BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The Importance of Serum Total and Lipid-Bound Sialic Acid as Markers in Patients With Small Cell and Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 2007 Sayı: 2, 101 - 108, 01.02.2007

Selma Süer Gökmen Cemal Kazezoğlu Erhan Tabakoğlu Güldeniz Altıay Özgül Güngör Mevlüt Türe

Öz

Objectives: Serum total sialic acid (TSA) and lipid-bound sialic acid (LSA) levels were investigated in patients with small and non-small cell lung carcinoma and their role in discriminating small from non-small cell lung carcinoma and lung carcinoma from healthy individuals was evaluated. Patients and Methods: The study included 159 male patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (n=102) and small cell lung carcinoma (n=57) who never received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and 35 healthy volunteers as controls. Serum TSA and LSA levels were determined by the methods of Warren and Katopodis, respectively. Results: Serum TSA and LSA levels in both patient groups were significantly elevated when compared with controls (p<0.001), but the patient groups did not differ significantly in this respect. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that TSA was more specific and LSA was more sensitive in distinguishing patients with non-small cell carcinoma from healthy individuals. On the other hand, LSA was found to be more sensitive in distinguishing patients with small cell carcinoma from healthy controls. Conclusion: Serum total and lipid-bound sialic acid may play an important role as biochemical markers in distinguishing patients with small and non-small cell lung carcinoma from healthy subjects. Turkish Başlık: Küçük Hücreli ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi Anahtar Kelimeler: Küçük hücreli akciğer kanseri; küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri; total siyalik asit; lipide bağlı siyalik asit; marker Amaç: Küçük hücreli ve küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserli hastalarda serum total siyalik asit (TSA) ve lipide bağlı siyalik asit (LSA) düzeyleri incelendi ve hastaları sağlıklı bireylerden ve birbirinden ayırmada bu parametrelerin marker olarak rolü irdelendi. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya henüz hiç kemoterapi ve/veya radyoterapi almamış 102 küçük hücreli dışı ve 57 küçük hücreli akciğer kanserli toplam 159 erkek hasta ve 35 sağlıklı erkek gönüllü dahil edildi. Serum TSA analizinde Warren yöntemi, LSA analizinde Katopodis yöntemi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Küçük hücreli ve küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserli hastaların serum TSA ve LSA düzeyleri sağlıklılara göre anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p<0.001), ancak bu iki hasta grubu arasında bu açıdan anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. ROC (Receiver operating characteristic) analizinde, küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserli hastaları sağlıklılardan ayırmada TSA'nın özgüllüğünün, LSA'nın ise duyarlılığının daha iyi olduğu görüldü. Öte yandan, küçük hücreli akciğer kanserli hastaları sağlıklılardan ayırmada LSA'nın daha duyarlı olduğu saptandı. Sonuç:Serum total ve lipide bağlı siyalik asit, küçük hücreli ve küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserli hastaları sağlıklılardan ayırmada biyokimyasal marker olarak önemli rol oynayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Small cell lung cancer; non small cell lung cancer; total sialic acid; lipid-bound sialic acid; marker

