone”. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 15/1 (March 1, 2026): 137-158. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1782134.

JAMA

1.Yakan H, Yenigün S, Muğlu H, Ozen T. Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;15:137–158.

MLA

Yakan, Hasan, et al. “Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone”. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 1, Mar. 2026, pp. 137-58, doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1782134.

Vancouver

1.Hasan Yakan, Semiha Yenigün, Halit Muğlu, Tevfik Ozen. Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and MM-PBSA Analysis of Isatin Derivatives Bearing Thiosemicarbazone. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026 Mar. 1;15(1):137-58. doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1782134