İki Endemik Symphytum Taksonunun Anatomik, Ekolojik ve Tüy Morfolojik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Symphytum bornmuelleri ve Symphytum aintabicum’un anatomik, ekolojik ve tüy morfolojik özellikleri karşılaştırıldı ve onların taksonomik olarak değerli olan özellikleri tespit edildi. Bu türler Türkiye’nin endemik Öksin ve Doğu Akdeniz elementidir ve limitli yayılışa sahiptirler. Taksonların anatomik incelemeleri ışık ve stero mikroskoplar kullanılarak yapıldı. Anatomik incelemelerde, türlerin kök, gövde ve yaprağından enine kesitler alındı ve yaprakların alt ve üst yüzeylerinden yüzelsel kesitler alındı. S. bornmuelleri ve S. aintabicum mezofil yapı bakımından bifasiyel yapraklara sahiptir. Stomalar yaprakların hem alt hemde üst yüzeylerinde gözlendi. S. aintabicum da stomalar anomositik ve anisositik tipte iken, S. bornmuelleri de stomalar anomositik tiptedir. Vejetatif ve generatif organlar üzerinde farklı büyüklükte düz ve çengelli örtü tüyleri ve sap hücre sayıları ve baş kısımları farklı kapitat salgı tüyleri görüldü. Gövde korteksindeki kollenkima ve parankimanın tabaka sayısı, iletim demetleri arasındaki sklerenkimanın tabaka sayısı, iletim demetlerinin durumu, gövde korteksindeki kollenkima ve parankima tabakalarının düzeni, kutikula ve epidermadaki mikropapilla ve papillaların yoğunluğu, stoma indeksi, stoma tipleri, epiderma hücrelerinin kenar yapısı ve kapitat salgı tüylerinin sap hücre sayısı ve baş yapısı çok değerli ayırtedici anatomik karakterler olarak belirlendi. Toprak örnekleri bu türlerin çiçeklenme peryotlarında alındı ve toprak örneklerinin fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri tespit edildi. Türler ikilli-tınlı ve tınlı, tuzsuz, hafif alkali, orta derecede kireçli, zengin organik madde, azot, fosfor ve potasyum içeren topraklarda yayılış göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Symphytum Taksonları,Endemik,Anatomi,Ekoloji

Investigation of Anatomical, Ecological and Trichome Morphological Features of Two Endemic Symphytum Taxa (Boraginaceae)

Abstract

In this study, anatomical, ecological and trichome morphology features of Symphytum bornmuelleri and Symphytum aintabicum were compared and identified their valuable features taxonomically. These species are endemic Euxine and East Mediterranean element of Turkey and have limited distribution. Anatomical investigations of taxa were made using light and stereo-microscopes. In anatomical investigaions, the cross-sections were taken from root, stem and leaves of species, and the surface-sections were taken from upper and lower surfaces of leaves. S. bornmuelleri and S. aintabicum have bifacial leaves in terms of mesophyll structure. Stomata were observed on both upper and lower surfaces of the leaves. Stomata are anomocytic type in S. bornmuelleri, while stomata were anomocytic and anisocytic types in S. aintabicum. Straight and hooked eglandular trichomes in different sizes and capitate glandular trichomes with different number of stalk cells and head part, were seen on vegetative and generative organs. The number of layers of collenchyma and parenchyma in the stem cortex, the number of layer of sclerenchyma between the vascular bundles, the status of the vascular bundles, the arrangement of collenchyma and paranchyma layers in stem cortex, the density of micropapilla and papillae in the cuticle and epiderma, stoma index, stoma types, the margin structure of epiderma cells and number of stalk cell and head structure of capitate trichomes were detected very valuable as distinguishing anatomical characters. Soil samples were taken during flowering periods of these species and the physical and chemical properties of soil samples were determined. The species depict a distribution on the soil containing clayey-loamy, loamy, saltless, slightly alkaline, medium degree calcareous, rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.  

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