Kaynakça

  • Schauer R. Sialic acids and their role as biological masks. Trends Biochem Sci 1985;10:357-60.
  • Schauer R. Chemistry, metabolism and biological functions of sialic acids. In: Stuart T, Horton D, edi- tors. Advances in carbohydrate chemistry and bioc- hemistry. 1st ed. New York: Academic Press; 1982. p. 131-234.
  • Traving C, Schauer R. Structure, function and metabolism of sialic acids. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998; 54:1330-49.
  • Bishop M, Downward J, Lane D, Murray A, Ponder B, Varmus H. Cancer. In: Alberts B, Bray D, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Watson JD. Molecular biology of the cell. 3rd ed. New York: Garland Publishing; 1994. p. 1255-94.
  • Emmelot P. Biochemical properties of normal and neoplastic cell surfaces; a review. Eur J Cancer 1973; 9:319-33.
  • Singhal A, Hakomori S. Molecular changes in carbo- hydrate antigens associated with cancer. Bioessays 1990;12:223-30.
  • Celen O, Yildirim E, Ozen N, Sonmez C. Predictive value of relative changes in serum total sialic acid level for response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma. Neoplasma 2006;53:347-51.
  • Sancak B, Kulaksızoğlu S, Ünal A, Çevik C, Coşkun U, Günel N. Serum lipid-bound sialic acid concentra- tion in patients with breast cancer at different clinical stages. Gazi Medical Journal 2002;13:133-7.
  • Roy A, Chakraborty S. Detection of cancer cervix by estimation of sialic acid. J Indian Med Assoc 2005; 103:589-90.
  • Sebzda T, Saleh Y, Gburek J, Warwas M, Andrzejak R, Siewinski M, et al. Total and lipid-bound plasma sialic acid as diagnostic markers in colorectal cancer patients: correlation with cathepsin B expression in progression to Dukes stage. J Exp Ther Oncol 2006; 5:223-9.
  • Lopez Saez JJ, Senra-Varela A. Evaluation of lipid- bound sialic acid (LSA) as a tumor marker. Int J Biol Markers 1995;10:174-9.
  • Basoglu M, Yildirgan MI, Taysi S, Yilmaz I, Kiziltunc A, Balik AA, et al. Levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and total sialic acid in serum of patients with colorectal cancer. J Surg Oncol 2003; 83:180-4.
  • Rajpura KB, Patel PS, Chawda JG, Shah RM. Clinical significance of total and lipid bound sialic acid lev- els in oral pre-cancerous conditions and oral cancer. J Oral Pathol Med 2005;34:263-7.
  • Inal E, Laçin M, Asal K, Ceylan A, Köybaşioğlu A, Ileri F, et al. The significance of ferritin, lipid-associ- ated sialic acid, CEA, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen, and CYFRA 21-1 levels in SCC of the head and neck. Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg 2004; 12:23-30.
  • Feijoo-Carnero C, Rodríguez-Berrocal FJ, Páez de la Cadena M, Ayude D, de Carlos A, Martínez- Zorzano VS. Clinical significance of preoperative serum sialic acid levels in colorectal cancer: utility in the detection of patients at high risk of tumor recur- rence. Int J Biol Markers 2004;19:38-45.
  • Osann KE, Ernster VL, Mustacchi P. Epidemiology of lung cancer. In: Murray JF, Nadel JA, Mason JR, Boushey HA, editors. Textbook of respiratory medicine. Vol. 2, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company; 2000. p. 1395-14.
  • Prager D, Cameron R, Ford J, Figlin RA. Bronchogenic carcinoma. In: Murray JF, Nadel JA, Mason JR, Boushey HA, editors. Textbook of respi- ratory medicine. Vol. 2, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company; 2000. p. 1415-51.
  • WU JT. Diagnosis and management of cancer using serologic tumor markers. In: Henry JB, editor. Clinical diagnosis and management by laboratory methods. 19th ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company; 1996. p. 1064-80.
  • Gail MH, Muenz L, McIntire KR, Radovich B, Braunstein G, Brown PR, et al. Multiple markers for lung cancer diagnosis: validation of models for advanced lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1986; 76:805-816.
  • Schneider J. Tumor markers in detection of lung can- cer. Adv Clin Chem 2006;42:1-41.
  • Miura N, Nakamura H, Sato R, Tsukamoto T, Harada T, Takahashi S, et al. Clinical usefulness of serum telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA as a novel tumor marker for lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2006;97:1366-73.
  • Lin X, Gu J, Lu C, Spitz MR, Wu X. Expression of telomere-associated genes as prognostic markers for overall survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:5720-5.
  • Tas F, Duranyildiz D, Oguz H, Camlica H, Yasasever V, Topuz E. Serum vascular endothelial growth fac- tor (VEGF) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in small cell lung cancer. Cancer Invest 2006;24:492-6.
  • Patel PS, Raval GN, Rawal RR, Patel GH, Balar DB, Shah PM, et al. Assessing benefits of combining bio- chemical and immunological markers in patients with lung carcinoma. Cancer Lett 1994;82:129-33.
  • Patel PS, Raval GN, Rawal RM, Patel GH, Balar DB, Shah PM, et al. Comparison between serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, sialic acid and phospho- hexose isomerase in lung cancer. Neoplasma 1995; 42:271-4.
  • Shamberger RJ. Evaluation of water soluble and lipid soluble sialic acid levels as tumor markers. Anticancer Res 1986;6:717-20.
  • Kakari S, Stringou E, Toumbis M, Ferderigos AS, Poulaki E, Chondros K, et al. Five tumor markers in lung cancer: significance of total and “lipid”-bound sialic acid. Anticancer Res 1991;11:2107-10.
  • Patel PS, Baxi BR, Balar DB. Significance of serum sialoglycoproteins in patients with lung cancer. Neoplasma 1989;36:53-9.
  • Patel PS, Baxi BR, Desai SS, Balar DB. Serum total sial- ic acid and regan isoenzyme levels in patients with lung cancer. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 1990; 33:124-8.
  • Karlıkaya C, Erdoğan S, Akkoçlu A, Oktay G, Güner G, Uçan ES, ve ark. Akciğer kanserinde çoklu tümör belirleyicisi analizi. Toraks Dergisi 2003;4:248-59.
  • Selen İşbilir Ş, Süer Gökmen S, Çağlar T, Hatipoğlu ON, Gülen Ş. Akciğer kanserinde serum total ve lipi- de bağlı sialik asid düzeylerinde yükselme ve bunun metastaz ile ilişkisi. Trakya Üniv. Tıp Fak Dergisi 2002;19:75-9.
  • Süer Gökmen S, Kazezoğlu C, Tabakoğlu E, Altıay G, Güngör Ö, Türe M. Serum total sialic acid levels in lung cancer patients of different histological types with and no extrapulmonary metastases. Türk Biyo- kimya Dergisi 2004;29:262-7.
  • Warren L. The thiobarbituric acid assay of sialic acids. J Biol Chem 1959;234:1971-5.
  • Katopodis N, Hirshaut Y, Geller NL, Stock CC. Lipid-associated sialic acid test for the detection of human cancer. Cancer Res 1982;42:5270-5.
  • Broquet P, Baubichon-Cortay H, George P, Louisot P. Glycoprotein sialyltransferases in eucaryotic cells. Int J Biochem 1991;23:385-9.
  • Ronquist G, Nou E. Serum sialyltransferase and fucosyltransferase activities in patients with bronchial carcinoma. Cancer 1983;52:1679-83.
  • Evans IM, Hilf R, Murphy M, Bosmann HB. Correlation of serum, tumor, and liver serum glyco- protein: N-acetylneuraminic acid transferase activi- ty with growth of the R3230AC mammary tumor in rats and relationship of the serum activity to tumor burden. Cancer Res 1980;40:3103-11.
  • Fingerhut R, van der Horst GT, Verheijen FW, Conzelmann E. Degradation of gangliosides by the lysosomal sialidase requires an activator protein. Eur J Biochem 1992;20:623-9.
  • Ueno S, Saito S, Wada T, Yamaguchi K, Satoh M, Arai Y, et al. Plasma membrane-associated sialidase is up-regulated in renal cell carcinoma and promotes interleukin-6-induced apoptosis suppression and cell motility. J Biol Chem 2006;281:7756-64.
  • Sonmez H, Suer S, Gungor Z, Baloglu H, Kokoglu E. Tissue and serum sialidase levels in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 1999;136:75-8.
  • Bektemür G, Ozer F, Kanat F, Imecik O. Diagnostic efficiency of serum lipid-bound sialic acid level in malignant pleural effusions. Tuberk Toraks 2003; 51:265-70.
  • Tertov VV, Kaplun VV, Sobenin IA, Orekhov AN. Low-density lipoprotein modification occurring in human plasma possible mechanism of in vivo lipoprotein desialylation as a primary step of athero- genic modification. Atherosclerosis 1998;138:183-95.

