The Protective Effect of Curcumin on Ionizing Radiation-induced Cataractogenesis in Rats

Yıl 2012, , 358 - 363, 01.04.2012

Seher Çimen Özgen Dikmen Dökmeci Meryem Akpolat Çetin Hakan Karadağ Özgür Gündüz Hakan Erbaş Ömer Benian Cem Uzal Fatma Nesrin Turan

https://doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2012.038

Öz

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the protective effect of curcumin against ionizing radiation-induced cataract in the lens of rats. Material and Methods: Rats were divided into six groups. Group 1: Control, Group 2: Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Group 3: DMSO+curcumin, Group 4: Irradiation, Group 5: Irradiation+DMSO, Group 6: Irradiation+DMSO+curcumin. A 15 Gy total dose was given to 4, 5, 6 groups for radiation damage. Curcumin (100 mg/kg) was dissolved in DMSO and given by intragastric intubation for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, lenses were graded and enucleated. The lenticular activity of the antioxidant enzymes, total antioxidant and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Results: 100% Cataract was seen in the irradiation group. Cataract rate fell to 40% and was limited at grade 1 and 2 in the curcumin group. In the irradiation group, antioxidant enzyme levels were decreased, MDA levels were increased. There was an increase in antioxidant enzyme levels and a significant decrease in MDA in the group which was given curcumin. Conclusion: Curcumin has antioxidant and radioprotective properties and is likely to be a valuable agent for protection against ionizing radiation. Hence, it may be used as an antioxidant and radioprotector against radiation-induced cataractogenesis. Turkish Başlık: Sıçanlarda İyonizan Radyasyonla Oluşturulan Katarakt Üzerine Curcuminin Koruyucu Etkisi Anahtar Kelimeler: Katarakt, curcumin, iyonizan radyasyon, lipid peroksidasyonu, oksidatif stres, radioprotektif Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı, sıçan lenslerinde iyonizan radyasyonla oluşturulan katarakt modelinde curcuminin koruyucu etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Sıçanlar altı gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1: Kontrol, Grup 2: Dimetil sülfoksid (DMSO), Grup 3: DMSO+curcumin, Grup 4: Radyasyon, Grup 5: Radyasyon+DMSO, Grup 6: Radyasyon+DMSO+curcumin. Grup 4, 5 ve 6'ya hasar oluşturmak için iyonizan radyasyon toplam 15 Gy dozunda verildi. Curcumin (100 mg/kg), DMSO içinde çözülerek 28 gün süresince intragastrik yoldan verildi. Çalışmanın sonunda, lensler sınıflandırıldı ve çıkarıldı. Lens dokusunda antioksidan durumu değerlendirmek üzere total antioksidan, glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px) enzimleri ve oksidan durumu değerlendirmek üzere malondialdehit (MDA) düzeylerine bakıldı. Bulgular: Radyasyon alan grupta %100 katarakt görüldü. Curcumin verilen grupta bu oran %40'a düştü ve grade 1 ve 2 ile sınırlıydı. Radyasyon alan grupta, kontrol grubuna göre antioxidan enzim seviyesi düştü, MDA enzim seviyesi yükseldi. Curcumin verilen grupta radyasyon grubuna göre ise anlamlı şekilde antioxidan enzim seviyesi yükseldi, MDA enzim seviyesi düştü. Sonuç: Curcumin antioksidan ve radioprotektif özelliklere sahiptir ve iyonizan radyasyona karşı koruyucu olarak değerli bir ajan olması nedeni ile antioksidan ve radioprotektör olarak radyasyon nedenli katarakt oluşumunda kullanılması önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cataract, curcumin, ionizing radiation, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, radioprotective

The Protective Effect of Curcumin on Ionizing Radiation-induced Cataractogenesis in Rats

