Detection of Human Bocavirus DNA by Multiplex PCR Analysis: Postmortem Case Report

Abstract

Background: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a virus belonging to the Parvoviridae family, which has been newly discovered to be associated with respiratory tract infections in children. There are many reports worldwide on the endemicity of this virus. Since it is relatively new, it is not routinely detected in clinical laboratory investigations. Case Report: We demonstrated that HBoV infection caused the death of a 5-month-old girl with a history of high fever and wheezing. Human bocavirus (HBoV 1/2/3/4) was found in a nasopharyngeal swab, paraffin-embedded lung tissue and stool samples by multiplex PCR methods using postmortem microbiological analysis. Conclusion: This case suggests that lower respiratory tract infections due to HBoV may cause severe and life-threatening diseases. Postmortem microbiology is useful in both clinical and forensic autopsies, and allows a suspected infection to be confirmed. To our knowledge, this report is the first document of a HBoV postmortem case in Turkey

Keywords

• Autopsy, forensic science, human bocavirus, multiplex PCR, postmortem microbiology, respiratory tract infection

Kaynakça

1. 1. World Health Organization: The World Health Report 2000-Health Systems: Improving Performance, World Health Organization, Geneva. 2000.
2. 2. Allander T, Tammi MT, Eriksson M, Bjerkner A, TiveljungLindell A, et al: Cloning of a human parvovirus by molecular screening of respiratory tract samples. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005;102:12891-6. [CrossRef]
3. 3. Maggi F, Andreoli E, Pifferi M, Meschi S, Rocchi J, Bendinelli M, et al: Human Bocavirus in İtalian patients with respiratory diseases. J Clin Virol 2007;38:321-5. [CrossRef]
4. 4. Bastien N, Brandt K, Dust K, Ward D, Li Y. Human Bocavirus infection, Canada. Emerg Infect Dis 2006;12:848-50. [CrossRef]
5. 5. Midilli K, Yılmaz G, Türkoğlu S, Iskanova B, Ergin S, Yarımcam F, et al. Detection of human bocavirus DNA by polymerase chain reaction in children and adults with acute respiratory tract infections. Mikrobiyol Bul 2010;44:405-13.
6. 6. Vicente D, Cilla G, Montes M, Pérez-Yarza EG, Pérez-Trallero E. Human bocavirus, a respiratory and enteric virus. Emerg Infect Dis 2007;13:636-7. [CrossRef]
7. 7. Coiras MT, Aguilar JC, Garcia ML, Casas I, Perez-Brena P. Simultaneous Detection of Fourteen Respiratory Viruses in Clinical Specimens by Two Multiplex Reverse transcription NestedPCR Assays. J Med Virol 2004;72:484-95. [CrossRef]
8. 8. Christensen, A, Nordbo SA, Krokstad S, Rognlien AG, Dollner H. Human bocavirus in children: mono-detection, high viral load and viraemia are associated with respiratory tract infection. J Clin Virol 2010;49:158-62. [CrossRef]

9. 9. Ursic T, Steyer A, Kopriva S, Kalan G, Krivec U, Petrovec M. Human bocavirus as the cause of a life-threatening infection. J Clin Microbiol 2011;49:1179-81. Epub 2011 Jan 12. [CrossRef]
10. 10. Edner N, Castillo-Rodas P, Falk L, Hedman K, Söderlund-Venermo M, Allander T. Life-threatening respiratory tract disease with human bocavirus-1 infection in a 4-year-old child. J Clin Microbiol 2012;50:531-2. Epub 2011 Nov 30. [CrossRef]
11. 11. Turner GD, Bunthi C, Wonodi CB, Morpeth SC, Molyneux CS, Zaki SR, Levine OS, Murdoch DR, Scott JA. The role of postmortem studies in pneumonia etiology research. Clin Infect Dis 2012;54:(Suppl 2):S165-71. doi: 10.1093/cid/c