Küçük Hücreli ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 2007 Sayı: 2, 101 - 108, 01.02.2007

Selma Süer Gökmen Cemal Kazezoğlu Erhan Tabakoğlu Güldeniz Altıay Özgül Güngör Mevlüt Türe

Öz

Küçük hücreli akciğer kanseri; küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri; total siyalik asit; lipide bağlı siyalik asit; marker Amaç: Küçük hücreli ve küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserli hastalarda serum total siyalik asit (TSA) ve lipide bağlı siyalik asit (LSA) düzeyleri incelendi ve hastaları sağlıklı bireylerden ve birbirinden ayırmada bu parametrelerin marker olarak rolü irdelendi. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya henüz hiç kemoterapi ve/veya radyoterapi almamış 102 küçük hücreli dışı ve 57 küçük hücreli akciğer kanserli toplam 159 erkek hasta ve 35 sağlıklı erkek gönüllü dahil edildi. Serum TSA analizinde Warren yöntemi, LSA analizinde Katopodis yöntemi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Küçük hücreli ve küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserli hastaların serum TSA ve LSA düzeyleri sağlıklılara göre anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p < 0.001), ancak bu iki hasta grubu arasında bu açıdan anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. ROC (Receiver operating characteristic) analizinde, küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserli hastaları sağlıklılardan ayırmada TSA'nın özgüllüğünün, LSA'nın ise duyarlılığının daha iyi olduğu görüldü. Öte yandan, küçük hücreli akciğer kanserli hastaları sağlıklılardan ayırmada LSA'nın daha duyarlı olduğu saptandı. Sonuç:Serum total ve lipide bağlı siyalik asit, küçük hücreli ve küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserli hastaları sağlıklılardan ayırmada biyokimyasal marker olarak önemli rol oynayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Küçük hücreli akciğer kanseri küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri total siyalik asit lipide bağlı siyalik asit marker