Öz

Kaynakça

• Manikandan R, Beulaja M, Thiagarajan R, Arumugam M. Effect of curcumin on the modulation of αA- and αB-crystallin and heat shock protein 70 in selenium-induced cataractogenesis in Wistar rat pups. Mol Vis 2011;17:388-94.
• Mao XW, Crapo JD, Mekonnen T, Lindsey N, Martinez P, Gridley DS, Slater JM. Radioprotective effect of a metalloporphyrin com- pound in rat eye model. Curr Eye Res 2009;34:62-72. [CrossRef]
• Riley PA. Free radicals in biology: oxidative stress and the effects of ionizing radiation. Int J Radiat Biol 1994;65:27-33. [CrossRef]
• Akpolat M, Topcu-Tarladacalisir Y, Dokmeci D, Turan FN, Uzal MC. Protective effects of ibuprofen and L-carnitine against whole body gamma irradiation-induced duodenal mucosal injury. Bal- kan Med J 2011;28:80-5.
• Varma SD, Kovtun S, Hegde KR. Role of ultraviolet irradiation and oxidative stress in cataract formation-medical prevention by nu- tritional antioxidants and metabolic agonists. Eye Contact Lens 2011;37:233-45. [CrossRef]
• Jagetia GC, Rajanikant GK. Effect of curcumin on radiation- impaired healing of excisional wounds in mice. J Wound Care 2004;13:107-9.
• Jagetia GC. Radioprotection and radiosensitization by curcumin. Adv Exp Med Biol 2007;595:301-20. [CrossRef]
• Jagetia GC, Aggarwal BB. “Spicing up” of the immune system by curcumin. J Clin Immunol 2007;27:19-35. [CrossRef]
• Zhou H, Beevers CS, Huang S. The targets of curcumin. Curr Drug Targets 2011;12:332-47. [CrossRef]
• Jagetia GC, Rajanikant GK. Acceleration of wound repair by cur- cumin in the excision wound of mice exposed to different doses of fractionated γ radiation. Int Wound J 2012;9:76-92. [CrossRef]
• Kocer I, Taysi S, Ertekin MV, Karslioglu I, Gepdiremen A, Sezen O, et al. The effect of L-carnitine in the prevention of ionizing radiation-induced cataracts: a rat model. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2007;245:588-94. [CrossRef]
• Ertekin MV, Kocer I, Karslioglu I, Taysi S, Gepdiremen A, Sezen O, et al. Effects of oral Ginkgo biloba supplementation on cataract forma- tion and oxidative stress occurring in lenses of rats exposed to total cranium radiotherapy. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2004;48:499-502. [CrossRef]
• Chylack LT Jr, Ransil BJ, White O. Classification of human se- nile cataractous change by the American Cooperative Cataract Research Group (CCRG) method: III. The association of nuclear color (sclerosis) with extent of cataract formation, age, and visual acuity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1984;25:174-80.
• Gupta SK, Trivedi D, Srivastava S, Joshi S, Halder N, Verma SD. Lycopene attenuates oxidative stress induced experimental cataract development: an in vitro and in vivo study. Nutrition 2003;19:794-9. [CrossRef]
• Hegde K, Kovtun S, Varma S. Prevention of cataract in diabetic mice by topical pyruvate. Clin Ophthalmol 2011;5:1141-5.
• Karslioglu I, Ertekin MV, Koçer I, Taysi S, Sezen O, Gepdiremen A, et al. Protective role of intramuscularly administered vitamin E on the levels of lipid peroxidation and the activities of antioxi- dant enzymes in the lens of rats made cataractous with gamma- irradiation. Eur J Ophthalmol 2004;14:478-85.
• Karslioglu I, Ertekin MV, Taysi S, Koçer I, Sezen O, Gepdiremen A, et al. Radioprotective effects of melatonin on radiation-induced cataract. J Radiat Res (Tokyo) 2005;46:277-82. [CrossRef]
• Elanchezhian R, Sakthivel M, Geraldine P, Thomas PA. Regulatory effect of acetyl-l-carnitine on expression of lenticular antioxidant and apoptotic genes in selenite-induced cataract. Chem Biol In- teract 2010;184:346-51. [CrossRef]
• Taysi S, Memisogullari R, Koc M, Yazici AT, Aslankurt M, Gu- mustekin K, et al. Melatonin reduces oxidative stress in the rat lens due to radiation-induced oxidative injury. Int J Radiat Biol 2008;84:803-8. [CrossRef]
• Li G, Luna C, Navarro ID, Epstein DL, Huang W, Gonzalez P, et al. Resveratrol prevention of oxidative stress damage to lens epi- thelial cell cultures is mediated by forkhead box O activity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011;52:4395-401. [CrossRef]
• Chen Y, Yi L, Yan G, Fang Y, Jang Y, Wu X, et al. alpha-Lipoic acid alters post-translational modifications and protects the chaper- one activity of lens alpha-crystallin in naphthalene-induced cata- ract. Curr Eye Res 2010;35:620-30. [CrossRef]