Kaynakça

  • Schauer R. Sialic acids and their role as biological masks. Trends Biochem Sci 1985;10:357-60.
  • Schauer R. Chemistry, metabolism and biological functions of sialic acids. In: Stuart T, Horton D, edi- tors. Advances in carbohydrate chemistry and bioc- hemistry. 1st ed. New York: Academic Press; 1982. p. 131-234.
  • Traving C, Schauer R. Structure, function and metabolism of sialic acids. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998; 54:1330-49.
  • Bishop M, Downward J, Lane D, Murray A, Ponder B, Varmus H. Cancer. In: Alberts B, Bray D, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Watson JD. Molecular biology of the cell. 3rd ed. New York: Garland Publishing; 1994. p. 1255-94.
  • Emmelot P. Biochemical properties of normal and neoplastic cell surfaces; a review. Eur J Cancer 1973; 9:319-33.
  • Singhal A, Hakomori S. Molecular changes in carbo- hydrate antigens associated with cancer. Bioessays 1990;12:223-30.
  • Celen O, Yildirim E, Ozen N, Sonmez C. Predictive value of relative changes in serum total sialic acid level for response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma. Neoplasma 2006;53:347-51.
  • Sancak B, Kulaksızoğlu S, Ünal A, Çevik C, Coşkun U, Günel N. Serum lipid-bound sialic acid concentra- tion in patients with breast cancer at different clinical stages. Gazi Medical Journal 2002;13:133-7.
  • Roy A, Chakraborty S. Detection of cancer cervix by estimation of sialic acid. J Indian Med Assoc 2005; 103:589-90.
  • Sebzda T, Saleh Y, Gburek J, Warwas M, Andrzejak R, Siewinski M, et al. Total and lipid-bound plasma sialic acid as diagnostic markers in colorectal cancer patients: correlation with cathepsin B expression in progression to Dukes stage. J Exp Ther Oncol 2006; 5:223-9.
  • Lopez Saez JJ, Senra-Varela A. Evaluation of lipid- bound sialic acid (LSA) as a tumor marker. Int J Biol Markers 1995;10:174-9.
  • Basoglu M, Yildirgan MI, Taysi S, Yilmaz I, Kiziltunc A, Balik AA, et al. Levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and total sialic acid in serum of patients with colorectal cancer. J Surg Oncol 2003; 83:180-4.
  • Rajpura KB, Patel PS, Chawda JG, Shah RM. Clinical significance of total and lipid bound sialic acid lev- els in oral pre-cancerous conditions and oral cancer. J Oral Pathol Med 2005;34:263-7.
  • Inal E, Laçin M, Asal K, Ceylan A, Köybaşioğlu A, Ileri F, et al. The significance of ferritin, lipid-associ- ated sialic acid, CEA, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen, and CYFRA 21-1 levels in SCC of the head and neck. Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg 2004; 12:23-30.
  • Feijoo-Carnero C, Rodríguez-Berrocal FJ, Páez de la Cadena M, Ayude D, de Carlos A, Martínez- Zorzano VS. Clinical significance of preoperative serum sialic acid levels in colorectal cancer: utility in the detection of patients at high risk of tumor recur- rence. Int J Biol Markers 2004;19:38-45.
  • Osann KE, Ernster VL, Mustacchi P. Epidemiology of lung cancer. In: Murray JF, Nadel JA, Mason JR, Boushey HA, editors. Textbook of respiratory medicine. Vol. 2, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company; 2000. p. 1395-14.
  • Prager D, Cameron R, Ford J, Figlin RA. Bronchogenic carcinoma. In: Murray JF, Nadel JA, Mason JR, Boushey HA, editors. Textbook of respi- ratory medicine. Vol. 2, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company; 2000. p. 1415-51.
  • WU JT. Diagnosis and management of cancer using serologic tumor markers. In: Henry JB, editor. Clinical diagnosis and management by laboratory methods. 19th ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company; 1996. p. 1064-80.
  • Gail MH, Muenz L, McIntire KR, Radovich B, Braunstein G, Brown PR, et al. Multiple markers for lung cancer diagnosis: validation of models for advanced lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1986; 76:805-816.
  • Schneider J. Tumor markers in detection of lung can- cer. Adv Clin Chem 2006;42:1-41.
  • Miura N, Nakamura H, Sato R, Tsukamoto T, Harada T, Takahashi S, et al. Clinical usefulness of serum telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA as a novel tumor marker for lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2006;97:1366-73.
  • Lin X, Gu J, Lu C, Spitz MR, Wu X. Expression of telomere-associated genes as prognostic markers for overall survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:5720-5.
  • Tas F, Duranyildiz D, Oguz H, Camlica H, Yasasever V, Topuz E. Serum vascular endothelial growth fac- tor (VEGF) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in small cell lung cancer. Cancer Invest 2006;24:492-6.
  • Patel PS, Raval GN, Rawal RR, Patel GH, Balar DB, Shah PM, et al. Assessing benefits of combining bio- chemical and immunological markers in patients with lung carcinoma. Cancer Lett 1994;82:129-33.
  • Patel PS, Raval GN, Rawal RM, Patel GH, Balar DB, Shah PM, et al. Comparison between serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, sialic acid and phospho- hexose isomerase in lung cancer. Neoplasma 1995; 42:271-4.
  • Shamberger RJ. Evaluation of water soluble and lipid soluble sialic acid levels as tumor markers. Anticancer Res 1986;6:717-20.
  • Kakari S, Stringou E, Toumbis M, Ferderigos AS, Poulaki E, Chondros K, et al. Five tumor markers in lung cancer: significance of total and “lipid”-bound sialic acid. Anticancer Res 1991;11:2107-10.
  • Patel PS, Baxi BR, Balar DB. Significance of serum sialoglycoproteins in patients with lung cancer. Neoplasma 1989;36:53-9.
  • Patel PS, Baxi BR, Desai SS, Balar DB. Serum total sial- ic acid and regan isoenzyme levels in patients with lung cancer. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 1990; 33:124-8.
  • Karlıkaya C, Erdoğan S, Akkoçlu A, Oktay G, Güner G, Uçan ES, ve ark. Akciğer kanserinde çoklu tümör belirleyicisi analizi. Toraks Dergisi 2003;4:248-59.
  • Selen İşbilir Ş, Süer Gökmen S, Çağlar T, Hatipoğlu ON, Gülen Ş. Akciğer kanserinde serum total ve lipi- de bağlı sialik asid düzeylerinde yükselme ve bunun metastaz ile ilişkisi. Trakya Üniv. Tıp Fak Dergisi 2002;19:75-9.
  • Süer Gökmen S, Kazezoğlu C, Tabakoğlu E, Altıay G, Güngör Ö, Türe M. Serum total sialic acid levels in lung cancer patients of different histological types with and no extrapulmonary metastases. Türk Biyo- kimya Dergisi 2004;29:262-7.
  • Warren L. The thiobarbituric acid assay of sialic acids. J Biol Chem 1959;234:1971-5.
  • Katopodis N, Hirshaut Y, Geller NL, Stock CC. Lipid-associated sialic acid test for the detection of human cancer. Cancer Res 1982;42:5270-5.
  • Broquet P, Baubichon-Cortay H, George P, Louisot P. Glycoprotein sialyltransferases in eucaryotic cells. Int J Biochem 1991;23:385-9.
  • Ronquist G, Nou E. Serum sialyltransferase and fucosyltransferase activities in patients with bronchial carcinoma. Cancer 1983;52:1679-83.
  • Evans IM, Hilf R, Murphy M, Bosmann HB. Correlation of serum, tumor, and liver serum glyco- protein: N-acetylneuraminic acid transferase activi- ty with growth of the R3230AC mammary tumor in rats and relationship of the serum activity to tumor burden. Cancer Res 1980;40:3103-11.
  • Fingerhut R, van der Horst GT, Verheijen FW, Conzelmann E. Degradation of gangliosides by the lysosomal sialidase requires an activator protein. Eur J Biochem 1992;20:623-9.
  • Ueno S, Saito S, Wada T, Yamaguchi K, Satoh M, Arai Y, et al. Plasma membrane-associated sialidase is up-regulated in renal cell carcinoma and promotes interleukin-6-induced apoptosis suppression and cell motility. J Biol Chem 2006;281:7756-64.
  • Sonmez H, Suer S, Gungor Z, Baloglu H, Kokoglu E. Tissue and serum sialidase levels in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 1999;136:75-8.
  • Bektemür G, Ozer F, Kanat F, Imecik O. Diagnostic efficiency of serum lipid-bound sialic acid level in malignant pleural effusions. Tuberk Toraks 2003; 51:265-70.
  • Tertov VV, Kaplun VV, Sobenin IA, Orekhov AN. Low-density lipoprotein modification occurring in human plasma possible mechanism of in vivo lipoprotein desialylation as a primary step of athero- genic modification. Atherosclerosis 1998;138:183-95.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Selma Süer Gökmen Bu kişi benim