• Okumus S, Taysi S, Orkmez M, Saricicek E, Demir E, Adli M, et al. The effects of oral Ginkgo biloba supplementation on radia- tion-induced oxidative injury in the lens of rat. Pharmacogn Mag 2011;7:141-5. [CrossRef]
• Wang J, Löfgren S, Dong X, Galichanin K, Söderberg PG. Dose-re- sponse relationship for α-tocopherol prevention of ultraviolet radia- tion induced cataract in rat. Exp Eye Res 2011;93:91-7. [CrossRef]
• Aydin B, Yagci R, Yilmaz FM, Erdurmus M, Karadağ R, Keskin U, et al. Prevention of selenite-induced cataractogenesis by N-acet- ylcysteine in rats. Curr Eye Res 2009;34:196-201. [CrossRef]
• Ettl A, Daxer A, Göttinger W, Schmid E. Inhibition of experimen- tal diabetic cataract by topical administration of RS-verapamil hydrochloride. Br J Ophthalmol 2004;88:44-7. [CrossRef]
• Inano H, Onoda M. Radioprotective action of curcumin extracted from Curcuma longa LINN: inhibitory effect on formation of uri- nary 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine, tumorigenesis, but not mor- tality, induced by gamma-ray irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002;53:735-43. [CrossRef]
• Inano H, Onoda M, Inafuku N, Kubota M, Kamada Y, Osawa T, et al. Potent preventive action of curcumin on radiation-induced initiation of mammary tumorigenesis in rats. Carcinogenesis 2000;21:1835-41. [CrossRef]
• Khopde SM, Priyadarsini KI, Guha SN, Satav JG, Venkatesan P, Rao MN. Inhibition of radiation-induced lipid peroxidation by tet- rahydrocurcumin: possible mechanisms by pulse radiolysis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000;64:503-9. [CrossRef]
• Jain SK, Rains J, Jones K. Effect of curcumin on protein glycosyl- ation, lipid peroxidation, and oxygen radical generation in hu- man red blood cells exposed to high glucose levels. Free Radic Biol Med 2006;41:92-6. [CrossRef]
• Suryanarayana P, Krishnaswamy K, Reddy GB. Effect of cur- cumin on galactose-induced cataractogenesis in rats. Mol Vis 2003;9:223-30.
• Suryanarayana P, Saraswat M, Mrudula T, Krishna TP, Krishnas- wamy K, Reddy GB. Curcumin and turmeric delay streptozoto- cin-induced diabetic cataract in rats. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2005;46:2092-9. [CrossRef]
• Kumar PA, Suryanarayana P, Reddy PY, Reddy GB. Modulation of alpha-crystallin chaperone activity in diabetic rat lens by cur- cumin. Mol Vis 2005;11:561-8.
• Awasthi S, Srivatava SK, Piper JT, Singhal SS, Chaubey M, Aw- asthi YC. Curcumin protects against 4-hydroxy-2-trans-none- nal-induced cataract formation in rat lenses. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;64:761-6.
• Pandya U, Saini MK, Jin GF, Awasthi S, Godley BF, Awasthi YC. Dietary curcumin prevents ocular toxicity of naphthalene in rats. Toxicol Lett 2000;115:195-204. [CrossRef]
• Manikandan R, Thiagarajan R, Beulaja S, Chindhu S, Mariammal K, Sudhandiran G, et al. Anti-cataractogenic effect of curcumin and aminoguanidine against selenium-induced oxidative stress in the eye lens of Wistar rat pups: An in vitro study using isolated lens. Chem Biol Interact 2009;181:202-9. [CrossRef]
• Manikandan R, Thiagarajan R, Beulaja S, Sudhandiran G, Arumu- gam M. Effect of curcumin on selenite-induced cataractogenesis in Wistar rat pups. Curr Eye Res 2010;35:122-9. [CrossRef]
• Manikandan R, Thiagarajan R, Beulaja S, Sudhandiran G, Arumu- gam M. Curcumin prevents free radical-mediated cataractogen- esis through modulations in lens calcium. Free Radic Biol Med 2010;48:483-92. [CrossRef]
• Dokmeci D, Akpolat M, Aydogdu N, Uzal C, Turan FN. The modi- fying effect of ibuprofen on total body irradiation-induced el- evation of oxidative reactions in male hamsters. Acta Med Biol 2004;52:67-72.
• Kelsey NA, Wilkins HM, Linseman DA. Nutraceutical antioxidants as novel neuroprotective agents. Molecules 2010;15:7792-814. [CrossRef]
• Dynlacht JR, Valluri S, Lopez J, Greer F, Desrosiers C, Caperell- Grant A, et al. Estrogen protects against radiation-induced cata- ractogenesis. Radiat Res 2008;170:758-64. [CrossRef]
• Cengiz M, Gürkaynak M, Atahan IL, Kiliç K, Totan Y. The effect of verapamil in the prevention of radiation-induced cataract. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999;43:623-6. [CrossRef]