Cemal Kazezoğlu Bu kişi benim

Erhan Tabakoğlu Bu kişi benim

Güldeniz Altıay Bu kişi benim

Özgül Güngör Bu kişi benim

Mevlüt Türe Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2007
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2007 Cilt: 2007 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Gökmen, S. . S., Kazezoğlu, C., Tabakoğlu, E., Altıay, G., vd. (2007). Küçük Hücreli ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi. Balkan Medical Journal, 2007(2), 101-108.
AMA Gökmen SS, Kazezoğlu C, Tabakoğlu E, Altıay G, Güngör Ö, Türe M. Küçük Hücreli ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi. Balkan Medical Journal. Şubat 2007;2007(2):101-108.
Chicago Gökmen, Selma Süer, Cemal Kazezoğlu, Erhan Tabakoğlu, Güldeniz Altıay, Özgül Güngör, ve Mevlüt Türe. “Küçük Hücreli Ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total Ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi”. Balkan Medical Journal 2007, sy. 2 (Şubat 2007): 101-8.
EndNote Gökmen SS, Kazezoğlu C, Tabakoğlu E, Altıay G, Güngör Ö, Türe M (01 Şubat 2007) Küçük Hücreli ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi. Balkan Medical Journal 2007 2 101–108.
IEEE S. . S. Gökmen, C. Kazezoğlu, E. Tabakoğlu, G. Altıay, Ö. Güngör, ve M. Türe, “Küçük Hücreli ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi”, Balkan Medical Journal, c. 2007, sy. 2, ss. 101–108, 2007.
ISNAD Gökmen, Selma Süer vd. “Küçük Hücreli Ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total Ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi”. Balkan Medical Journal 2007/2 (Şubat 2007), 101-108.
JAMA Gökmen SS, Kazezoğlu C, Tabakoğlu E, Altıay G, Güngör Ö, Türe M. Küçük Hücreli ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi. Balkan Medical Journal. 2007;2007:101–108.
MLA Gökmen, Selma Süer vd. “Küçük Hücreli Ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total Ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi”. Balkan Medical Journal, c. 2007, sy. 2, 2007, ss. 101-8.
Vancouver Gökmen SS, Kazezoğlu C, Tabakoğlu E, Altıay G, Güngör Ö, Türe M. Küçük Hücreli ve Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Serum Total ve Lipide Bağlı Siyalik Asidin Marker Olarak Önemi. Balkan Medical Journal. 2007;2007(2):101-8.